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    Method and apparatus for detecting radiation
    121.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for detecting radiation 失效
    用于检测辐射的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US06934030B2

    公开(公告)日：2005-08-23

    申请号：US10322294

    申请日：2002-12-18

    申请人： Serge Luryi ,  Vera Gorfinkel ,  Mikhail Gouzman

    发明人： Serge Luryi ,  Vera Gorfinkel ,  Mikhail Gouzman

    IPC分类号： G01N21/64 ,  G01N23/223 ,  G01N27/447 ,  G01N21/00

    CPC分类号： G01N21/645 ,  G01N23/223 ,  G01N27/44721 ,  G01N2223/076

    摘要： In analyzing radiation from a sample, single-quanta counting can be used to advantage especially at low levels of radiation energy, e.g. in the detection of fluorescent radiation. Preferred detection techniques include methods in which (i) fluorescence-stimulating radiation is intensity-modulated in accordance with a preselected code, (ii) wherein it is the fluorescent radiation which is intensity-modulated with the preselected code, and (iii) wherein modulation with a preselected code is applied to a sample to influence a property which functionally affects emitted fluorescent radiation. For registration of the signals from a sensing element of a single-photon detector, time of arrival is recorded, optionally in conjunction with registration of time intervals. Advantageously, in the interest of minimizing the number of pulses missed due to close temporal spacing of pulses, D-triggers can be included in counting circuitry.

    摘要翻译： 在分析来自样品的辐射时，可以使用单量子计数，特别是在低水平的辐射能量下，例如， 在检测荧光辐射。 优选的检测技术包括其中（i）荧光刺激辐射根据预选代码进行强度调制的方法，（ii）其中是用预选代码强度调制的荧光辐射，和（iii）其中调制 将预选的代码应用于样品以影响功能上影响发射的荧光辐射的性质。 为了登记来自单光子检测器的感测元件的信号，记录到达时间，可选地与时间间隔的配准结合。 有利地，为了最小化由于脉冲的紧密时间间隔而丢失的脉冲数，D触发可以包括在计数电路中。

    Method for decreasing low density lipoprotein
    123.
    发明授权
    Method for decreasing low density lipoprotein 失效
    降低低密度脂蛋白的方法

    公开(公告)号：US06841547B2

    公开(公告)日：2005-01-11

    申请号：US10377088

    申请日：2003-02-28

    申请人： David Brown ,  Lorne M. Golub ,  Hsi-Ming Lee ,  Robert Greenwald ,  Maria Ryan ,  Kavita Desai

    发明人： David Brown ,  Lorne M. Golub ,  Hsi-Ming Lee ,  Robert Greenwald ,  Maria Ryan ,  Kavita Desai

    IPC分类号： A61K31/65

    CPC分类号： A61K31/65

    摘要： The present invention relates to a method for decreasing elevated serum/plasma LDL-cholesterol levels or LDL-cholesterol levels and CRP levels in a mammal in need thereof. The methods comprises administering an effective amount of a tetracycline formulation. In one embodiment, the tetracycline formulation is a non-antibacterial tetracycline. In another embodiment, the tetracycline formulation is an antibacterial tetracycline at a sub-antibacterial amount.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及降低有需要的哺乳动物中升高的血清/血浆LDL-胆固醇水平或LDL-胆固醇水平和CRP水平的方法。 所述方法包括施用有效量的四环素制剂。 在一个实施方案中，四环素制剂是非抗菌四环素。 在另一个实施方案中，四环素制剂是亚抗菌量的抗菌四环素。

    Unified multiplier triple-expansion scheme and extra regular compact low-power implementations with borrow parallel counter circuits
    124.
    发明申请
    Unified multiplier triple-expansion scheme and extra regular compact low-power implementations with borrow parallel counter circuits 审中-公开
    具有借位并行计数器电路的统一乘法器三重扩展方案和额外的常规紧凑型低功耗实现

    公开(公告)号：US20040172439A1

    公开(公告)日：2004-09-02

    申请号：US10728485

    申请日：2003-12-05

    申请人： THE RESEARCH FOUNDATION OF STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK

    发明人： Rong Lin

    IPC分类号： G06F007/52

    CPC分类号： G06F7/5324 ,  G06F7/607 ,  G06F11/2226 ,  G06F2207/3832 ,  G06F2207/4816

    摘要： A unified, extra regular, complexity-effective, high-performance multiplier construction method. The method is applicable to a whole spectrum of nnulln-b pipelined or non-pipelined multipliers for 10nullnnull81, with no more than two levels of tripling process for each construction. The method includes a library containing 3-b to 9-b borrow parallel small multipliers, used for compact, low-power implementation. The multipliers are developed based on the novel counter circuitry, called borrow parallel counter, which utilizes 4-b 1-hot encoded signals and borrow bits, i.e., bits weighted 2. Exampled by a 54null54-b (bit) multiplier, the method allows large multipliers to be generated from smaller multipliers, tripling the size in each expansion (6null6-b to 18null18-b to 54null54-b). This significantly reduces the complexity of state of the art designs and achieves full self-testability without sacrificing high-performance.

    摘要翻译： 统一的，额外的规则，复杂性，高性能的倍增器施工方法。 该方法适用于10 <= n <= 81的nxn-b流水线或非流水线乘法器的整个频谱，每个结构不超过两个级别的三倍制程。 该方法包括一个包含3-b到9-b借位并行小乘法器的库，用于紧凑，低功耗的实现。 乘法器基于新型的计数器电路开发，称为借位并行计数器，其利用4-b 1热编码信号和借位，即加权的位2.由54×54-b（位）乘法器示例，该方法允许 要从较小的乘数产生大的乘数，将每个扩展中的大小增加三倍（6×6-b至18×18-b至54×54-b）。 这显着降低了现有技术设计的复杂性，并且在不牺牲高性能的情况下实现了完全自我检测。

    Method for low-temperature organic chemical vapor deposition of tungsten nitride, tungsten nitride films and tungsten nitride diffusion barriers for computer interconnect metallization
    127.
    发明申请
    Method for low-temperature organic chemical vapor deposition of tungsten nitride, tungsten nitride films and tungsten nitride diffusion barriers for computer interconnect metallization 有权
    用于计算机互连金属化的氮化钨，氮化钨膜和氮化钨扩散阻挡层的低温有机化学气相沉积方法

    公开(公告)号：US20030198587A1

    公开(公告)日：2003-10-23

    申请号：US10425823

    申请日：2003-04-28

    申请人： Gelest, Inc. ,  The Research Foundation of State University of New York

    发明人： Alain E. Kaloyeros ,  Barry C. Arkles

    IPC分类号： C23C016/34 ,  C01B021/06

    CPC分类号： C01B21/062 ,  C01P2002/72 ,  C01P2002/77 ,  C01P2004/03 ,  C01P2004/04 ,  C01P2006/10 ,  C01P2006/40 ,  C23C16/34

    摘要： Processes for producing tungsten nitride and tungsten nitride films are provided in which a tungsten carbonyl compound and a nitrogen-containing reactant gas are reacted at a temperature below about 600null C. Tungsten nitride precursors are also included which comprise a tungsten carbonyl compound capable of forming a tungsten nitride film in the presence of a nitrogen-containing reactant gas at a temperature of less than about 600null C. A process for forming a film by atomic layer deposition is also provided which includes introducing into a substrate having a surface into a deposition chamber and heating the substrate to a temperature sufficient to allow adsorption of a tungsten source precursor or an intermediate of a tungsten source precursor, introducing a tungsten source precursor into the deposition chamber by pulsing for a period of time sufficient to form a self-limiting monolayer of the source precursor or an intermediate of the tungsten source precursor intermediate, introducing an inert gas into the deposition chamber by pulsing the inert gas to purge the deposition to remove the tungsten nitride precursor in the gas phase, introducing a nitrogen-containing gas into the deposition chamber by pulsing to react with the adsorbed precursor monolayer on the substrate surface and to form a first tungsten nitride atomic layer on the substrate surface. An inert gas may then introduced into the deposition chamber for a period of time sufficient to remove the unreacted nitrogen-containing gas and reaction byproducts from the deposition chamber. The entire pulsing sequence including precursor, inert gas, nitrogen-containing gas may be repeated until a film with a desired thickness is achieved.

    摘要翻译： 提供了用于生产氮化钨和氮化钨膜的方法，其中在低于约600℃的温度下使羰基羰基化合物和含氮反应气体反应。还包括含氮化钨前体，其包含能够形成的羰基羰基化合物 在低于约600℃的温度下在含氮反应物气体存在下的氮化钨膜。还提供了通过原子层沉积形成膜的方法，其包括将具有表面的基板引入沉积物 并且将衬底加热到​​足以允许钨源前体或钨源前体的吸附的温度，通过脉冲将钨源前体引入沉积室足以形成自限制单层的时间 的源前体或钨源前体中间体的中间体 通过脉冲惰性气体吹扫沉积物以除去气相中的氮化钨前体而将惰性气体引入沉积室，通过脉冲将含氮气体引入沉积室中以与衬底上的吸附的前体单层反应 并在衬底表面上形成第一氮化钨原子层。 然后可以将惰性气体引入沉积室中足以从沉积室除去未反应的含氮气体和反应副产物的时间。 可以重复包括前体，惰性气体，含氮气体的整个脉冲序列，直到实现具有所需厚度的膜。

    Method for identifying and synthesizing high dielectric constant perovskites
    128.
    发明申请
    Method for identifying and synthesizing high dielectric constant perovskites 审中-公开
    识别和合成高介电常数钙钛矿的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20030138372A1

    公开(公告)日：2003-07-24

    申请号：US10185432

    申请日：2002-06-28

    申请人： The Research Foundation of State University of New York

    发明人： Jonh B. Parise ,  Patrick M. Woodward ,  Jae-Hyun Park

    IPC分类号： C01B019/00 ,  G06G007/48 ,  G06G007/58

    CPC分类号： C01G23/002 ,  C01B13/14 ,  C01G19/006 ,  C01P2002/34 ,  C01P2002/72 ,  C01P2002/76 ,  C01P2002/77 ,  C01P2006/40

    摘要： A method for forming stable structures which includes identifying compositions having a high probability of forming stable structures using predictive modeling and synthesizing the compositions under high pressure and high temperature conditions to form the stable structures. Preferred stable structures are perovskites having a three-dimensional framework of corner-linked MX6 octahedra. The predictive modeling allows evaluation of structural stabilities of given compositions while providing hypothetical molar volumes. It also estimates the molecular polarizability of the compositions from the atomic polarizabilities of its constituent ions. The predictive modeling also calculates the relative dielectric constant of the stable structures using the Clausius-Mossotti relationship and selects compositions having combinations of ions with complimentary ionic radii and bonding preferences. The synthesis of the identified compositions is carried out using high temperature and high pressure techniques to induce a structural transition of the composition to a denser phase.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于形成稳定结构的方法，其包括使用预测建模识别形成稳定结构的高概率的组合物，并在高压和高温条件下合成组合物以形成稳定的结构。 优选的稳定结构是具有角连接的MX6八面体三维骨架的钙钛矿。 预测模型允许评估给定组合物的结构稳定性，同时提供假设的摩尔体积。 它还从其组成离子的原子极化率估计组合物的分子极化率。 预测建模还使用克劳修斯 - 莫索蒂关系计算稳定结构的相对介电常数，并选择具有互补离子半径和键合偏好的离子组合的组合物。 使用高温和高压技术进行鉴定的组合物的合成，以诱导组合物向较致密相的结构转变。

    Method and apparatus for detecting radiation
    129.
    发明申请
    Method and apparatus for detecting radiation 失效

    公开(公告)号：US20030123883A1

    公开(公告)日：2003-07-03

    申请号：US10322293

    申请日：2002-12-18

    申请人： The Research Foundation of State University of New York

    发明人： Serge Luryi ,  Vera Gorfinkel ,  Mikhail Gouzman

    IPC分类号： H04B010/10

    CPC分类号： G01N21/64

    摘要： In analyzing radiation from a sample, single-quanta counting can be used to advantage especially at low levels of radiation energy, e.g. in the detection of fluorescent radiation. Preferred detection techniques include methods in which (i) fluorescence-stimulating radiation is intensity-modulated in accordance with a preselected code, (ii) wherein it is the fluorescent radiation which is intensity-modulated with the preselected code, and (iii) wherein modulation with a preselected code is applied to a sample to influence a property which functionally affects emitted fluorescent radiation. For registration of the signals from a sensing element of a single-photon detector, time of arrival is recorded, optionally in conjunction with registration of time intervals. Advantageously, in the interest of minimizing the number of pulses missed due to close temporal spacing of pulses, D-triggers can be included in counting circuitry.

    Method and apparatus for detecting radiation
    130.
    发明申请
    Method and apparatus for detecting radiation 失效

    公开(公告)号：US20030095893A1

    公开(公告)日：2003-05-22

    申请号：US10322304

    申请日：2002-12-18

    申请人： The Research Foundation of State University of New York

    发明人： Serge Luryi ,  Vera Gorfinkel ,  Mikhail Gouzman

    IPC分类号： G01N021/76

    CPC分类号： G01N21/64

    摘要： In analyzing radiation from a sample, single-quanta counting can be used to advantage especially at low levels of radiation energy, e.g. in the detection of fluorescent radiation. Preferred detection techniques include methods in which (i) fluorescence-stimulating radiation is intensity-modulated in accordance with a preselected code, (ii) wherein it is the fluorescent radiation which is intensity-modulated with the preselected code, and (iii) wherein modulation with a preselected code is applied to a sample to influence a property which functionally affects emitted fluorescent radiation. For registration of the signals from a sensing element of a single-photon detector, time of arrival is recorded, optionally in conjunction with registration of time intervals. Advantageously, in the interest of minimizing the number of pulses missed due to close temporal spacing of pulses, D-triggers can be included in counting circuitry.