摘要:
A method for producing a lactam by using an organic solvent as a substrate solution, which makes it possible to introduce a high-concentration oxime into flowing high-temperature and high-pressure water, thereby allowing the high-concentration lactam to be synthesized with a high efficiency. With this method, the lactam is continuously synthesized at a high rate from the oxime under high-temperature and high-pressure water mixture conditions within a temperature range of no less than 250° C. and a pressure range of no less than 15 MPa.
摘要:
There is disclosed a synchronous circuit and a receiver in which a long code for use in communication can be determined in a short time, and circuit scale can be reduced. Upon receiving input of a data stop signal from a control unit, a matched filter continues to hold the signal held at the time, performs a product sum operation of a spreading code successively inputted from a spreading code generator and the held signal, and successively outputs correlation signals in the synchronous circuit and the receiver.
摘要:
A shift control system for an automatic transmission having an automatic shift mode in which a proper gear ratio is automatically selected according to a shift command based on a throttle valve opening and a vehicle speed, and further having a manual shift mode in which a gear ratio is selected according to a shift command given by driver's manual operation. The shift control system includes timer means for counting an elapsed time after a shift operation has been started. The elapsed time is compared with a predetermined first re-shift permission time in the case of automatic shift operation and with a predetermined second re-shift permission time in the case of manual shift operation. The first re-shift permission time and the second re-shift permission time are different from each other to optimize the shift control both in the automatic shift mode and in the manual shift mode.
摘要:
An ink jet recording head has a plurality of discharge energy generating devices for discharging recording liquid, while being provided with a recording element base plate arranged on the face opposite to the surface where the devices are arranged, having a plurality of recording liquid supply ports for supplying recording liquid to the devices, as well as with a supporting member that holds and fixes the recording element base plate. For the supporting member, a plurality of recording liquid supply paths are arranged to supply recording liquid to each of the supply ports of the recording element base plate, respectively, and then, the flow path width of each supply flow path is formed to be smaller than the opening width of inlet portion of each supply port. Further, the steps to be created between the supply flow path and the supply port is buried by the bonding agent forced out from the bonding face of the recording element base plate and the supporting member. With the structure thus arranged, the ink jet recording head is capable of optimizing the discharge characteristics of recording liquid and the supply characteristics thereof, as well as the positioning precision of a recording element base plate to a supporting member.
摘要:
A magnetic pump having an internal magnet that is caused to rotate from outside its housing in order to cause rotation of the impeller. In a magnetic coupling structure in which an inner magnet disposed on an impeller is accommodated in a cylindrical accommodating portion of the housing, the outer circumferential surface of this accommodating portion is loosely inserted into the inner circumferential surface of a cylindrical outer magnet which is supported on its outer circumferential surface by a magnet cup body, and which rotates together with this magnet cup body, and the impeller rotates in accordance with the rotation of the outer magnet, and a cylindrical covering member which covers the inner circumferential surface of the abovementioned outer magnet is mounted on the outer magnet.
摘要:
A control system for controlling operation of a pre-charge system of an automatic transmission. The control system comprises a first section which receives first and second gear change instructions which are issued in succession. The first and second gear change instructions are of a type of needing an engaged condition of a same friction element. The control system further comprises a second section which, when the second gear change instruction is issued during a pre-charge period of the friction element which is needed by the first gear change instruction, extends the pre-charge period of the friction element to a time when a pre-charge period needed by the second gear change instruction lapses.
摘要:
In an automatic transmission performing change-over of a first engaging element and a second engaging element between two gear positions, for example between the fourth gear and the fifth gear, an oil pressure command value A to one of these two engaging elements is retained as a current value “a” and an oil pressure command value B to the other of these two engaging elements is retained as a current value “b” and at the same time the calculation of a calculation value of a downshift form the fifth gear is started when a target gear position changes to the fourth gear or lower during upshift between the two gear positions. When downshift calculation values Ad, Bd reach the retained values “a”, “b”, the oil pressure command values A, B are switched to the downshift calculation values. Thereby, a timing for performing the change-over of respective engaging elements is properly achieved, and a downshift to the fourth gear can be promptly performed before the upshift is not finished, and shift shock and engine racing can be prevented.
摘要:
A seal plate partitions a sectorial space which houses a vane and a circumferential groove which houses a torsion spring, so that the sectorial space is formed to prevent the communication between an advance angle pressure chamber and a retard angle pressure chamber regardless of the space of the circumferential groove. As a result, by setting the inner diameter of the vane smaller than the outer diameter of the torsion spring, the outer diameter of the vane can be made relatively small without lowering the engine performance. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the actuator in size without lowering the engine performance, to reduce the weight of a valve timing adjusting device and to obtain a mounting space easily for mounting the valve timing adjusting device on the engine.
摘要:
A stopper piston is fitted into a fitting hole when a vane rotor is located at an approximately intermediate position between a most retard position and a most advance position with respect to a shoe housing. When the stopper piston is fitted into the fitting hole, a relative rotation of the vane rotor with respect to the shoe housing is restrained. When the stopper piston rotates to an advance side with respect to the shoe housing over the intermediate position at which the stopper piston is fitted into the fitting hole, a damper chamber communicates with an advance oil pressure chamber through a through hole, an oil passage and a recess space. When the vane rotor rotates to a retard side including the intermediate position, the damper chamber is sealed hermetically, and therefore the moving speed of the stopper piston toward the fitting hole decreases.
摘要:
An ink container for containing ink to be supplied to a recording head includes a main body, an ink absorbing material accommodated in the main body to contain the ink, a connecting portion relative to a supply tube of the recording head for supplying ink to the recording head, and a refilling connection at a position different from that of the connecting portion for refilling the ink. An ink absorption member is provided at the refilling connection portion, the ink absorption member having a bundle of fibers and a capillary force higher than that of the ink absorbing material. In an ink jet recording apparatus usable with such an ink container, a refilling mechanism is provided to fill the ink into the refilling connection portion, the refilling mechanism including an ink chamber for containing ink and an ink discharge member of porous material for press-contactedly supplying ink to the ink absorption member. In preferred embodiments, the ink absorption member has a capillary force higher than that of the ink absorbing material, and the ink discharge member has a density smaller than that of the ink absorption member.