摘要:
A method of activating an iron Fischer-Tropsch catalyst by introducing an inert gas into a reactor comprising a slurry of the catalyst at a first temperature, increasing the reactor temperature from the first temperature to a second temperature at a first ramp rate, wherein the second temperature is in the range of from about 150° C. to 250° C., introducing synthesis gas having a ratio of H2:CO to the reactor at a space velocity, and increasing the reactor temperature from the second temperature to a third temperature at a second ramp rate, wherein the third temperature is in the range of from about 270° C. to 300° C. The iron Fischer-Tropsch catalyst may be a precipitated unsupported iron catalyst, production of which is also provided.
摘要:
A method of activating an iron Fischer-Tropsch catalyst by introducing an inert gas into a reactor comprising a slurry of the catalyst at a first temperature, increasing the reactor temperature from the first temperature to a second temperature at a first ramp rate, wherein the second temperature is in the range of from about 150° C. to 250° C., introducing synthesis gas having a ratio of H2:CO to the reactor at a space velocity, and increasing the reactor temperature from the second temperature to a third temperature at a second ramp rate, wherein the third temperature is in the range of from about 270° C. to 300° C. The iron Fischer-Tropsch catalyst may be a precipitated unsupported iron catalyst, production of which is also provided.
摘要:
A method of preparing a spray dried catalyst by combining spray dried catalyst particles with wax so the spray dried catalyst particles are coated with wax, yielding wax coated catalyst particles, and shaping the wax coated catalyst to provide shaped wax coated catalyst. A method of activating Fischer-Tropsch catalyst particles containing oxides by contacting the catalyst particles with a reducing gas in an activation vessel to produce an activated catalyst, wherein contacting is performed in the absence of a liquid medium under activation conditions. A system for activating a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst containing an activation reactor configured to introduce an activation gas to a fixed or fluidized bed of the Fischer-Tropsch catalyst in the absence of a liquid medium and at least one separation device configured to separate a gas stream comprising entrained catalyst fines having an average particle size below a desired cutoff size from the activation reactor.
摘要:
A method of preparing a spray dried catalyst by combining spray dried catalyst particles with wax so the spray dried catalyst particles are coated with wax, yielding wax coated catalyst particles, and shaping the wax coated catalyst to provide shaped wax coated catalyst. A method of activating Fischer-Tropsch catalyst particles containing oxides by contacting the catalyst particles with a reducing gas in an activation vessel to produce an activated catalyst, wherein contacting is performed in the absence of a liquid medium under activation conditions. A system for activating a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst containing an activation reactor configured to introduce an activation gas to a fixed or fluidized bed of the Fischer-Tropsch catalyst in the absence of a liquid medium and at least one separation device configured to separate a gas stream comprising entrained catalyst fines having an average particle size below a desired cutoff size from the activation reactor.
摘要:
Filtration devices, methods, and systems comprising a decontamination filtration medium. The filtration medium comprises a remotely-triggered decontamination material stored in microcapsules that are embedded in or attached to a filter element. The microcapsules contain a decontamination agent that will detoxify one or more toxins, including but not limited to chemical and biological warfare agents, and industrial materials and chemicals, among other things. The microcapsules can be locally or remotely triggered to release the detoxifying agent by a triggering agent such as light, electrical potential, pressure, temperature, or other methods. One method of use of the filtration device comprises the following: when a target toxin is detected in the vicinity of the device, the microcapsules are actively triggered to release the detoxifying agent, thereby neutralizing the toxic agent.
摘要:
Provided herein are adsorbents and methods of using the adsorbents to at least partially remove one or more adsorbates. In an aspect, an adsorbate within a phase is at least partially removed by providing an adsorbent material and contacting the adsorbent material with the phase having an adsorbate, to at least partially remove the adsorbate. Various adsorbents are disclosed having the chemical formula RE1-x-y-zBxB′yB″zOw, where RE is RE is a rare earth metal, B is a trivalent metal ion, B′ is a transition metal ion or an alkaline earth element, B″ is a transition metal ion, 0≦x≦0.25, 0≦y≦0.95, 0≦z≦0.75, w is a number which results in charge balance, and x+y+z
摘要翻译:本文提供吸附剂和使用吸附剂至少部分去除一种或多种吸附物质的方法。 在一个方面,通过提供吸附材料并使吸附剂材料与具有被吸附物的相位接触,至少部分地除去相中的吸附物,以至少部分地除去被吸附物。 公开了具有化学式RE1-xy-zBxB'yB“zOw的各种吸附剂,其中RE是稀土金属,B是三价金属离子,B'是过渡金属离子或碱土金属元素,B” 是过渡金属离子,0&nlE; x&nlE; 0.25,0和nlE; y&nlE; 0.95,0和nlE; z&nlE; 0.75,w是导致电荷平衡的数,x + y + z <1。
摘要:
Provided herein are adsorbents and methods of using the adsorbents to at least partially remove one or more adsorbates. In an aspect, an adsorbate within a phase is at least partially removed by providing an adsorbent material and contacting the adsorbent material with the phase having an adsorbate, to at least partially remove the adsorbate. Various adsorbents are disclosed having the chemical formula RE1-x-y-zBxB′yB″zOw, where RE is RE is a rare earth metal, B is a trivalent metal ion, B′ is a transition metal ion or an alkaline earth element, B″ is a transition metal ion, 0≦x≦0.25, 0≦y≦0.95, 0≦z≦0.75, w is a number which results in charge balance, and x+y+z
摘要翻译:本文提供吸附剂和使用吸附剂至少部分去除一种或多种吸附物质的方法。 在一个方面,通过提供吸附材料并使吸附剂材料与具有被吸附物的相位接触,至少部分地除去相中的吸附物,以至少部分地除去被吸附物。 公开了具有化学式RE1-xy-zBxB'yB''zOw的各种吸附剂,其中RE为稀土金属,B为三价金属离子,B'为过渡金属离子或碱土金属,B “是过渡金属离子,0 <= x <= 0.25,0 <= y <= 0.95,0 <= z <= 0.75,w是导致电荷平衡的数字,x + y + z <1 。
摘要:
Catalyst compositions and methods for F-T synthesis which exhibit high CO conversion with minor levels (preferably less than 35% and more preferably less than 5%) or no measurable carbon dioxide generation. F-T active catalysts are prepared by reduction of certain oxygen deficient mixed metal oxides.