Abstract:
Embodiments are directed to a method of programming a semiconductor memory device, the memory device including: a plurality of memory cell transistors arranged in a plurality of transistor strings; a plurality of word lines, each word line connected to a corresponding memory cell transistor of each of the transistor strings; and a plurality of bit lines, each bit line connected to at least one of the transistor strings, the method comprising: applying a first voltage, and then applying a programming voltage to a selected word line corresponding to the selected memory cell transistor; and in advance of applying the first voltage to the selected word line, applying a second voltage to at least one neighboring word line that neighbors the selected word line, the neighboring word line connected to a neighboring, unselected memory cell transistor of the selected transistor string, to ensure precharging of a channel region of another, unselected transistor string between a first, unselected transistor of the unselected transistor string connected to the neighboring word line and a second, unselected transistor of the unselected transistor string connected to the selected word line, the first, unselected transistor neighboring the second, unselected transistor in the unselected transistor string.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a copolymer comprising 4-hydroxybutyrate monomer unit and lactate monomer unit, a copolymer 4-hydroxybutyrate monomer unit, lactate monomer unit and 3-hydroxyalkanoate, or their preparing method. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for preparing a copolymer comprising lactate monomer; 4-hydroxybutyrate monomer; and optionally 3-hydroxyalkanoate, wherein the method comprises culturing a cell or plant comprising the gene of enzyme converting lactate and 3-hydroxyalkanoate into lactyl-CoA and 3-hydroxyalkanoyl-CoA, respectively, phosphotransbutylase gene, butyrate kinase gene and polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase gene together, and the copolymer made by the method. The copolymer of the present invention is a biodegradable polymer being able to be usefully used instead of conventional synthetic plastic, and the copolymer can be used for medical use.
Abstract:
The present disclosure provides an electrographic toner and methods for preparing an electrographic toner. In particular, the present disclosure provides an electrophotographic toner comprising a latex, a colorant and a releasing agent. The electrophotographic toner may further comprise zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), and silicon (Si). The [Zn]/[Fe] ratio may be in the range of about 5.0×10−2 to about 2.0. The [Si]/[Fe] ratio may be in the range of about 5.0×10−4 to about 5.0×10−2. [Zn], [Fe] and [Si] denote the intensities of Zn, Fe and Si, respectively, as measured by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry.
Abstract:
A method for controlled delivery of a substance into a body includes administering a plurality of containment vessels into the body, in which each of the plurality of containment vessels includes a quantity of the substance loaded therein prior to the administering; and providing a time-varying magnetic field such that the plurality of containment vessels are exposed thereto to cause a release of at least a portion of the substance from the plurality of containment vessels. Each of the plurality of containment vessels has an average outer diameter less than about 1 μm.
Abstract:
Provided are a light emitting device, a method of manufacturing the same, a light emitting device package, and a lighting system. The light emitting device includes: a first conductive semiconductor layer; a superlattice layer on the first conductive semiconductor layer; an active layer on the superlattice layer; and a second conductive semiconductor layer on the active layer. The superlattice layer comprises InxGa(1−x)N(0
Abstract translation:提供了发光器件,其制造方法,发光器件封装和照明系统。 发光器件包括:第一导电半导体层; 在第一导电半导体层上的超晶格层; 在超晶格层上的活性层; 以及在所述有源层上的第二导电半导体层。 超晶格层包括掺杂有n型掺杂剂的In x Ga(1-x)N(0
Abstract:
Provided is a method and apparatus for performing intra-prediction using an adaptive filter. The method for performing intra-prediction comprises the steps of: determining whether or not to apply a first filter for a reference pixel value on the basis of information of a neighboring block of a current block; applying the first filter for the reference pixel value when it is determined to apply the first filter; performing intra-prediction on the current block on the basis of the reference pixel value; determining whether or not to apply a second filter for a prediction value according to each prediction mode of the current block, which is predicted by the intra-prediction performance on the basis of the information of the neighboring block; and applying the second filter for the prediction value according to each prediction mode of the current block when it is determined to apply the second filter.
Abstract:
A method for a base station supporting multicarrier operation to transmit a paging message is provided. The base station determines a first time point for multicast broadcast service (MBS)-related information and transmits the MBS-related information through a first carrier at the first time point. Also, the base station determines a second time point for transmitting a paging message to a mobile station, determines a second carrier for transmitting the paging message to the mobile station, and transmits the paging message through the second carrier at the second time point. Here, the second time point is different from the first time point.
Abstract:
A method of controlling a mobile terminal and which includes displaying a first screen image on a touch screen of the mobile terminal as an idle background screen, receiving a touch and drag input operation being performed on the touch screen including the displayed first screen image, and displaying a second screen image corresponding to a direction of the touch and drag input operation, said second screen image corresponding to a new idle background screen.
Abstract:
A method for performing direct communication between terminals includes: a transmitting terminal's encrypting data using a direct communication transport encryption key (DTEK) for direct communication; and transmitting the encrypted data to a receiving terminal, wherein the DTEK is managed in an SA (security association) defined within the transmitting terminal or the receiving terminal.
Abstract:
There is provided a semiconductor light emitting device and a light emitting apparatus. The semiconductor light emitting device includes a light emitting diode (LED) part disposed on one region of a light transmissive substrate and including a first conductivity type semiconductor layer, an active layer and a second conductivity type semiconductor layer; and a Zener diode part disposed on the other region of the light transmissive substrate and including a first conductivity type semiconductor layer, an active layer and a second conductivity type semiconductor layer.