Abstract:
A method (400) for cleaning a semiconductor wafer. The method includes immersing (420) a wafer in a liquid comprising water. The wafer has a front face, a back face, and an edge. The method also includes providing a substantially particle free environment adjacent to the front face and the back face as the liquid is being removed. A step of introducing a carrier gas comprising a cleaning enhancement substance during the providing step (450) also is included. The cleaning enhancement substance dopes the liquid which is attached to the front face and the back face to cause a concentration gradient of the cleaning enhancement substance in the attached liquid to accelerate fluid flow of the attached liquid off of the wafer.
Abstract:
An improved mandrel device (100) and method. The mandrel device (100) has an elongated member (117) for supporting a plurality of hard disks, for example. The elongated member (117) includes an inner member (107) that is defined between a pair of outer members (105), where each of the members have ridges (103) defined thereon. The combination of these members and ridges are used to support a plurality of disks that do not touch each other during, for example transportation.
Abstract:
A system and method for collecting and processing tire tread depth data from a plurality of tires is provided. A sensor measures the tread depth of one of the tires and produces a tread depth signal representing the tire tread depth. The tread depth signal is transmitted over a communications medium from the sensor to the serial port of a computer. The computer includes a database or spread sheet for storing an entry associating a respective tire tread depth with each tire. The computer displays a graphic representing each of the tires. The graphic includes a representation of the bottom of a truck on which the tires are installed. The graphic has a respective region representing each of the tires. A region of the graphic is selected. The selected region of the graphic is linked to a corresponding one of the plurality of data representing tire tread depth in the database or spreadsheet. When the tread depth signal is transmitted over the communications medium, the computer changes the corresponding one of the plurality of data in the database or spreadsheet, in response to the tread depth signal. The color of each region is varied, based on the respective tread depth stored in the database or spreadsheet for each respective tire.
Abstract:
A scorer's table for sporting events including a table top supported by legs, and three panels mounted at the front of the table and extending downwardly to the floor. The center panel has a front surface with a message which is painted or otherwise permanently displayed, such as the logo of a sports team or the name of an arena. The two end panels, one on each side of the center panel, each have display screens operable to display virtually any type of graphic or word message. The display screens are independently controlled by an electronic controller which is programmable to produce a message on each of the display screens and then change such messages as desired during the course of the sports event.
Abstract:
A method of controlling tint of a tintable window to account for occupant comfort in a room of a building. The tintable window is between the interior and exterior of the building. The method predicts a tint level for the tintable window at a future time based on a penetration depth of direct sunlight through the tintable window into the room at the future time and space type in the room. The method also provides instructions over a network to transition tint of the tintable window to the tint level.
Abstract:
A messaging system for exchanging messages between nodes in a network via a broker that uses a publish-subscribe message protocol, which nodes have object identifications (IDs). Messages between the nodes are routed using the object IDs of the nodes. Secure communication is provided using authentication according to digital certificates being used as first and second tiers by a commissioning broker and a data broker, respectively, in which the second tier certificate used by the data broker has a shorter lived expiration time.
Abstract:
Changing environmental characteristics of an enclosure are controlled to promote thermal comfort, health, wellness, and/or performance for occupant(s) of the enclosure using sensor data, three-dimensional modeling, physical properties of the enclosure, and machine learning (e.g., Artificial Intelligence).
Abstract:
Electrochromic devices with multi-layer conductors including one or more of a defect mitigation insulating layer, a color tuning layer and metal layer pair, and a transparent conductive oxide layer.
Abstract:
A site monitoring system may analyze information from sites to determine when a device, a sensor, a controller, or other structure associated with optically switchable devices has a problem. The system may, if appropriate, act on the problem. In certain embodiments, the system learns customer/user preferences and adapts its control logic to meet the customer's goals.
Abstract:
Electrochromic vacuum insulated glass units and assemblies thereof are described. The electrochromic vacuum insulated glass unit comprises a first electrochromic device and a first vacuum insulated glass unit comprising a first substrate and a second substrate, wherein the first electrochromic device is in or on the first vacuum insulated glass unit.