公开(公告)号：US5385615A

公开(公告)日：1995-01-31

申请号：US136456

申请日：1993-10-14

申请人： William E. Horne

发明人： William E. Horne

IPC分类号： F24S20/20 ,  G02B17/08 ,  H01L31/052 ,  H01L31/058

CPC分类号： F24J2/07 ,  F24J2/08 ,  G02B19/0028 ,  G02B19/0033 ,  G02B19/0042 ,  H01L31/056 ,  H02S40/44 ,  Y02E10/41 ,  Y02E10/52 ,  Y02E10/60

摘要： The present invention provides a photovoltaic module for converting solar energy into electrical energy. The module comprises a substrate having a relatively large first surface and a relatively small second surface. A first photovoltaic cell is mounted to the first surface, the first photovoltaic cell having a first response band. The module is positioned such that the solar energy is incident onto the active area of the first photovoltaic cell. A second photovoltaic cell substantially smaller than the first photovoltaic cell is mounted to the second surface of the substrate. The substrate is formed such that a portion of the solar energy transmitted by the first photovoltaic cell into the substrate is directed onto the active area of the second photovoltaic cell. Because of the smaller area of the second photovoltaic cell, the cost per unit cell area is lower than in conventional tandem cell designs.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于将太阳能转换为电能的光伏模块。 模块包括具有相对大的第一表面和相对小的第二表面的基板。 第一光伏电池安装到第一表面，第一光伏电池具有第一响应带。 模块被定位成使得太阳能入射到第一光伏电池的有源区上。 基本上小于第一光伏电池的第二光伏电池被安装到基板的第二表面。 基板被形成为使得由第一光伏电池传输到基板中的太阳能的一部分被引导到第二光伏电池的有效区域。 由于第二光伏电池的面积较小，每单元电池面积的成本低于常规串联电池设计。

公开(公告)号：US4294602A

公开(公告)日：1981-10-13

申请号：US64994

申请日：1979-08-09

申请人： William E. Horne

发明人： William E. Horne

IPC分类号： C03C27/00 ,  H01L31/048 ,  H01L31/18

CPC分类号： H01L31/1804 ,  C03C27/00 ,  H01L31/048 ,  Y02E10/547 ,  Y02P70/521 ,  Y10S65/04

摘要： A method of bonding a cover glass to a semiconductor substrate having conductors thereon. The cover glass and the semiconductor substrate are placed in a relatively high voltage field and heated to induce ion drift in the glass and improved conductivity in the substrate. Additional localized heating softens the cover glass in the vicinity of the conductors permitting the cover glass to flow around the conductors and to be drawn into contact and bonded with the substrate.

摘要翻译： 将盖玻璃接合到其上具有导体的半导体基板的方法。 将盖玻璃和半导体基板放置在相对高的电压场中并加热以在玻璃中引起离子漂移并改善基板中的导电性。 附加的局部加热使导体附近的护罩玻璃软化，允许盖玻片围绕导体流动并且被拉伸接触并与基底结合。

公开(公告)号：US20090254228A1

公开(公告)日：2009-10-08

申请号：US12484429

申请日：2009-06-15

申请人： William E. Horne ,  Mark D. Morgan

发明人： William E. Horne ,  Mark D. Morgan

IPC分类号： H02N6/00 ,  G05D3/12 ,  G01B11/14

CPC分类号： G02B19/0023 ,  F24S23/79 ,  F24S50/60 ,  G02B19/0042 ,  H01L31/0547 ,  H02S40/44 ,  Y02E10/40 ,  Y02E10/52 ,  Y02E10/60

摘要： A parabolic primary mirror (10) has a concave specular surface (12) that is constructed and positioned to receive solar energy and focus it towards a focal point. A secondary mirror (14) having a convex specular surface (16) is constructed and positioned to receive focused solar energy from the primary mirror and focus it onto an annular receiver (18). The annular receiver (18) may include an annular array of optical elements (100) constructed to receive solar energy from the secondary specular surface (14) and focus it onto a ring of discrete areas. A ring of solar-to-electrical conversion units are positioned on the ring of discrete areas.

摘要翻译： 抛物线主镜（10）具有凹面镜面（12），其被构造和定位成接收太阳能并将其聚焦到焦点。 具有凸面镜面（16）的副镜（14）被构造和定位成从主镜接收聚焦的太阳能并将其聚焦到环形接收器（18）上。 环形接收器（18）可以包括被构造为从次级镜面（14）接收太阳能并将其聚焦到离散区域的环上的光学元件（100）的环形阵列。 太阳能转换单元环位于离散区域的环上。

公开(公告)号：US20090225426A1

公开(公告)日：2009-09-10

申请号：US12468443

申请日：2009-05-19

申请人： William E. Horne ,  Mark D. Morgan

发明人： William E. Horne ,  Mark D. Morgan

IPC分类号： G02B1/10 ,  B05D5/06

CPC分类号： G02B19/0023 ,  F24S23/79 ,  F24S50/60 ,  G02B19/0042 ,  H01L31/0547 ,  H02S40/44 ,  Y02E10/40 ,  Y02E10/52 ,  Y02E10/60

摘要： A parabolic primary mirror (10) has a concave specular surface (12) that is constructed and positioned to receive solar energy and focus it towards a focal point. A secondary mirror (14) having a convex specular surface (16) is constructed and positioned to receive focused solar energy from the primary mirror and focus it onto an annular receiver (18). The annular receiver (18) may include an annular array of optical elements (100) constructed to receive solar energy from the secondary specular surface (14) and focus it onto a ring of discrete areas. A ring of solar-to-electrical conversion units are positioned on the ring of discrete areas.

公开(公告)号：US5269851A

公开(公告)日：1993-12-14

申请号：US970948

申请日：1992-11-03

申请人： William E. Horne

发明人： William E. Horne

IPC分类号： F24S20/20 ,  G02B17/08 ,  H01L31/052 ,  H01L31/058

CPC分类号： F24J2/07 ,  F24J2/08 ,  G02B19/0028 ,  G02B19/0033 ,  G02B19/0042 ,  H01L31/056 ,  H02S40/44 ,  Y02E10/41 ,  Y02E10/52 ,  Y02E10/60

摘要： A solar energy system that includes a primary concentrator, a receiver having a plurality of photovoltaic cells, and a prefilter surrounding the receiver. The prefilter absorbs some of the radiation that is out of band with respect to the photovoltaic cells, and may include a conduit for a cooling fluid. The cells on the receiver are positioned such that each cell receives the same solar energy flux. The receiver may include a phase change material to protect the photovoltaic cells from excessive temperatures.

摘要翻译： 一种太阳能系统，其包括主集中器，具有多个光伏电池的接收器和围绕接收器的预过滤器。 预过滤器吸收相对于光伏电池带外的一些辐射，并且可以包括用于冷却流体的导管。 接收器上的单元被定位成使得每个单元接收相同的太阳能通量。 接收器可以包括相变材料以保护光伏电池不受过温度的影响。

公开(公告)号：US5031408A

公开(公告)日：1991-07-16

申请号：US405268

申请日：1989-09-11

申请人： William E. Horne ,  Arthur C. Day

发明人： William E. Horne ,  Arthur C. Day

IPC分类号： C23C14/22

CPC分类号： C23C14/221

摘要： A cryocrucible permits the introduction of ion clusters of a cryogen, like oxygen or nitrogen, to a vacuum chamber, and preferably comprises a liquid cryogen containment vessel connected to an expansion chamber through a solenoid-actuated valve, a cooling means for maintaining the cryogen as a liquid in the containment vessel, and a nozzle connecting the expansion chamber to the vacuum chamber. Liquid evaporates through the valve into the expansion chamber and, then, forms clusters when it expands further while passing through the nozzle into the vacuum chamber.

摘要翻译： 低分子化合物允许将诸如氧气或氮气的冷冻剂离子簇引入真空室，并且优选地包括通过电磁致动阀连接到膨胀室的液体冷冻剂容纳容器，用于将冷冻剂保持为 容纳容器中的液体，以及将膨胀室连接到真空室的喷嘴。 液体通过阀蒸发到膨胀室中，然后在其通过喷嘴进入真空室时进一步膨胀时形成簇。

公开(公告)号：US4152535A

公开(公告)日：1979-05-01

申请号：US702416

申请日：1976-07-06

申请人： Czeslaw Deminet ,  William E. Horne ,  Richard E. Oettel

发明人： Czeslaw Deminet ,  William E. Horne ,  Richard E. Oettel

IPC分类号： C30B1/02 ,  H01L31/0368 ,  H01L31/0392 ,  H01L31/18 ,  B08B3/00

CPC分类号： H01L31/186 ,  C30B1/02 ,  H01L31/03682 ,  H01L31/03921 ,  Y02E10/546 ,  Y02P70/521 ,  Y10S148/067 ,  Y10S148/072 ,  Y10S148/12

摘要： The process comprises the following steps: (1) forming a glass sheet which defines a substrate layer for the solar cell product; (2) forming a diffusion barrier layer on at least one surface of the substrate; (3) forming a first electrically-conductive layer on the diffusion barrier, the first electrically-conductive layer being a first electrode in the solar cell product; (4) depositing small-grain polycrystalline silicon in a thin film, i.e., 10-100 micrometers, on the first electrode layer; (5) recrystallizing, typically by heating, the deposited polycrystalline silicon until it reforms into large-grain polycrystalline or single-crystal silicon; (6) forming a PN junction in the recrystallized silicon layer; and (7) forming a second electrically-conductive layer on the recrystallized silicon layer, the second electrically-conductive layer being a second electrode in the solar cell product. The solar cell product produced by the above-process may be fabricated in large surface area configurations, suitable for terrestrial as well as extra-terrestrial use, at relatively low cost.

摘要翻译： 该方法包括以下步骤：（1）形成限定太阳能电池产品的基底层的玻璃板; （2）在所述基板的至少一个表面上形成扩散阻挡层; （3）在扩散阻挡层上形成第一导电层，第一导电层是太阳能电池产品中的第一电极; （4）在第一电极层上沉积薄晶粒（即10-100微米）的小晶粒多晶硅; （5）通常通过加热重结晶沉积的多晶硅，直到其重新形成大晶粒多晶或单晶硅; （6）在再结晶硅层中形成PN结; 和（7）在再结晶硅层上形成第二导电层，第二导电层是太阳能电池产品中的第二电极。 通过上述方法生产的太阳能电池产品可以以相对较低的成本制成适合陆地和陆地外用途的大表面积配置。

公开(公告)号：US20080163922A1

公开(公告)日：2008-07-10

申请号：US11650739

申请日：2007-01-08

申请人： William E. Horne ,  Mark D. Morgan

发明人： William E. Horne ,  Mark D. Morgan

IPC分类号： H01L31/042 ,  G02B5/10

CPC分类号： G02B19/0023 ,  F24S23/79 ,  F24S50/60 ,  G02B19/0042 ,  H01L31/0547 ,  H02S40/44 ,  Y02E10/40 ,  Y02E10/52 ,  Y02E10/60

摘要： A parabolic primary mirror (10) has a concave specular surface (12) that is constructed and positioned to receive solar energy and focus it towards a focal point. A secondary mirror (14) having a convex specular surface (16) is constructed and positioned to receive focused solar energy from the primary mirror and focus it onto an annular receiver (18). The annular receiver (18) may include an annular array of optical elements (100) constructed to receive solar energy from the secondary specular surface (14) and focus it onto a ring of discreet areas. A ring of solar-to-electrical conversion units are positioned on the ring of discreet areas. A sun sensor that allows accurate solar tracking to keep mirror system aligned with the sun.

摘要翻译： 抛物线主镜（10）具有凹面镜面（12），其被构造和定位成接收太阳能并将其聚焦到焦点。 具有凸面镜面（16）的副镜（14）被构造和定位成从主镜接收聚焦的太阳能并将其聚焦到环形接收器（18）上。 环形接收器（18）可以包括构造成从次级镜面（14）接收太阳能并将其聚焦到环形环区域上的光学元件（100）的环形阵列。 一个太阳能到电气转换单元的环位于谨慎区域的环上。 太阳传感器，允许准确的太阳跟踪保持镜子系统与太阳对齐。

公开(公告)号：US4108704A

公开(公告)日：1978-08-22

申请号：US820505

申请日：1977-08-01

申请人： William E. Horne

发明人： William E. Horne

IPC分类号： H01L31/0216 ,  H01L31/042 ,  H01L31/052

CPC分类号： H01L31/052 ,  H01L31/042 ,  H01L31/048 ,  H02S20/00 ,  H02S20/20 ,  Y02E10/50

摘要： Thermal isolation shields consisting of two glass slides separated by insulating standoffs are positioned upon the front radiation receiving surface of a solar cell and/or upon the back surface of the solar cell. One of the two glass plates is made from material selected to absorb and radiate electromagnetic wave energy with a wavelength above 5 microns to prevent overheating of the cell. The space between the two cover plates forms a thermal gap that is, if desired, bridged by a bimetallic strip. The strip is adhered to one of the plates and has a reverse bend to extend along the face surface of the opposed cover plate. The strip distorts under an increased temperature to break the bridge between the two plates and thereby isolates the solar cell from the thermal shield formed by the outer cover plate until there is a sufficient reduction in temperature at which the bimetallic strip reestablishes conductive contact between the cover plates. Each solar cell assembly in an array is adhered to a substrate by first bonding glass pads to the substrate and then heating the cell and glass pads to a temperature of about 400.degree. while applying an electrical potential of the order of 400 volts with the glass being negative potential with respect to the cell. A hermetic bond is achieved without the use of adhesives.

摘要翻译： 由绝缘支架分开的两个玻璃滑块组成的隔热屏蔽件位于太阳能电池的前辐射接收表面和/或太阳能电池的背面上。 两个玻璃板中的一个由选择的材料制成，以吸收和辐射波长高于5微米的电磁波能量，以防止电池过热。 两个盖板之间的空间形成热间隙，如果需要，其由双金属条桥接。 条带粘附到其中一个板上并且具有相反的弯曲部以沿对置的盖板的表面延伸。 带材在升高的温度下变形以破坏两个板之间的桥接，从而将太阳能电池与由外盖板形成的热屏蔽隔离，直到双金属带重新建立盖子之间的导电接触的温度足够降低 盘子 将阵列中的每个太阳能电池组件通过首先将玻璃焊盘粘合到衬底上然后将电池和玻璃焊盘加热至约400°的温度，同时施加400伏数量级的电位，玻璃为 相对于电池的负电位。 在不使用粘合剂的情况下实现密封。

公开(公告)号：US4097309A

公开(公告)日：1978-06-27

申请号：US764383

申请日：1977-01-31

申请人： William E. Horne

发明人： William E. Horne

IPC分类号： H01L31/0216 ,  H01L31/042 ,  H01L31/052 ,  H01L31/06

CPC分类号： H01L31/052 ,  H01L31/042 ,  H01L31/048 ,  H02S20/00 ,  H02S20/20 ,  Y02E10/50

摘要： Thermal isolation shields consisting of two glass slides separated by insulating standoffs are positioned upon the front radiation receiving surface of a solar cell and/or upon the back surface of the solar cell. One of the two glass plates is made from material selected to absorb and radiate electromagnetic wave energy with a wavelength above 5 microns to prevent overheating of the cell. The space between the two cover plates forms a thermal gap that is, if desired, bridged by a bimetallic strip. The strip is adhered to one of the plates and has a reverse bend to extend along the face surface of the opposed cover plate. The strip distorts under an increased temperature to break the bridge between the two plates and thereby isolates the solar cell from the thermal shield formed by the outer cover plate until there is a sufficient reduction in temperature at which the bimetallic strip reestablishes conductive contact between the cover plates. Each solar cell assembly in an array is adhered to a substrate by first bonding glass pads to the substrate and then heating the cell and glass pads to a temperature of about 400.degree. while applying an electrical potential of the order of 400 volts with the glass being negative potential with respect to the cell. A hermetic bond is achieved without the use of adhesives.

摘要翻译： 由绝缘支架分开的两个玻璃滑块组成的隔热屏蔽件位于太阳能电池的前辐射接收表面和/或太阳能电池的背面上。 两个玻璃板中的一个由选择的材料制成，以吸收和辐射波长高于5微米的电磁波能量，以防止电池过热。 两个盖板之间的空间形成热间隙，如果需要，其由双金属条桥接。 条带粘附到其中一个板上并且具有相反的弯曲部以沿对置的盖板的表面延伸。 带材在升高的温度下变形以破坏两个板之间的桥接，从而将太阳能电池与由外盖板形成的热屏蔽隔离，直到双金属带重新建立盖子之间的导电接触的温度足够降低 盘子 将阵列中的每个太阳能电池组件通过首先将玻璃焊盘粘合到衬底上然后将电池和玻璃焊盘加热至约400°的温度，同时施加400伏数量级的电位，玻璃为 相对于电池的负电位。 在不使用粘合剂的情况下实现密封。