Abstract:
N stages of BCD adders receive as a first addend BCD encoded information representing a desired frequency. They receive as a second addend the outputs of N stages of four-bit registers. The summing outputs of the adders are input data for the registers. The data is clocked into the register by a stable frequency source. The outputs from a plurality of the most significant stages of the registers are used to address a ROM. Using the periodically changing BCD address, a sinusoidal function is retrieved in individual samples from the ROM. Digital data from the ROM is converted to analog. A low pass filter enhances the desired frequency and suitably attenuates higher frequencies. An equalizer compensates for power roll-off.
Abstract:
In an electronic organ the actuation of keys in accordance with corresponding audible tones to be reproduced effects the gating of pulses into time slots of a time division multiplexed signal, the time slots of the multiplexed signal being structured in accordance with a desired assignment sequence to correspond to the keys and to be representative thereof for identifying each note capable of being generated by the organ. A set of note, or tone, generators with availability assignment control means for capturing a pulse in the multiplexed signal are each rendered responsive to a given captured pulse for generating the tone represented by that pulse. The appropriate tone is generated digitally in the form of amplitude samples of a waveform stored in a memory, and the amplitude samples are subsequently subjected to digital-to-analog conversion for ultimate production of the audible output of the organ. Attack and decay of the tone waveform envelope are simulated by appropriately scaling the amplitude samples at the leading and trailing portions of the waveform envelope. An adaptive sustain operating mode is provided by which the length of decay is varied according to the availability of tone generators where the number of tone generators is limited.
Abstract:
In an electric organ, the actuation of keys in accordance with corresponding, audible tones to be reproduced effects the gating of pulses into time slots of a time division multiplex signal, the time slots of the multiplex signal being structured in accordance with a desired assignment sequence to correspond to the keys and to be representative thereof for identifying each note capable of being generated by the organ. A set of note, or tone, generators with availability assignment control means for capturing a pulse in the multiplex signal are each rendered responsive to a given captured pulse for generating the tone represented by that pulse. A second multiplex system having time slot pulse assignments additionally provides for generation of a time division multiplex signal for control of voices and other characteristics to be imparted to the reproduced tones.
Abstract:
A DDS circuit includes a phase accumulator circuit. The phase accumulator circuit includes a clock input being configured to receive a clock signal. The phase accumulator circuit includes a frequency tuning register configured to receive a frequency tuning word (FTW), and a phase shift register configured to receive a phase shift word (PSW). The phase accumulator circuit also includes a phase increment sub-circuit configured to increment a phase signal output by the phase accumulator circuit by a predetermined phase increment based on the clock signal and/or based on the FTW. The phase accumulator circuit further includes a feedback path configured to feed back the phase signal to the phase increment sub-circuit. The phase accumulator circuit further includes a phase correction sub-circuit configured to adapt the phase signal fed back to the phase increment sub-circuit based on the phase shift word.
Abstract:
A method, device and/or system for generating arbitrary waveforms of a desired shape that can be used for generating a stimulation pulse for medical purposes such as for spinal cord stimulation therapy.
Abstract:
Provided are, among other things, systems, apparatuses methods and techniques for generating discrete-time sinusoidal sequences. One such apparatus includes a plurality of parallel processing branches, with each of the parallel processing branches operating at a subsampled rate and utilizing a recursive filter to generate sub-rate samples which represent a different subsampling phase of a complete signal that is output by the apparatus.
Abstract:
Systems and methods for a split phase accumulator having a plurality of sub phase accumulators are provided. Each sub phase accumulator receives a portion of a frequency control word. The first sub phase accumulator includes a first register and the remaining sub phase accumulators include a register and an overflow register. At each discrete point in time, the first sub phase accumulator is configured to be responsive to the first portion of the frequency control word at that discrete point in time and to the first sub phase accumulator value at the immediately previous discrete point in time, and each of the remaining sub phase accumulators is configured to be responsive to a value of its corresponding portion of the frequency control word at that discrete point in time and to the same second sub phase accumulator value at the immediately previous discrete point in time.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a signal generator for producing periodic signals for a measuring apparatus (1) of automation technology, wherein the signals have sequential, discrete signal frequencies, which lie within a predetermined frequency range, a control- and/or computing unit (4), a clock signal producer (6), wherein the clock signal producer (6) provides a constant sampling frequency, which is greater than the maximum discrete signal frequency in the predetermined frequency range, a memory unit (7), in which for each of the discrete signal frequencies the amplitude values of the corresponding periodic signals are stored or storable as a function of the sampling frequency, wherein the control- and/or computing unit (4) reads out the stored or storable amplitude values of the discrete frequencies successively with the sampling frequency of the clock (6) from the memory unit (7) and produces the periodic signals or forwards for producing, and a static filter unit (12) with a limit frequency, which lies above the maximum signal frequency and which removes frequency fractions caused by the sampling.
Abstract:
Systems and methods for a split phase accumulator having a plurality of sub phase accumulators are provided, Each sub phase accumulator receives a portion of a frequency control word. The first sub phase accumulator includes a first register and the remaining sub phase accumulators include a register and an overflow register. At each discrete point in time, the first sub phase accumulator is configured to be responsive to the first portion of the frequency control word at that discrete point in time and to the first sub phase accumulator value at the immediately previous discrete point in time, and each of the remaining sub phase accumulators is configured to be responsive to a value of its corresponding portion of the frequency control word at that discrete point in time and to the same second sub phase accumulator value at the immediately previous discrete point in time.
Abstract:
A sine wave generator for a Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS) converts a digital phase input into a digital sine wave output. Sine values and slopes are stored in read-only memory (ROM) for coarse upper phase bits in a first quadrant. A quadrant folder and phase splitter reflects and inverts values from the first quadrant to generate amplitudes for all four quadrants. Each sine value and slope is stored for a range of lower phase bits. A Delta bit separates upper and lower phase bits. Delta conditionally inverts the lower phase bits, the sine value, and the final polarity. A reduced AND logic array multiplies the slope by the conditionally inverted lower phase bits. A reconstructed ADD logic array then adds the conditionally inverted sine value. The conditionally inverted polarity is added to generate the final sine value. Sine generation logic is streamlined with conditional inversion based on the Delta bit.