摘要:
Disclosed are a process for the production of solid solution single crystals of KTiOPO.sub.4 wherein a part or all of at least one of the elements, K, Ti and P is substituted with one or more other elements, which comprises moving a grown part(s) of crystal(s) to outside of a melt for the crystal growth while maintaining contact of a growing part(s) of the crystal(s) with said melt to obtain the above solid solution single crystals, wherein the moving is carried out while maintaining the temperature of the melt substantially constant and maintaining said melt at a substantially constant composition at which the solid solution single crystal(s) with the desired composition is precipitated at the above maintained temperature and a solid solution single crystal of KTiOPO4 wherein a part or all of at least one of the elements, K, Ti and P is substituted with one or more other elements and its composition is substantially homogeneous within its cubic portions of a side length of 1 cm.
摘要:
A cooling system for cooling the upper and lower clampers of a wire bonding apparatus which hold a tab tape in between including a fluid passage formed inside the upper clamper so that air or water which is supplied and flowing inside the fluid passage cools the upper clamper. The system further includes air pipes underneath the lower clamper so that air is blown out of the air pipes onto the lower clamper.
摘要:
A bonding apparatus for semiconductor devices, etc., including a bonding stage which places chips, etc. thereon, a bonding tool which press-bonds leads to the chips, etc., and a wire brush which is next to the bonding stage so as to clean the bonding tool. The wire brush is attached to the upper surface of a brush-rotating plate which is rotatable about its axis, and the brush-rotating plate is rotary-driven by a motor. A complete cleaning of all the side surfaces as well as the undersurface of the bonding tool is accomplished by bringing the bonding tool into contact with portions of the wire brush which are off the center of the rotating wire brush.
摘要:
A heat-resistant ferritic cast steel having excellent thermal fatigue resistance, consisting, by weight, of 0.25 to 0.45% C, 0.3 to 2.0% Si, not more than 1.0% Mn, 17 to 22% Cr, at least one kind selected from the group consisting of not more than 6% Co and not more than 1.5% Ni, the amount of % Co+3 % Ni being in the range of 1 to 6%, 0.006 to 0.1% of at least one kind selected from the group consisting of Y and rare earth elements, and the balance Fe and incidental impurities, the ferritic cast steel being composed of a structure in which .alpha. ferrite and M.sub.23 C.sub.6 carbide are dispersed in .delta. ferrite. With this specific composition, even at high temperatures, there can be maintained the structure which has the .alpha. ferrite and the M.sub.23 C.sub.6 dispersed in the .delta. ferrite, with the result that there is obtained an excellent thermal fatigue resistance, and in this structure, the transformation under heating will not occur even at a temperature of about 1,000.degree. C. The steel of the present invention is particularly suited for a turbo rotor casing, an exhaust manifold, etc., of an automobile.
摘要:
A single-lens reflex camera with a flash unit built into the camera body above the viewing pentaprism. The unit is movable from an operating position to a non-operating position, preferably enclosed in the camera body. The built-in flash unit may be automatically closed by inserting an external flash in a flash shoe. A display panel may be included on the top of the flash unit housing.
摘要:
The surface acoustic wave transducer in accordance with the present invention comprises a piezo-electric substrate, and a first type electrode-strips set which generates an electric reflection alone with no acoustic reflection and a second type electrode-strips set which generates both of an electric reflection and an acoustic reflection, both types being formed on the piezo-electric substrate. The first type electrode-strips set is formed by electrode strips with approximate width of 1/8 of the wavelength of the surface acoustic wave, while the second type electrode-strips set is formed by electrode strips with approximate width of 1/8 and approximate width of 3/8 of the wavelength of the surface acoustic wave.
摘要:
A double ranging drum cutter for long wall type machines for coal extraction is disclosed, which comprises a drum cutter body, a television camera mounted on the drum cutter body for picking up an image of a coal layer cutting portion of a lower bedrock being cut by a cutter drum, a television camera mounted on the drum cutter body for picking up an image of a coal layer cutting portion of an upper bedrock being cut by a cutter drum, and a video image processing unit mounted on the drum cutter body and connected to the television cameras, whereby the boundary between a coal layer and bedrock can be readily judged to permit extraction of much coal without cutting much bedrock and also the ratio of the area of a bedrock to the area of a coal layer in a portion of the bedrock being cut can be readily detected.
摘要:
An electromagnetically actuated shutter for a camera wherein automatic focusing and exposing operation are controlled by means of a single reversible stepping motor.
摘要:
A camera shutter utilizes a single photoelectric element in conjunction with a shutter control circuit for controlling the automatic exposure operation of the shutter in dependence on the integrated value of the ambient light received from an object field being photographed, and a flash control circuit for controlling the timing and duration of the flash in dependence on the total integrated value of the ambient light and flashlight received from the object field. The shutter control circuit effects control of the shutter operation before operation of the flash control circuit so that the automatic exposure operation and the flash operation are carried out in series. By such an arrangement, the flash system is operated within the time lag which occurs between the production of a shutter closing signal and the actual start of the shutter closing operation.
摘要:
An optical character reading system in which a sheet upon which characters or symbols are printed is illuminated and the characters scanned with a two-dimensional photoelectric sensor. Output signals from the sensors are processed to read the characters through right and left frame detecting circuits. The right and left frame detecting circuits detect white/black patterns of frames formed on the sensor when the left and right sides of the characters extend beyond the ends of the ranges of the sensor. A circuit combines the white/black patterns detected by the right and left frame detecting circuits to provide a recognition of the characters being scanned.