摘要:
An exposure device for printing an image on a photographic material having a tabular-shaped light emitting means as a light source is disclosed. The exposure device has neither exposure unevenness nor can the light source be suddenly cut off in use and is suitable for printing an identification mark on medical films.
摘要:
A plate-like article holding device particularly suitably usable in an exposure apparatus for printing a pattern of a reticle or mask on a semiconductor wafer, as a wafer holding device for holding the wafer at a pattern printing station, is disclosed. In an embodiment, the holding device includes a wafer chuck having a wafer attracting surface and a plurality of throughbores formed in relation to the attracting surface. Also, the device includes a plurality of support pillars provided in relation to the throughbores, respectively, and having end faces effective to support a wafer by attraction. There is provided a driving mechanism for moving the wafer chuck in a direction substantially perpendicular to the wafer attracting surface of the chuck so as to allow that the supporting end faces of the support pillars project outwardly beyond the wafer attracting surface of the wafer chuck or, alternatively, they are accommodated within the wafer chuck. A wafer having been conveyed to the device is first attracted to and supported by the supporting pillars as they are projected from the wafer attracting surface of the chuck. Thereafter, the wafer chuck is moved by the driving mechanism so that the wafer attracting surface thereof contacts the wafer.
摘要:
An additive for stock feeds containing decomposition products of chicory roots in which the total content of polysaccharides and inulooligosaccharides of tri- and higher saccharides obtained by decomposing the chicory roots is 40% by weight or more of the total solids content and is 80% by weight or more of the total saccharides. The stock feed preferably contains 0.1 to 10% by weight of the additive. The additive is prepared by a process which comprises the steps of chopping and then heating/drying chicory roots in order to form chicory flakes, and grinding the chicory flakes, or by a process which comprises the step of enzymatically decomposing the chicory roots without an extraction step.
摘要:
A process head for use in an electrophotographic apparatus and adapted for conducting developing process with a developer on an electrophotographic film in a developing section of the electrophotographic apparatus. The developing section is surrounded by a seal section. An air pump is provided for supplying the seal section with a seal gas selectively at a low pressure higher than the pressure in the developing section and, hence, capable of preventing developer from leaking out of the developing section and a high pressure higher than the low pressure and high enough to drive the seal gas into the developing section. In consequence, leaking of developer out of the developing section is avoided and the seal gas under the high pressure comes into the developing section so as to ensure the complete removal of unnecessary portion of the developing agent.
摘要:
A vacuum-forceps is disclosed. A valve chamber is provided between a first suction passage communicating with an adsorptive member and a second suction passage connected through a suction tube to a vacuum source. A valve member linked to an operating push button is accomodated in the valve chamber. The adsorptive member is rotatable and swayable relative to a forceps body with the aid of a spherical member. A suction tube is connected through a double-coupling to the forceps body. A bypass is provided between the valve chamber and the first suction passage. A semiconductor silicon wafer is adsorbed on an adsorptive plate provided at the tip end of the adsorptive member by actuating the push button and is then moved to a desired position.
摘要:
An exposure apparatus wherein a semiconductor wafer is exposed to an IC circuit pattern formed on a mask through a reduction projection optical system, and then the wafer is stepped; and these operations are alternately repeated, thereby forming a plurality of patterns on the wafer. A distance measuring system utilizing the interference between laser beams, has a first mirror fixed relative to the mask and another mirror fixed relative to the wafer, so that the relative position between the mask and the wafer is determined by a single interferometer system.
摘要:
A device for guiding movement of a stage, carrying thereon a semiconductor wafer, for printing in a reduced scale an integrated circuit pattern of a mask onto different portions of the semiconductor wafer through a reduction production lens, includes linear roller bearings for supporting the stage for movement in a predetermined direction, a slider and a roller for pressing a portion of the stage against the slider to thereby constrain the displacement of the stage in a direction perpendicular to the predetermined direction of movement, whereby higher accuracies of the stop position of the stage as well as higher speed of the stage movement are assured.
摘要:
A novel method of forming high contrast silver images is provided. The method comprises steps of (1) imagewisely exposing a light-sensitive silver halide photographic material, and (2) treating the exposed material with a developer having superadditivity. The method is characterized by the co-existence of an oxidizing agent, and a water-insoluble ion pair formed by a water-soluble cationic compound such as quaternary ammonium or tertiary sulfonium salt and a water-soluble anionic compound such as organic sulfate. The method realizes high contrast photographic images by using a developer having a good preservability, without contamination of the developer, within a short period of time for the development. There is also provided a light-sensitive silver halide photographic material herein.
摘要:
Process for forming high-contrast silver images which comprises treating a light-sensitive silver halide photographic material provided with a hydrophilic colloidal layer containing a silver halide emulsion layer coated on a support and containing a tetrazolium compound, after imagewise exposure, with a developer and/or a processing solution prior to the developing, both of which contains at least a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound substituted with at least mercapto, thioketone or thioether group.
摘要:
A combustion pressure detection device for detecting combustion pressure inside a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, the combustion pressure detection device being attachable to a communication hole communicating an inside of a cylinder head configuring the combustion chamber and an outside thereof, the combustion pressure detection device includes: a housing; and an piezoelectric element and the like that are located in the housing and detect the combustion pressure. The housing has an attachment structural part attachable to the communication hole, the attachment structural part has a third outer peripheral surface to which a first seal member is attachable, and a inclined surface to which a second seal member is attachable, and the inclined surface is arranged at a front end side in a direction to the combustion chamber relative to the third outer peripheral surface when the combustion pressure detection device is attached to the communication hole.