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    Base-facilitated production of hydrogen from biomass
    11.
    发明申请
    Base-facilitated production of hydrogen from biomass 审中-公开
    从生物质基础上促进生产氢

    公开(公告)号：US20050163704A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-07-28

    申请号：US10966001

    申请日：2004-10-14

    申请人： Benjamin Reichman ,  William Mays

    发明人： Benjamin Reichman ,  William Mays

    IPC分类号： C10J3/00 ,  C25B1/02 ,  C01B3/22

    CPC分类号： C25B1/02 ,  C10J3/00 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/092 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0983 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  Y02E60/324 ,  Y02P20/145

    摘要： A base-facilitated reaction for the production of hydrogen from biomass or component(s) thereof. Hydrogen is produced from a reaction of naturally occurring organic matter with a base to form a bicarbonate or carbonate compound as a by-product. The base-facilitated hydrogen-producing reactions are thermodynamically more spontaneous than conventional-type reformation reactions and are able to produce hydrogen gas at less extreme reaction conditions than conventional-type reformation reactions. The preferred reactants are biomass, components of biomass, and mixtures of components of biomass. Especially preferred are base-facilitated reactions in which hydrogen is produced from carbohydrates or mixtures of carbohydrates, include monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides, and cellulose. The instant reactions can occur in the liquid phase or solid.

    摘要翻译： 用于从生物质或其组分产生氢的碱促进反应。 由天然存在的有机物与碱的反应产生氢，以形成作为副产物的碳酸氢盐或碳酸酯化合物。 碱促进的氢产生反应在热力学上比常规型重整反应更自发，并且能够在比常规型重整反应更低的极端反应条件下产生氢气。 优选的反应物是生物质，生物质的组分和生物质组分的混合物。 特别优选的是碱碳化反应，其中由碳水化合物或碳水化合物的混合物产生氢，包括单糖，二糖，多糖和纤维素。 即时反应可发生在液相或固体中。

    Base-facilitated production of hydrogen from biomass
    14.
    发明申请
    Base-facilitated production of hydrogen from biomass 审中-公开
    从生物质基础上促进生产氢

    公开(公告)号：US20110076226A1

    公开(公告)日：2011-03-31

    申请号：US12804188

    申请日：2010-07-15

    申请人： Benjamin Reichman ,  William Mays

    发明人： Benjamin Reichman ,  William Mays

    IPC分类号： C01B3/02

    CPC分类号： C25B1/02 ,  C10J3/00 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/092 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0983 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  Y02E60/324 ,  Y02P20/145

    摘要： Hydrogen is produced from a reaction of organic matter with a base. A bicarbonate or carbonate compound forms as a by-product. The base-facilitated hydrogen-producing reactions are thermodynamically more spontaneous than conventional-type reformation reactions and are able to produce hydrogen gas at less extreme reaction conditions than conventional-type reformation reactions. The preferred reactants are biomass, components of biomass, and mixtures of components of biomass. Especially preferred are base-facilitated reactions in which hydrogen is produced from carbohydrates or mixtures of carbohydrates, include monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides, and cellulose. The instant reactions can occur in the liquid phase or solid.

    摘要翻译： 氢由有机物与碱的反应产生。 碳酸氢盐或碳酸盐化合物形成副产物。 碱促进的氢产生反应在热力学上比常规型重整反应更自发，并且能够在比常规型重整反应更低的极端反应条件下产生氢气。 优选的反应物是生物质，生物质的组分和生物质组分的混合物。 特别优选的是碱碳化反应，其中由碳水化合物或碳水化合物的混合物产生氢，包括单糖，二糖，多糖和纤维素。 即时反应可发生在液相或固体中。

    Production of hydrogen via a base-facilitated reaction of carbon monoxide
    15.
    发明授权
    Production of hydrogen via a base-facilitated reaction of carbon monoxide 失效
    通过一氧化碳的碱促进反应生产氢气

    公开(公告)号：US07700071B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-04-20

    申请号：US11079610

    申请日：2005-03-14

    申请人： Benjamin Reichman ,  William Mays ,  James Strebe

    发明人： Benjamin Reichman ,  William Mays ,  James Strebe

    IPC分类号： C01B3/08

    CPC分类号： C01B3/065 ,  C01B3/12 ,  C01B3/20 ,  C01D7/07 ,  C10J3/57 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  C25B1/02 ,  Y02E60/362 ,  Y02P20/145

    摘要： A method of producing hydrogen gas from a reaction of carbon monoxide with a base. Hydrogen is produced in a reaction of a base with carbon monoxide that proceeds through the formation of a bicarbonate or carbonate compound as a by-product. In some embodiments, the reaction may occur in the presence of water and may produce carbon dioxide as a by-product. The instant base-facilitated hydrogen-producing reactions are thermodynamically more spontaneous than the water-gas shift reaction and are able to produce hydrogen gas from carbon monoxide at greater reaction rates than is possible with the water-gas shift reaction. Carbon monoxide in a purified or unpurified state or as a component within a mixture of gases is suitable for use in the instant invention. Metal hydroxides are the preferred base reactant. The base reactant can be in the solid phase, molten phase, liquid phase or solution phase.

    摘要翻译： 从一氧化碳与碱的反应产生氢气的方法。 在碱与一氧化碳的反应中产生氢气，其通过作为副产物形成碳酸氢盐或碳酸盐化合物而进行。 在一些实施方案中，反应可以在水的存在下进行，并且可以产生作为副产物的二氧化碳。 本发明的碱促进的产氢反应在热力学上比水煤气变换反应更自发，并且能够以比水煤气变换反应可能更大的反应速率从一氧化碳产生氢气。 纯化或未纯化状态的一氧化碳或作为气体混合物中的组分适用于本发明。 金属氢氧化物是优选的基础反应物。 基础反应物可以是固相，熔融相，液相或溶液相。

    Base-facilitated reformation reactions of organic substances
    16.
    发明授权
    Base-facilitated reformation reactions of organic substances 失效
    有机物质的碱基改性反应

    公开(公告)号：US07481992B2

    公开(公告)日：2009-01-27

    申请号：US10763616

    申请日：2004-01-23

    申请人： Benjamin Reichman ,  William Mays

    发明人： Benjamin Reichman ,  William Mays

    IPC分类号： C01B3/22 ,  C01B3/24

    CPC分类号： C01F11/06 ,  C01B3/02 ,  C01B13/18 ,  C25B1/02

    摘要： A base-facilitated reformation reaction. Hydrogen is produced from a reaction of an organic substance with a base to form bicarbonate ion or carbonate ion as a by-product. The base-facilitated reformation reactions are thermodynamically more spontaneous than conventional reformation reactions and are able to produce hydrogen gas at less extreme reaction conditions than conventional reformation reactions. In one embodiment, the instant base-facilitated reactions produce hydrogen gas from an organic substance at a lower temperature than is possible for the production of hydrogen gas from the organic substance in a conventional reformation reaction. In another embodiment, the instant base-facilitated reformation reactions produce hydrogen gas from an organic substance at a faster rate at a particular temperature than is possible from the conventional reformation reaction of the organic substance. In yet another embodiment, a reformation reaction is made spontaneous in the liquid phase by running the reaction at an elevated pressure. The preferred organic substances of the instant invention are hydrocarbons having four or more carbon atoms per molecule or mixtures thereof that are available from fuels such as gasoline, bio-diesel, diesel or other petroleum distillates or by-products.

    摘要翻译： 碱促进的重整反应。 由有机物质与碱的反应产生氢气，以形成作为副产物的碳酸氢根离子或碳酸根离子。 碱促进的重整反应在热力学上比常规重整反应更自发，并且能够在比常规重整反应更低的极端反应条件下产生氢气。 在一个实施方案中，本发明的碱促反应在比在常规重整反应中从有机物质生产氢气的温度低的温度下，从有机物质中产生氢气。 在另一个实施方案中，本发明的碱促进的重整反应在比有机物质的常规重整反应可能的特定温度下以更快的速率从有机物质产生氢气。 在另一个实施方案中，通过在升高的压力下进行反应，在液相中自发进行重整反应。 本发明优选的有机物质是每分子具有四个或更多个碳原子的烃或其混合物，其可从诸如汽油，生物柴油，柴油或其它石油馏出物或副产物的燃料获得。

    Base-facilitated produciton of hydrogen from carbonaceous matter
    20.
    发明申请
    Base-facilitated produciton of hydrogen from carbonaceous matter 失效
    从碳质物质中促进氢的生成

    公开(公告)号：US20100012505A1

    公开(公告)日：2010-01-21

    申请号：US12586044

    申请日：2009-09-15

    申请人： Benjamin Reichman ,  William Mays

    发明人： Benjamin Reichman ,  William Mays

    IPC分类号： C25B1/02 ,  C01B3/02

    CPC分类号： C25B1/02 ,  C10J3/00 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/0983 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  Y02P20/145

    摘要： A base-facilitated process for producing hydrogen. Hydrogen is produced from a reaction of carbonaceous matter with a base and water, preferably through the formation of a bicarbonate or carbonate by-product. The base-facilitated hydrogen-producing reactions are thermodynamically more spontaneous and are able to produce hydrogen gas at less extreme reaction conditions than conventional reformation or gasification reactions of carbonaceous matter. In another embodiment, the instant reactions permit the production of hydrogen from carbonaceous matter without the production of carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide. In a preferred embodiment, the carbonaceous matter is coal or a derivative thereof.

    摘要翻译： 用于生产氢的碱基方法。 氢由碳质物质与碱和水的反应产生，优选通过形成碳酸氢盐或碳酸盐副产物。 碱促进的产氢反应在热力学上更自发，并且能够在比碳质物质的常规改性或气化反应更不极端的反应条件下产生氢气。 在另一个实施方案中，本反应允许从碳质物质产生氢气而不产生二氧化碳或一氧化碳。 在优选的实施方案中，碳质物质是煤或其衍生物。