公开(公告)号：US20110268115A1

公开(公告)日：2011-11-03

申请号：US12770052

申请日：2010-04-29

Applicant: Murtuza ATTARWALA ,  Nitin KUMAR ,  Alok KHAMBATKONE

Inventor： Murtuza ATTARWALA ,  Nitin KUMAR ,  Alok KHAMBATKONE

IPC: H04L12/56

CPC classification number: H04L12/28 ,  H04L45/02 ,  H04L45/16 ,  H04L45/245 ,  H04L45/28

Abstract: Techniques for handling multicast over link aggregated (LAG) interfaces and integrated routing and bridging (IRB) interfaces in a network device are described in which interfaces, at which a data unit is to be transmitted, may be represented hierarchically in which the LAG interfaces and IRB interfaces are represented as pointers. In one implementation, a device may determine routes for data units, where a route for a multicast data unit is represented as a set of interfaces of the device at which the data unit is to be output. Entries in the set of interfaces may include physical interfaces of the device and pointers to LAG interfaces or pointers to the IRB interfaces. The device may generate tokens to represent routes for data units and resolve the pointers to the LAG interfaces or the IRB interfaces to obtain physical interfaces of the router corresponding to a LAG or an IRB.

Abstract translation: 描述了在网络设备中用于处理组播over link聚合（LAG）接口和集成路由和桥接（IRB））接口的技术，其中可以分层地表示数据单元将被发送的接口，其中LAG接口和 IRB接口表示为指针。 在一个实现中，设备可以确定数据单元的路由，其中​​组播数据单元的路由被表示为要输出数据单元的设备的一组接口。 该组接口中的条目可以包括设备的物理接口和指向LAG接口的指针或指向IRB接口的指针。 设备可以生成令牌来表示数据单元的路由，并解析指向LAG接口或IRB接口的指针，以获得与LAG或IRB对应的路由器的物理接口。

公开(公告)号：US20110164872A1

公开(公告)日：2011-07-07

申请号：US12683656

申请日：2010-01-07

Applicant: Nitin KUMAR ,  Alex BABAN ,  Alok KHAMBATKONE

Inventor： Nitin KUMAR ,  Alex BABAN ,  Alok KHAMBATKONE

IPC: H04J14/00 ,  H04B10/08

CPC classification number: H04J3/1611 ,  H04L45/245 ,  H04L45/60 ,  H04L49/1515 ,  H04L49/557 ,  Y02D50/30

Abstract: A network device provides a selector list that includes indices of child nexthops associated with the network device, where each of the child nexthops is associated with a corresponding child link provided in an aggregated bundle of child links. The network device also receives an indication of a failure of a child link in the aggregated bundle of child links, and removes, from the selector list, an index of a child nexthop associated with the failed child link. The network device further receives probabilities associated with the child links of the aggregated bundle of child links. Each of the probabilities indicates a probability of a packet exiting the network device on a child link. The network device also creates a distribution table based on the probabilities associated with the child links, and rearranges values provided in the distribution table.

Abstract translation: 网络设备提供选择器列表，其包括与网络设备相关联的儿童下一代的索引，其中每个子下游商店与在聚合的子链路组中提供的对应的子链接相关联。 所述网络设备还接收所述聚合的子链路束中的子链路的故障的指示，并从所述选择器列表中移除与所述失败的子链接相关联的子下一跳的索引。 网络设备进一步接收与聚合的子链路捆绑的子链路相关联的概率。 每个概率表示在子链路上离开网络设备的分组的概率。 网络设备还基于与子链路相关联的概率创建分发表，并重新排列分发表中提供的值。

公开(公告)号：US20110163685A1

公开(公告)日：2011-07-07

申请号：US12986596

申请日：2011-01-07

Applicant: Nitin Kumar ,  Shashank Bakre ,  Christian Breuer

Inventor： Nitin Kumar ,  Shashank Bakre ,  Christian Breuer

IPC: H05B41/16

CPC classification number: H05B41/2855

Abstract: A lamp driver circuit to selectively energize one or more lamps is provided. The inverter circuit has a transformer with primary and secondary windings to provide voltage to the lamps. A filter is connected to the primary winding to receive a primary winding signal representative of the voltage across the primary winding. The primary winding signal has a frequency spectrum and the filter detects a particular characteristic of the frequency spectrum that is indicative of an end of life (EOL) condition of the one or more lamps. A control circuit is connected to the inverter circuit and to the filter. The control circuit is configured to discontinue energizing of the one or more lamps by the inverter circuit when the particular characteristic of the frequency spectrum of the primary winding signal is detected by the filter.

Abstract translation: 提供了用于选择性地激励一个或多个灯的灯驱动器电路。 逆变器电路具有带有初级和次级绕组的变压器，以向灯提供电压。 滤波器连接到初级绕组以接收表示初级绕组两端的电压的初级绕组信号。 初级绕组信号具有频谱，并且滤波器检测指示一个或多个灯的寿命终止（EOL）状态的频谱的特定特性。 控制电路连接到逆变器电路和滤波器。 控制电路被配置为当通过滤波器检测到初级绕组信号的频谱的特定特性时，通过逆变器电路中断一个或多个灯的通电。

公开(公告)号：US20100301752A1

公开(公告)日：2010-12-02

申请号：US12474080

申请日：2009-05-28

Applicant: Shashank Bakre ,  Nitin Kumar

Inventor： Shashank Bakre ,  Nitin Kumar

IPC: H05B37/02

CPC classification number: H05B41/2981 ,  H05B37/04

Abstract: A ballast for driving one or more lamps includes a controller and a current reduction circuit for accelerating a controller reset. Upon detecting a fault, the controller disables the ballast for a preset period of time, and resets. The controller additionally resets when the ratio of a supplied second value to a supplied first value falls below a threshold value. The current reduction circuit reduces the supplied second value in less than the preset period of time, such that the ratio falls below the threshold value and the controller resets. An emergency lighting system includes the ballast as a primary ballast, a backup ballast, and a primary power source. The controller detects a fault if the primary power source de-energizes and the backup ballast disconnects the one or more lamps from the primary ballast. The current reduction circuit accelerates the reset of the controller when the primary power source de-energizes.

Abstract translation: 用于驱动一个或多个灯的镇流器包括用于加速控制器复位的控制器和电流减小电路。 检测到故障后，控制器会在预设的时间段内关闭镇流器，并重置。 当提供的第二值与所提供的第一值的比率低于阈值时，控制器另外复位。 电流减小电路在小于预设时间段内减小提供的第二值，使得该比率低于阈值并且控制器复位。 应急照​​明系统包括镇流器作为主要镇流器，备用镇流器和主电源。 如果主电源断电，并且备用镇流器将一个或多个灯与主镇流器断开连接，则控制器将检测故障。 当主电源断电时，电流降低电路加速了控制器的复位。

公开(公告)号：US20100288725A1

公开(公告)日：2010-11-18

申请号：US12729199

申请日：2010-03-22

Applicant: Zhi-Wen Sun ,  Nitin Kumar ,  Guizhen Zhang ,  Minh Anh Nguyen ,  Nikhil Kalyankar

Inventor： Zhi-Wen Sun ,  Nitin Kumar ,  Guizhen Zhang ,  Minh Anh Nguyen ,  Nikhil Kalyankar

IPC: H01B13/16 ,  C09K13/00 ,  C09K13/06

CPC classification number: C23C14/5873 ,  C03C17/36 ,  C03C17/3678 ,  C03C2217/944 ,  C03C2218/32 ,  C09K13/04 ,  C23C14/086 ,  H01L31/02366 ,  Y02E10/50

Abstract: Surface texturing of the transparent conductive oxide (TCO) front contact of a thin film photovoltaic (TFPV) solar cell is needed to enhance the light-trapping capability of the TFPV solar cells and thus improving the solar cell efficiency. Embodiments of the current invention describe chemical formulations and methods for the wet etching of the TCO. The formulations and methods may be optimized to tune the surface texturing of the TCO as desired.

Abstract translation: 需要薄膜光伏（TFPV）太阳能电池的透明导电氧化物（TCO）前触点的表面纹理来增强TFPV太阳能电池的光捕获能力，从而提高太阳能电池效率。 本发明的实施方案描述了用于湿法蚀刻TCO的化学配方和方法。 可以优化配方和方法以根据需要调整TCO的表面纹理。

公开(公告)号：US07678607B2

公开(公告)日：2010-03-16

申请号：US11702725

申请日：2007-02-05

Applicant: Tony Chiang ,  Chi-I Lang ,  Zhi-wen Sun ,  Jinhong Tong ,  Nitin Kumar

Inventor： Tony Chiang ,  Chi-I Lang ,  Zhi-wen Sun ,  Jinhong Tong ,  Nitin Kumar

IPC: H01L21/00

CPC classification number: H01L45/04 ,  H01L27/2409 ,  H01L27/2463 ,  H01L45/1233 ,  H01L45/146 ,  H01L45/1633

Abstract: Resistive switching memory elements are provided that may contain electroless metal electrodes and metal oxides formed from electroless metal. The resistive switching memory elements may exhibit bistability and may be used in high-density multi-layer memory integrated circuits. Electroless conductive materials such as nickel-based materials may be selectively deposited on a conductor on a silicon wafer or other suitable substrate. The electroless conductive materials can be oxidized to form a metal oxide for a resistive switching memory element. Multiple layers of conductive materials can be deposited each of which has a different oxidation rate. The differential oxidization rates of the conductive layers can be exploited to ensure that metal oxide layers of desired thicknesses are formed during fabrication.

公开(公告)号：US20090108766A1

公开(公告)日：2009-04-30

申请号：US11931860

申请日：2007-10-31

Applicant: Timothy Chen ,  Nitin Kumar ,  James K. Skully

Inventor： Timothy Chen ,  Nitin Kumar ,  James K. Skully

IPC: H05B41/16

CPC classification number: H05B41/2825 ,  H05B41/2827

Abstract: A current fed bipolar junction transistor (BJT) based inverter ballast includes base drive circuits configured to drive respective BJT switches, and high-speed drive reverse peak current limiting circuits, configured to operate in conjunction with the respective base drive circuits.

Abstract translation: 基于电流馈电的双极结型晶体管（BJT）的逆变器镇流器包括被配置为驱动相应的BJT开关的基极驱动电路和被配置为与相应的基极驱动电路一起工作的高速驱动反向峰值限流电路。

公开(公告)号：US20080220601A1

公开(公告)日：2008-09-11

申请号：US11714334

申请日：2007-03-05

Applicant: Nitin Kumar ,  Jinhong Tong ,  Chi-I Lang ,  Tony Chiang ,  Prashant B. Phatak

Inventor： Nitin Kumar ,  Jinhong Tong ,  Chi-I Lang ,  Tony Chiang ,  Prashant B. Phatak

IPC: H01L21/20 ,  H01L21/4763

CPC classification number: H01L45/04 ,  H01L27/2463 ,  H01L45/1233 ,  H01L45/1253 ,  H01L45/146 ,  H01L45/1608

Abstract: Nonvolatile memory elements are provided that have resistive switching metal oxides. The nonvolatile memory elements may be formed by depositing a metal-containing material on a silicon-containing material. The metal-containing material may be oxidized to form a resistive-switching metal oxide. The silicon in the silicon-containing material reacts with the metal in the metal-containing material when heat is applied. This forms a metal silicide lower electrode for the nonvolatile memory element. An upper electrode may be deposited on top of the metal oxide. Because the silicon in the silicon-containing layer reacts with some of the metal in the metal-containing layer, the resistive-switching metal oxide that is formed is metal deficient when compared to a stoichiometric metal oxide formed from the same metal.

Abstract translation: 提供具有电阻开关金属氧化物的非易失性存储元件。 非易失性存储元件可以通过将含金属的材料沉积在含硅材料上而形成。 含金属材料可以被氧化以形成电阻式开关金属氧化物。 当施加热量时，含硅材料中的硅与含金属材料中的金属反应。 这形成用于非易失性存储元件的金属硅化物下电极。 上部电极可以沉积在金属氧化物的顶部。 由于含硅层中的硅与含金属层中的一些金属反应，与由相同金属形成的化学计量的金属氧化物相比，形成的电阻 - 开关金属氧化物是金属缺陷的。