摘要:
In order to determine a malfunction which results in the loss of torque reduction control, the engine speed and the torque converter characteristics are monitored when a torque down signal is issued. The maximum engine torque which should be produced under such circumstances is used to derive a corresponding maximum engine speed value. If the actual engine speed exceeds the estimated value, appropriate torque down control can be assumed to have been lost. In response a fail safe such as boosting line pressure to switching to an alternative source of torque control can implemented. A suitable warning signal can also be generated.
摘要:
In a drive system including a torque split type multi-cylinder internal combustion engine and an automatic transmission, the magnitude of line pressure for shifting operation is varied in accordance with the number of cylinders disabled by fuel-cut during the shifting operation.
摘要:
In an improved rotary ring winding device wherein a rotary ring member is rotatably supported by a bearing device secured to a ring rail, the bearing device is provided with a first annular magnetic member wherein an annular recess is formed. The rotary ring member is provided with a second annular magnetic member having an annular projected portion which is arranged in the annular recess of the first annular magnetic member with an air-gap therebetween. The first annular magnetic member is provided with at least an annular portion formed by an electric magnet, and the other portion of the first annular magnetic member and the second annular portion are formed by permanent magnets, wherein each annular portion of the first magnetic member and each annular portion of the second magnetic member, facing each other, are designed to have identical magnetic poles. Thus controlling the exciting current applied to the electric magnet, the rotary ring member can be rotatably supported in free condition by the bearing device, and a braking force can be applied on the free rotation of the rotary ring member by controlling the above-mentioned exciting current.
摘要:
A copper alloy having satisfactory pressability and a method of manufacturing this alloy. The alloy contains: 0.1 to 0.4% (weight %) of Fe, 0.05 to 0.20% of Ti, 0.003 to 0.10% of Mg, 0.5 to 1.5% of Sn, and 0.01 to 1.0% of any one or two or all of the elements Zn, Ni and Co, the rest consisting of Cu except for impurities. The method comprises the steps of: hot-working this alloy; cold-working and annealing the hot-worked alloy one or more times, batch-annealing it at least once at 400.degree. to 600.degree. C. for 30 to 600 minutes and keeping the final cold-working ratio at 60% or less; and performing low-temperature annealing of the alloy at a temperature of 250.degree. to 400.degree. C.
摘要:
Cockroach attractants comprising as an active ingredient an alkylphenol or an alkylphenylamine are provided. The cockroach attractants exhibit strong attracting activity, even when used alone, specifically for male cockroaches, with a good stationing effect. The activity does not go down even when the male and female cockroaches live together.
摘要:
A method of attracting Periplaneta americana L comprising positioning a composition comprising an attractant-ingestion stimulant in a location wherein it is desired to attract Periplaneta americana L, said stimulant comprising an amount of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of ar-.alpha.-tetralol, ar-.beta.-tetralol, ac-.alpha.-tetralol, .alpha.-naphthol, .beta.-naphthol and iristectorumin's alcohol effective to attract Periplaneta americana L.
摘要:
Normally, an air-fuel ratio is controlled in accordance with the engine speed and the intake air quantity of an internal combustion engine with a turbocharger. When the output pressure of the turbocharger increases excessively, an intake relief valve opens to decrease the intake air quantity. In this case, the fuel injection quantity is controlled solely in accordance with the engine speed.
摘要:
In order to mathematically detect the gear position of a vehicle transmission system, engine speed and vehicle speed are detected. A first reference level defined by a predetermined ratio of engine speed and vehicle speed is established for determining the gear position by a mathematical operation involving the sensed engine speed and the sensed vehicle speed and the reference level. The first reference level is shifted to a second reference level in accordance with the determined gear position, thereby preventing an erroneous determination of the gear position.
摘要:
A device for detecting the presence or absence of flame in a combustor and an oxygen density of room air used to operate the combustor. An ion current detecting sensor increases a flame ion current value in the combustor to an ion current value at which erroneous detection of the presence or absence of flame is prevented. A timer outputs a high level signal when combustion starts and starts a timer operation for holding the high level signal until the ion current is stabilized. Thereafter, the time outputs a low level signal which grounds a circuit to lower the flame presence or absence detecting ion current value detected by the sensor. A voltage comparator compares a flame presence or absence detecting ion-current developed voltage and a room air oxygen density detecting ion-current developed voltage with a predetermined reference voltage corresponding to a value at which both the presence or absence of flame and the oxygen density in the room can be detected to provide an output signal when the flame presence or absence detecting ion-current developed voltage or the room air oxygen density detecting iron-current developed voltage is larger than the reference voltage.
摘要:
An oxygen density detecting device for a combustor in which individual adjustment of reference levels for each combustor is not necessary. A memory device stores a reference ion current value from a sensor disposed in the combustor for a predetermined period of time extending from the time instant at which combustion breaks out in the combustor until the ion current has substantially stabilized. The oxygen density of the room air used by the combustor is determined by comparing the ion current value stored in the memory with ion current values which are successively provided by the sensing device. An output signal produced thereby is utilized to control circuit elements including a fuel supplying electromagnetic pump and a combustion air blower used for supplying room air into the combustor.