公开(公告)号：US4586562A

公开(公告)日：1986-05-06

申请号：US521944

申请日：1983-08-10

申请人： Richard C. Carlson ,  Donald L. DeRespiris ,  Anthony R. Sacco ,  Donald J. Groszek ,  Bonnie M. Ivancic

发明人： Richard C. Carlson ,  Donald L. DeRespiris ,  Anthony R. Sacco ,  Donald J. Groszek ,  Bonnie M. Ivancic

IPC分类号： F28F3/08 ,  F28F19/00 ,  F28F19/02 ,  C23F13/00

CPC分类号： F28F19/004 ,  F28F3/083

摘要： A plate heat exchanger assembly is provided having an anodic protection system comprising a plate heat exchanger frame, a plurality of heat exchanger plates mounted to the frame and means for selectively applying a voltage across the plates whereby during operation of the plate heat exchanger assembly biofouling and scaling is inhibited. The plurality of heat exchanger plates are mounted to the frame to define a plurality of heat exchange chambers for heat communication between a first and second process fluid being transmitted through the assembly. An insulating contact coating at points of electrically conductive contact between adjacent plates of the heat exchange chambers is provided such that the chambers comprise electrolytic chambers means are provided for selectively applying a voltage across said adjacent plates. A method of applying the insulating contact coating to a heat exchanger plate is also disclosed. The method comprises identifying points of electrically conductive contact between said adjacent heat exchanger plates and applying an insulating material to the points of contact.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种板式换热器组件，其具有阳极保护系统，该阳极保护系统包括板式热交换器框架，安装到框架上的多个热交换器板和用于选择性地施加跨过板的电压的装置，由此在板式换热器组件生物污损的操作期间和 缩放被禁止。 多个热交换器板安装到框架上以限定多个热交换室，用于通过组件传输的第一和第二工艺流体之间的热连通。 提供了在热交换室的相邻板之间的导电接触点处的绝缘接触涂层，使得这些室包括电解室装置，用于选择性地在所述相邻板上施加电压。 还公开了将绝缘接触涂层施加到热交换器板的方法。 该方法包括识别所述相邻的热交换器板之间的导电接触点，并将绝缘材料施加到接触点。

公开(公告)号：US4545886A

公开(公告)日：1985-10-08

申请号：US506436

申请日：1983-06-21

申请人： Vittorio de Nora ,  Henri B. Beer

发明人： Vittorio de Nora ,  Henri B. Beer

IPC分类号： C25B1/46 ,  C25B20060101 ,  C25B9/00 ,  C25B9/08 ,  C25B9/10 ,  C25B11/04 ,  C25B11/08 ,  C25B13/02 ,  C25B11/02 ,  C25B11/10

CPC分类号： C25B9/08 ,  C25B11/04 ,  C25B9/10

摘要： A narrow gap electrolysis cell has anode and cathode compartments divided by an ionically-permeable separator, such as an ion-exchange membrane or a fibrous diaphragm, and a current feeder grid in electrical contact with a surface-activated particulate electrocatalytic material carried on a face of the separator. The particulate material has cores of a corrosion-resistant material preferably valve metal particles or sponge, or compounds thereof, as well as asbestos fibres and fibres of ion-exchange copolymeric perfluorocarbons, coated with a platinum-group metal catalyst in metal or oxide form. The surface-activated particles may be at least partly carried by a flexible electronically conductive foil between the current feeder grid and the separator.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP82 / 00236 Sec。 371日期1983年6月21日 102（e）日期1983年6月21日PCT提交1982年10月26日PCT公布。 公开号WO83 / 01630 日期：1983年5月11日。窄间隙电解槽具有由离子透过性分离器（例如离子交换膜或纤维隔膜）分隔的阳极和阴极隔室以及与表面活化颗粒电接触的电流馈电栅格 电催化材料承载在分离器的表面上。 颗粒材料具有防腐蚀材料的核心，优选为金属或海绵的金属或海绵，或其化合物，以及用金属或氧化物形式的铂族金属催化剂涂覆的离子交换共聚全氟化碳的石棉纤维和纤维。 表面活化的颗粒可以至少部分地由当前馈电栅格和分离器之间的柔性电子导电箔携带。

公开(公告)号：US4543174A

公开(公告)日：1985-09-24

申请号：US628533

申请日：1984-07-06

申请人： Henri B. Beer ,  Michael Katz ,  Jean M. Hinden

发明人： Henri B. Beer ,  Michael Katz ,  Jean M. Hinden

IPC分类号： C25B11/04 ,  C25C7/02 ,  C25B11/00 ,  C25C7/00

CPC分类号： C25B11/0484 ,  C25C7/02

摘要： A method of making a catalytic lead-based oxygen-evolving anode comprises catalytically activating titanium sponge particles larger than 300 microns by impregnating with a solution containing Mn and Ru compounds, in amounts corresponding to Mn/Ru in an atomic ratio between 70/30 and 90/10, and thermally converting the compounds to an electrocatalyst comprising Mn and Ru in oxide form. Catalytic Ti sponge particles with up to 3 wt % Ru are thus produced, which are then uniformly distributed on the surface of a lead anode base in an amount greater than 400 g/m.sup.2, pressed, and partly embedded, thereby firmly anchoring and electrically connecting them to the lead anode base. The catalytic lead-based anode thus produced operates with oxygen evolution on the catalytic particles at a reduced potential at which the lead base remains electrochemically inactive. It thereby operates with significant energy savings over an extended service life.

摘要翻译： 制备催化铅基放氧阳极的方法包括通过用含有Mn和Ru化合物的溶液浸渍而以大于300微米的钛海绵颗粒催化活化，其量相当于Mn / Ru，原子比为70/30和 90/10，并且将化合物热转化成包含氧化物形式的包含Mn和Ru的电催化剂。 因此产生具有高达3重量％Ru的催化钛海绵颗粒，然后将其均匀分布在铅阳极基底的表面上，其量大于400g / m 2，压制和部分嵌入，由此牢固地锚固和电连接 他们到铅阳极基地。 如此生产的催化性铅基阳极在催化剂颗粒上以降低的电位产生氧气而导致铅基保持电化学活性。 从而在延长的使用寿命期间显着节省能源。

公开(公告)号：US4535112A

公开(公告)日：1985-08-13

申请号：US534375

申请日：1983-09-21

申请人： G. Howard McCain ,  Leo L. Benezra ,  Craig E. Finch

发明人： G. Howard McCain ,  Leo L. Benezra ,  Craig E. Finch

IPC分类号： C08J5/22 ,  C08L27/18 ,  C09D127/12 ,  C25B13/00

CPC分类号： C25B13/00 ,  C08J5/2293 ,  C08L27/18 ,  C09D127/12 ,  C08J2327/18

摘要： A method for repairing perfluorocarbon copolymeric cation exchange membranes. A quantity of a perfluorocarbon copolymer having a desired pendant cation exchange functional group is partially solvated in a solvating dispersion media, applied to areas of the membrane to be repaired, and the dispersion media removed.

摘要翻译： 一种修复全氟化碳共聚阳离子交换膜的方法。 将一定量的具有所需侧挂阳离子交换官能团的全氟化碳共聚物在溶剂化分散介质中部分溶剂化，施加到要修复的膜的区域，并除去分散介质。

公开(公告)号：US4530441A

公开(公告)日：1985-07-23

申请号：US656826

申请日：1984-10-02

申请人： Thomas M. Miller ,  Raymond J. Schraff

发明人： Thomas M. Miller ,  Raymond J. Schraff

IPC分类号： F27D1/00 ,  F27D1/18 ,  B65D6/10

CPC分类号： F27D1/0013 ,  F27D1/1808

摘要： A lightweight cover provides heat insulation for a heated metal container, e.g., a ladle. The insulation cover is assembled in a manner providing for ease of repair plus simplicity of maintenance. The assembly has a frame member with depending guide means useful for straddling engagement with the container. Frame member impact assemblies provide resilient mounting of the cover on the container. Ceramic fiber insulation is placed within the frame and abuts upwardly against a roof over the insulation. The insulation is secured to the roof. Stiffeners above the roof connect with the frame member. The entire insulation cover assembly is most particularly useful for retarding radiant and conductive heat loss from the container.

公开(公告)号：US4528084A

公开(公告)日：1985-07-09

申请号：US507937

申请日：1983-06-23

申请人： Henri B. Beer ,  Jean M. Hinden

发明人： Henri B. Beer ,  Jean M. Hinden

IPC分类号： C25B11/04 ,  C25B11/08 ,  C25B11/10 ,  C25C7/02 ,  C25B11/00

CPC分类号： C25B11/0484 ,  C25C7/02

摘要： An electrode for use in electrolytic processes comprises a base of film-forming metal such as titanium with an operative outer electrocatalytic surface which is an integral surface film of a compound of the titanium base, usually the oxide, incorporating a platinum-group metal electrocatalyst, preferably iridium, rhodium, palladium and/or ruthenium as metal or oxide. The surface film is formed by the application of a dilute solution of a thermodecomposable iridium, rhodium and/or ruthenium compound containing an agent such as HCl which attacks the titanium base and converts metal from the base into ions which are converted to the compound in a subsequent heating step. The concentrations of this agent and of the thermodecomposable compound and the number of applied layers are such that during heating the electrocatalyst formed from the decomposed compound is incorporated fully in the surface film formed from the base. The base is usually in sheet form, but may also be a powder.

摘要翻译： 用于电解方法的电极包括钛的成膜金属的基底，其具有可操作的外部电催化表面，所述外部电催化表面是钛基的化合物的整体表面膜，通常是掺入铂族金属电催化剂的氧化物， 优选铱，铑，钯和/或钌作为金属或氧化物。 表面膜是通过使用含有诸如HCl的试剂（例如HCl）的可热分解的铱，铑和/或钌化合物的稀释溶液形成的，所述试剂可以将金属从碱中转化为离子，将其转化为化合物 后续加热步骤。 该试剂和热可分解化合物的浓度和施加层的数量使得在加热期间，由分解的化合物形成的电催化剂完全并入从由碱形成的表面膜中。 基底通常是片状，但也可以是粉末。

公开(公告)号：US4501803A

公开(公告)日：1985-02-26

申请号：US527184

申请日：1983-08-29

申请人： John G. Bannochie

发明人： John G. Bannochie

IPC分类号： H01M4/92 ,  C25B11/04 ,  C25C7/02 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M8/08 ,  H01M10/34 ,  H01M12/08 ,  C25F1/00 ,  H01M4/36

CPC分类号： H01M4/86 ,  C25B11/0473 ,  C25C7/02 ,  H01M10/345 ,  H01M8/08

摘要： A porous gas-diffusion electrode having a ruthenium electrocatalyst is conditioned for operation as a hydrogen consuming anode by connecting the electrode as a cathode in a suitable electrolyte until it drops below the reversible hydrogen potential and evolves hydrogen. Preferably, the electrode is contacted with a hydrogen atmosphere prior to or at the beginning of hydrogen evolution, and conditioning may be carried out in situ in a cell in which the electrode is to operate as hydrogen consuming anode.

摘要翻译： 具有钌电极催化剂的多孔气体扩散电极通过将电极作为阴极连接在适当的电解质中而调节为用作消耗氢的阳极，直到其降到低于可逆氢势并释放氢。 优选地，在氢析出之前或开始时，电极与氢气氛接触，并且调节可以在电极作为氢消耗阳极操作的电池中原位进行。

公开(公告)号：US07247229B2

公开(公告)日：2007-07-24

申请号：US10274321

申请日：2002-10-18

申请人： Kenneth I Hardee

发明人： Kenneth I Hardee

IPC分类号： C25B1/04 ,  C25B1/46 ,  C25B1/26 ,  C25C1/12 ,  C25C1/00 ,  C25D3/04 ,  C25D3/38 ,  C25D3/30 ,  C23F13/00 ,  C25B11/10 ,  C25C7/02 ,  C25D17/10

CPC分类号： C25B11/0478 ,  C23F13/12 ,  C25C7/02 ,  C25D17/10 ,  Y02E60/366

摘要： A process for electroplating of metal utilizing a valve metal electrode substrate containing multiple coating layers is disclosed. A top coating layer of a valve metal oxide is applied over a first coating layer of an electrochemically active coating. The electrode may find use in an electroplating system containing organic substituents in which the consumption of the organic substituent is significantly decreased or in systems where it is desirable to suppress the oxidation of a species in an electrochemical cell.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种利用包含多个涂层的阀金属电极基板的金属电镀工艺。 将阀金属氧化物的顶部涂层施加在电化学活性涂层的第一涂层上。 该电极可用于含有有机取代基的有机取代基的电镀系统中，其中有机取代基的消耗被显着降低，或者在需要抑制电化学电池中的物质氧化的体系中。

公开(公告)号：US20070134428A1

公开(公告)日：2007-06-14

申请号：US10553026

申请日：2004-05-07

申请人： Richard Carlson ,  Kenneth Hardee ,  Dino DiFranco ,  Michael Moats

发明人： Richard Carlson ,  Kenneth Hardee ,  Dino DiFranco ,  Michael Moats

IPC分类号： B05D3/10 ,  B05D1/36

CPC分类号： C25B11/0484 ,  C25B1/265 ,  Y10T428/12708 ,  Y10T428/12771 ,  Y10T428/12806

摘要： The present invention relates to an electrocatalytic coating and an electrode having the coating thereon, wherein the coating is a mixed metal oxide coating, preferably ruthenium, titanium and tin or antimony oxides. The coating uses water as a solvent that provides for a smoother surface than alcohol based solvents. The electrocatalytic coating can be used especially as an anode component of an electrolysis cell and in particular a cell for the electrolysis of aqueous chlor-alkali solutions.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及电催化涂层和其上具有涂层的电极，其中涂层是混合金属氧化物涂层，优选钌，钛和锡或氧化锑。 涂层使用水作为溶剂，其提供比醇基溶剂更光滑的表面。 电催化涂层可以特别用作电解槽的阳极组件，特别是用于电解氯碱水溶液的电池。

公开(公告)号：US06998029B2

公开(公告)日：2006-02-14

申请号：US10218368

申请日：2002-08-14

申请人： Kenneth L. Hardee ,  Michael S. Moats ,  Carl W. Brown, Jr. ,  Robert L. Wilhelm ,  Edward M. Halko ,  Zane A. Wade

发明人： Kenneth L. Hardee ,  Michael S. Moats ,  Carl W. Brown, Jr. ,  Robert L. Wilhelm ,  Edward M. Halko ,  Zane A. Wade

IPC分类号： C25B9/04

CPC分类号： C25C7/06 ,  C25C7/00

摘要： Various systems and methods for protecting electrowinning anodes having electrocatalytically active coatings in a bank of electrolytic cells from being damaged by reverse currents. In the first embodiment, one or more auxiliary power sources are provided that, when triggered by one or more predetermined conditions being met, keep the bank of electrolytic cells in an electrical state that is relatively harmless to the anodes having electrocatalytically active coatings. In a second embodiment, the invention is directed to a method of maintaining the polarization of anodes in an electrowinning cell positive of the cathodes (i.e. in a potential region where the anode coating is not susceptible to significant damage). In a final embodiment, the invention is directed to various methods for the installation of replacement anodes and maintenance of electrowinning cells.