Abstract:
A semiconductor assembly is described in which a support element is constructed on a surface of a semiconductor lamina. Following formation of the thin lamina, which may have a thickness about 50 microns or less, the support element is formed, for example by plating, or by application of a precursor and curing in situ, resulting in a support element which may be, for example, metal, ceramic, polymer, etc. This is in contrast to pre-formed support element which is affixed to the lamina following its formation, or to a donor wafer from which the lamina is subsequently cleaved.Fabricating the support element in situ may avoid the use of adhesives to attach the lamina to a permanent support element. In some embodiments, this process flow allows the lamina to be annealed at high temperature, then to have an amorphous silicon layer formed on each face of the lamina following that anneal.
Abstract:
A double-effective vaccine vector against foot-and-mouth disease virus having a bicistronic expression vector sequence, the bicistronic expression vector sequence is an antisense gene sequence capable of conjugating with 5′ UTR of RNA of the foot-and-mouth disease virus genome and an intact sequence of VP1 structural protein gene of the foot-and-mouth disease virus. Animal experiments show that the vaccine vector provides double effects in terms of gene therapy and gene immunization for the prevention and treatment of foot-and-mouth disease in animals. Also provided are construction methods and methods of use of the vaccine vector.
Abstract:
A light amplifying device for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy is disclosed herein. The device includes a dielectric layer having two opposed surfaces. A refractive index of the dielectric layer is higher than a refractive index of a material or environment directly adjacent thereto. At least one opening is formed in one of the two opposed surfaces of the dielectric layer, and at least one nano-antenna is established on the one of the two opposed surfaces of the dielectric layer. A gain region is positioned in the dielectric layer or adjacent to another of the two opposed surfaces of the dielectric layer.
Abstract:
A semiconductor assembly is described in which a support element is constructed on a surface of a semiconductor lamina. Following formation of the thin lamina, which may have a thickness about 50 microns or less, the support element is formed, for example by plating, or by application of a precursor and curing in situ, resulting in a support element which may be, for example, metal, ceramic, polymer, etc. This is in contrast to a rigid or semi-rigid pre-formed support element which is affixed to the lamina following its formation, or to a donor wafer from which the lamina is subsequently cleaved. Fabricating the support element in situ may avoid the use of adhesives to attach the lamina to a permanent support element; such adhesives may be unable to tolerate processing temperatures and conditions required to complete the device. In some embodiments, this process flow allows the lamina to be annealed at high temperature, then to have an amorphous silicon layer formed on each face of the lamina following that anneal. A device may be formed which comprises the lamina, such as a photovoltaic cell.
Abstract:
An optical device for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy includes a substrate, and at least one antenna established thereon. The at least one antenna including at least two segments, where each segment is formed of a metal having a predetermined volume and a predetermined contact angle with respect to the substrate. A gap is located between the two segments. The gap has a controllable size such that the at least one antenna resonates at a predetermined frequency that corresponds with the gap.
Abstract:
An apparatus for detecting at least one species using Raman light detection includes at least one laser source for illuminating a sample containing the at least one species. The apparatus also includes a modulating element for modulating a spatial relationship between the sample and the light beams to cause relative positions of the sample and the light beams to be oscillated, in which Raman light at differing intensity levels are configured to be emitted from the at least one species based upon the different wavelengths of the light beams illuminating the sample. The apparatus also includes a Raman light detector and a post-signal processing unit configured to detect the at least one species.
Abstract:
An apparatus for detecting at least one molecule using Raman light detection includes a substrate for supporting a sample containing the at least one molecule, a laser source for emitting a laser beam to cause Raman light emission from the at least one molecule, a modulating element for modulating a spatial relationship between the laser beam and the substrate at an identified frequency to cause the Raman light to be emitted from the at least one molecule at the identified frequency, at least one detector for detecting the Raman light emitted from the at least one molecule, and a post-signal processing unit configured to process the detected Raman light emission at the identified frequency to detect the at least one molecule.
Abstract:
A type and polarization selective device for Raman spectroscopy includes a set of at least two antennas and a gap at their intersection. First antenna geometry is such that it is configured to resonate, for first or second (different from the first) polarization, at a predetermined stimulation frequency of a material for which Raman scattering is to be studied, or at a Stokes or anti-Stokes frequency corresponding with the material when excited at stimulation frequency. Second antenna geometry is such that it is configured to resonate, for the other of second or first polarization, at the Stokes frequency when the first antenna is configured to resonate at the stimulation or anti-Stokes frequency, or at the anti-Stokes frequency when the first antenna is configured to resonate at the stimulation or Stokes frequency, or at the stimulation frequency when the first antenna is configured to resonate at the Stokes or anti-Stokes frequency.
Abstract:
A structure for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy is disclosed herein. A substrate has a stack configured vertically thereon. The stack encompasses at least two metal layers and at least one dielectric layer therebetween. Each layer of the stack has a controlled thickness, and each of the at least two metal layers is configured to exhibit a predetermined characteristic of plasmonic resonance.
Abstract:
Certain embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method of programming nanowire-to-conductive element electrical connections. The method comprises: providing a substrate including a number of conductive elements overlaid with a first layer of nanowires, at least some of the conductive elements electrically coupled to more than one of the nanowires through individual switching junctions, each of the switching junctions configured in either a low-conductance state or a high-conductance state; and switching a portion of the switching junctions from the low-conductance state to the high-conductance state or the high-conductance state to the low-conductance state so that individual nanowires of the first layer of nanowires are electrically coupled to different conductive elements of the number of conductive elements using a different one of the switching junctions configured in the high-conductance state. Other embodiments of the present invention are directed to a nanowire structure including a mixed-scale interface.