摘要:
Elastomeric block copolymers comprising at least one hard block A composed of styrene monomers and at least one elastomeric block (B/A) composed of styrene monomers and dienes, the glass transition temperature Tg of the block A being more than 25° C. and that of block (B/A) being less than 25° C. and the phase volume ratio of block A to block (B/A) being chosen so that the proportion of the hard phase in the total block copolymer is from 1 to 40% by volume and the amount by weight of the diene is less than 50% by weight, and the relative proportion of 1,2 linkages of the polydiene, based on the sum of 1,2- and 1,4-cis/trans linkages, being below 15%, are prepared by anionic polymerization by means of a lithium alkyl in a nonpolar solvent in the presence of a soluble potassium salt and are used for the production of shaped articles.
摘要:
Toughened vinyl aromatic compounds, in particular high impact polystyrene, are prepared by a continuous process in which the vinyl aromatic compound and the impact modifier, an elastomeric block copolymer, are each prepared separately in a reaction zone by anionic polymerization, with or without heat exchange with the environment and, if required, with the addition of a solvent, and are polymerized until complete conversion is achieved, and the living chain ends are terminated in a manner known per se, and a thermoplastic, toughened molding material is based on a vinyl aromatic compound having a residual content of less than 50 ppm of monomers and less than 100 ppm of oligomers.
摘要:
A molding composition based on an impact-modified thermoplastic A selected from ABS, ASA, impact-resistant polystyrene (HIPS) impact resistant polymethyl methacrylate, impact resistant PVC, polycarbonate, polyester carbonate, polyester, polyamide, polyphenylene ether, polyether ketone, polyether sulfone, polysulfone, polyoxyalkylene, polyarylene sulfide and also mixtures thereof containing a matting agent B composed of 30 to 80% by weight of an elastomeric grafting base B1 of 75 to 99.8% by weight of an alkyl acrylate having 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical (B11), 0.1 to 5% by weight of a polyfunctional, crosslinking monomer (B12) and 0.1 to 20% by weight of a monomer containing one or more acidic groups, or 49.9 to 99.9% by weight of one or more dienes (B111), up to 50% by weight of a further ethylenically unsaturated monomer (B112) and 0.1 to 20% by weight of a monomer containing one or more acidic groups (B113), and 20 to 70% by weight of a graft sheath B2 composed of 40 to 99.9% by weight of an aromatic vinyl monomer (B21), up to 49.9% by weight of a polar, copolymerizable, ethylenically unsaturated monomer (B22) and 0.1 to 20% by weight of a monomer containing one or more basic groups (B23), and also a molding composition whose constituents B13 and B113 and B23 are interchanged.
摘要:
A device and a method for actuating an injector in a fuel-injection system of an internal combustion engine are described. Using a first calibration method and based on a control parameter, an injector parameter which characterizes the injection process is determined. Starting from this injector parameter, a first feature is determined for calibrating the injector. A second calibration method determines a second feature for calibrating the injector, based on an engine parameter. The first calibration method is monitored on the basis of the second feature.
摘要:
A method for operating an internal combustion engine in HCCI mode, including: a) sensing a profile of a measured variable of a variable in a combustion chamber of a cylinder; b) identifying combustion feature(s) of a combustion event in a first combustion cycle based on the profile; c) modeling a first value of a state variable at a defined point in time after the first combustion cycle and before a second subsequent combustion cycle based on the identified combustion feature(s); d) determining desired target values of combustion feature(s) of a combustion event in the second subsequent combustion cycle; e) modeling a second value of the state variable at the defined point in time based on the target values; and f) applying control to the internal combustion engine starting at the defined point in time as a function of the first and the second value of the state variable.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for preparing radiation-curing binders containing allophanate groups by reacting, at temperatures of ≦130° C., A) one or more compounds containing uretdione groups with B) one or more OH-functional compounds which contain groups which react, with polymerization, with ethylenically unsaturated compounds on exposure to actinic radiation (radiation-curing groups), C) optionally NCO-reactive compounds other than B), in the presence of D) a catalyst containing at least one zinc compound, to form allophanate groups by opening the uretdione ring. The present invention also relates to the binders obtained by the process of the invention and to coating compositions containing these binders.
摘要:
A method for regulating HCCI combustion of fuel in a reactor of an internal combustion engine is described in which a multivariable regulation is used, manipulated variable changes Δuk for the instantaneous regulating cycle k being determined on the basis of at least system deviations Δxk-1 and manipulated variable changes Δuk-1 of a preceding regulating cycle k−1.
摘要:
This invention relates to DVDs made from polycarbonate and a special UV curable bonder material consisting of A) an urethane acrylate oligomer as binder, which is the reaction product of i) one or more polyisocyanates and ii) one or more hydroxyfunctional lactone ester (meth)acrylates having a number average molecular weight of from 200 g/mol to 2000 g/mol and having the formula: CH2═C(R1)—C(O)—O—R2—[O—C(O)—R3]n—OH wherein, n is an integer from 1 to 5, R1 is hydrogen or methyl, R2 represents an alkylene group or substituted alkylene group having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms and R3 represents a straight or branched chain alkylene group of from 3 to 8 carbon atoms, and which may be substituted with one or more alkyl groups having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, B) a reactive thinner, comprising of mono functional acrylates and/or (meth)acrylates C) a photo initiator and D) optional additives which offers improved performance at high data transfer rates.
摘要:
A process for the salt-free coagulation of polymer dispersions in a rotor/stator assembly is disclosed. The rotor/stator assembly includes a casing, a rotor shaft rotatably mounted within the casing, a rotor having a conical surface affixed to the rotor shaft, and a stator affixed to the casing and concentrically associated with the rotor. The conical surface faces a surface of the stator to form an adjustable shear gap, which is surrounded by an annular space. A polymer dispersion is fed into the assembly and conveyed through the shear gap. During this conveyance, the polymer dispersion is precipitated at a predetermined shear rate and a predetermined shear deformation. The polymer dispersion is discharged from the assembly through an outlet neck, and the assembly is flushed with water using one or more ports formed in at least one of a pipeline coupled to the axial feed neck, the stator, and the casing.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a continuous process for preparing hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylates, more particularly those hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylates which have more than one (meth)acrylate group per molecule.