公开(公告)号：US4291572A

公开(公告)日：1981-09-29

申请号：US165922

申请日：1980-07-03

申请人： Helmut Maurer ,  Gerhard Dillman ,  Franz Rieger ,  Ernst Linder

发明人： Helmut Maurer ,  Gerhard Dillman ,  Franz Rieger ,  Ernst Linder

IPC分类号： G01N27/12 ,  F02D41/14 ,  F02D45/00 ,  G01N27/04 ,  G01N27/26 ,  G01N27/406 ,  G01N27/409 ,  G05D23/275

CPC分类号： F02D41/1494 ,  G01N27/4067 ,  G05D23/275

摘要： A method and system for controlling the temperature of a heat measuring sensor such as an oxygen sensor located in the exhaust line of an internal combustion engine so that the oxygen sensor will operate within optimal operating temperature. To accomplish this, a heating system including a control mechanism is provided for the oxygen sensor which adjusts the temperature of the oxygen sensor by controlling the output of a heater during the operation of the internal combustion engine according to characteristic engine operating conditions which have an effect on the temperature of the oxygen sensor, the most significant of which is engine load status. These conditions are sensed as a quantity by probes located so as to measure such operating conditions and send a signal to the control mechanism and its sensor heater.

摘要翻译： 一种用于控制位于内燃机的排气管中的氧传感器等热测量传感器的温度的方法和系统，以使得氧传感器将在最佳工作温度下运行。 为了实现这一点，为氧传感器提供了包括控制机构的加热系统，其通过根据具有效果的特征发动机操作条件控制内燃机的操作期间加热器的输出来调节氧传感器的温度 关于氧传感器的温度，其中最重要的是发动机负载状态。 这些条件通过位于被测量这样的操作条件的探头感测为数量，并向控制机构及其传感器加热器发送信号。

公开(公告)号：US4155827A

公开(公告)日：1979-05-22

申请号：US918145

申请日：1978-06-22

申请人： Helmut Maurer ,  Franz Rieger ,  Ernst Linder

发明人： Helmut Maurer ,  Franz Rieger ,  Ernst Linder

IPC分类号： G01N27/409 ,  G01N27/403 ,  G01N27/406 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/413 ,  G01N27/58

CPC分类号： G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/4067 ,  G01N27/4078

摘要： An electro-chemical sensor to determine the oxygen content of exhaust gases, particularly from internal combustion engines. The sensor contains a tubular solid electrolyte closed at one end having a catalytically active layer on the outside to be exposed to the exhaust gas. The inside of said solid electrolyte tube is exposed to the ambient air and is provided with a contact portion arranged at the bottom of said solid electrolyte tube. The sensor contains an elongated axial center electrode which is pressured against the bottom (closed end) of the inside of the tubular solid electrolyte, preferably by means of a compression spring which may be mounted internal of said center electrode or external thereof. The central electrode comprises an insulating body having a heating element in the area which will be adjacent the portion of the solid electrolyte in contact with the exhaust gases. Additionally the central electrode also carries an electric lead to said contact portion. The contact portion may be attached to the central electrode.

摘要翻译： 一种电化学传感器，用于确定排气的氧含量，特别是内燃机的氧气含量。 该传感器包含在一端封闭的管状固体电解质，其在外部具有暴露于废气的催化活性层。 所述固体电解质管的内部暴露于环境空气中，并且设置有布置在所述固体电解质管的底部的接触部分。 传感器包含细长的轴向中心电极，其优选地通过可安装在所述中心电极内部或其外部的压缩弹簧抵靠管状固体电解质内部的底部（封闭端）。 中心电极包括绝缘体，该绝缘体在与废气接触的部分固体电解质附近的区域中具有加热元件。 此外，中心电极还带有电引线到所述接触部分。 接触部分可以附接到中心电极。

公开(公告)号：US4496455A

公开(公告)日：1985-01-29

申请号：US604985

申请日：1984-04-27

申请人： Ernst Linder ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger

发明人： Ernst Linder ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger

IPC分类号： G01N27/41 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/413 ,  G01N27/416 ,  G01N27/417 ,  G01N27/48 ,  G01N27/58

CPC分类号： G01N27/417 ,  G01N27/48

摘要： The linearity of response of a polarographic sensor, of the diffusion-limited current type, having a solid electrolyte (1) and being particularly adapted for measuring oxygen content in exhaust gases from combustion processes, is improved by providing the anode (2b) of the sensor's first, measuring cell with a constant, internal supply of reference oxygen. Preventing the oxygen concentration at the anode (2b) from fluctuating eliminates a non-linearity which would otherwise occur in the plot of oxygen concentration versus diffusion-limited current, as the fuel/air ratio of the mixture being combusted passes 1.The oxygen supply takes the form of a second, pumping cell (3a,3b) which can utilize the same solid electrolyte layer (1) as the first cell, and which pumps oxygen ions across the electrolyte to the second cell's anode (3b), where they become oxygen molecules and are directed through a duct (8) to the measuring cell's anode (2b).Excessive pressure in the duct (8) is prevented by providing small pores (10) in the surrounding glass cover (9) for outward diffusion of excess oxygen. A constant voltage is applied to both cells.

摘要翻译： 具有固体电解质（1）并且特别适用于测量来自燃烧过程的废气中的氧含量的扩散受限电流类型的极谱传感器的响应的线性度通过提供阳极（2b） 传感器的第一个测量单元，具有恒定的内部参考氧气供应。 防止阳极（2b）上的氧浓度波动消除了当燃烧的混合物的燃料/空气比通过1时氧气浓度对扩散限制电流的曲线图将出现的非线性。氧气供应 采用可以利用与第一电池相同的固体电解质层（1）的第二泵送电池（3a，3b）的形式，并且将氧离子跨越电解质泵送到第二电池的阳极（3b），在那里它们变成 氧分子并通过导管（8）引导到测量池的阳极（2b）。 通过在周围的玻璃罩（9）中设置小孔（10）以防止过量氧的向外扩散来防止管道（8）中的过大的压力。 对两个电池施加恒定电压。

公开(公告)号：US4426986A

公开(公告)日：1984-01-24

申请号：US358760

申请日：1982-03-16

申请人： Klaus Muller ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Franz Rieger ,  Ernst Linder

发明人： Klaus Muller ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Franz Rieger ,  Ernst Linder

IPC分类号： F02M25/07 ,  F02D21/08 ,  F02M25/06

CPC分类号： F02D41/0065 ,  F02D41/144 ,  F02D41/005 ,  Y02T10/47

摘要： An apparatus is proposed for controlling the exhaust recirculation rate in an internal combustion engine, in particular an engine with auto-ignition, which includes preferably one mixture valve in the area of the discharge opening of the exhaust recirculation line and which is characterized in that the control is accomplished via the mixture valve position ahead of the inlet valves in accordance with the concentration of at least one component of the air-exhaust gas mixture and/or at least one component of the exhaust gas. Thus it is possible to operate the engine with a relatively emission-free exhaust. An exhaust gas reservoir is further provided, with which peaks in the exhaust gas concentration due to a dynamic driving mode can be intercepted. Finally, it is also proposed that the exhaust recirculation be realized solely via a pressure, which can be controlled in open-loop or closed-loop fashion, in the exhaust line by means of a valve.

摘要翻译： 提出了一种用于控制内燃机，特别是具有自动点火的发动机的排气再循环率的装置，其优选地包括在排气再循环管线的排放口的区域中的一个混合阀，并且其特征在于， 根据排气混合物的至少一种组分和/或废气的至少一种组分的浓度，通过进口阀前面的混合阀位置实现控制。 因此，可以用相对无排放的排气来操作发动机。 还设置有废气储存器，由此可以拦截由于动态驱动模式引起的废气浓度的峰值。 最后，还提出排气再循环仅通过可通过阀门在排气管路中以开环或闭环方式控制的压力来实现。

公开(公告)号：US4381748A

公开(公告)日：1983-05-03

申请号：US274919

申请日：1981-06-18

申请人： Konrad Eckert ,  Klaus Muller ,  Ernst Linder ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Franz Rieger ,  Winfried Moser ,  Horst Franke ,  Rainer Burkel ,  Cornelius Peter

发明人： Konrad Eckert ,  Klaus Muller ,  Ernst Linder ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Franz Rieger ,  Winfried Moser ,  Horst Franke ,  Rainer Burkel ,  Cornelius Peter

IPC分类号： F02D21/08 ,  F02D35/02 ,  F02P5/145 ,  F02P5/04 ,  F02M25/06 ,  F02M51/02

CPC分类号： F02D41/0052 ,  F02D35/022 ,  F02P5/1455 ,  Y02T10/46 ,  Y02T10/47

摘要： A method is proposed for regulating the combustion of operating mixtures in the combustion chambers of internal combustion engines. The course of the light intensity of the light resulting from combustion in the combustion chamber is detected and evaluated over the course of combustion; reference control variables derived therefrom are formed for use by subsequently disposed closed-loop control devices of the engine.

摘要翻译： 提出了一种调节内燃机燃烧室内操作混合物燃烧的方法。 在燃烧过程中检测和评估燃烧室燃烧产生的光的光强度; 由此导出的参考控制变量被形成供随后设置的发动机的闭环控制装置使用。

公开(公告)号：US4283261A

公开(公告)日：1981-08-11

申请号：US100256

申请日：1979-12-04

申请人： Helmut Maurer ,  Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger ,  Ernst Linder ,  Hermann Dietz ,  Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Bodo Ziegler

发明人： Helmut Maurer ,  Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger ,  Ernst Linder ,  Hermann Dietz ,  Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Bodo Ziegler

IPC分类号： G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/416 ,  G01N27/46

CPC分类号： G01N27/4071

摘要： To measure partial oxygen pressure in gases, particularly exhaust gases of automotive-type combustion engines, a solid electrolyte plate of elongated rectangular configuration has at least one electrode pair applied to a single surface thereof, which is exposed to the measuring gas. Preferably, the gap between electrodes is elongated, by forming the electrodes in comb-interdigited form. A thermocouple - temperature sensor can be applied between connecting tracks for the electrodes which extend longitudinally of the electrolyte plate towards the other end thereof, through a sealing mass holding the plate within a housing, the other end forming, simultaneously, a connection terminal for connection to an electric connector or plug. A heating element can be placed on the obverse side of the plate, preferably in the position in the gap between the electrodes. More than one such sensor element may be secured in the same housing, and, for example, two such plates, back to back, with the heating element therebetween, spaced from each other, or as a common block. The sensor may be used for potentiometric and/or polarographic measurement, depending upon cover coatings on the electrodes which control exposure thereof to the gases, catalytic or non-catalytic action of the electrodes (for example being of platinum or gold, respectively) and whether a voltage is applied across the electrode terminals, or the sensor is to operate as an electrochemical cell. Such sensor can be inexpensively made, are suitable for mass production, and flexible with respect to their mode of operation.

摘要翻译： 为了测量气体，特别是汽车型内燃机的废气中的部分氧气压力，细长矩形结构的固体电解质板具有至少一个电极对，其被施加到暴露于测量气体的单个表面。 优选地，通过以梳形交错形式形成电极，电极之间的间隙是细长的。 热电偶 - 温度传感器可以被施加在电极的连接轨道之间，电极的连接轨道通过将板保持在壳体内的密封块向另一端延伸，另一端同时形成用于连接的连接端子 电连接器或插头。 加热元件可以放置在板的正面上，优选地位于电极之间的间隙中的位置。 多个这样的传感器元件可以固定在相同的壳体中，并且例如两个这样的板，背对背，加热元件在它们之间，彼此间隔开，或者作为公共块。 传感器可以用于电位和/或极谱测量，这取决于电极上的覆盖物涂层，其控制其暴露于气体，电极的催化或非催化作用（例如分别为铂或金），以及是否 在电极端子上施加电压，或者传感器用作电化学电池。 这种传感器可以廉价地制造，适合于批量生产，并且相对于它们的操作模式是灵活的。

公开(公告)号：US4277323A

公开(公告)日：1981-07-07

申请号：US121600

申请日：1980-02-14

申请人： Klaus Muller ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Ernst Linder ,  Franz Rieger ,  Bodo Ziegler

发明人： Klaus Muller ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Ernst Linder ,  Franz Rieger ,  Bodo Ziegler

IPC分类号： G01N27/41 ,  G01N27/406 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/409 ,  G01N27/413 ,  H01M8/12 ,  G01N27/58

CPC分类号： G01N27/4071 ,  G01N27/4067 ,  H01M8/12

摘要： To improve the response speed of an electrochemical oxygen sensor, particularly for automotive use, to sense the oxygen content in exhaust gases, and which can be operative either as a polarographic sensor (requiring application of a voltage thereto), or as a potentiometric sensor (having one catalytically active electrode and another which is less catalytically active), an elongated insulating carrier plate (29), for example of a ceramic, has layer electrodes (30, 31) applied to one major surface thereof and a layer of solid electrolyte material (32) over the electrodes, so that the electrodes will be embedded in the solid electrolyte material. The carrier plate (29) is of a material pervious to oxygen molecules. A gas-impervious insulating cover (33), for example of a ceramic glass, covers the layer of solid electrolyte material (32). A heating element (34) protected by a protective cover (35), for example of aluminum oxide, can be applied against the gas-impervious cover layer (33).

摘要翻译： 为了提高电化学氧传感器（特别是汽车用途）的响应速度来感测废气中的氧含量，并且其可以作为极谱传感器（要求施加电压）或作为电位传感器 具有一个催化活性电极，另一个催化活性较低），例如陶瓷的细长绝缘载体板（29）具有施加到其一个主表面上的层电极（30,31）和固体电解质材料层 （32），使得电极将被嵌入固体电解质材料中。 载体板（29）是可透过氧分子的材料。 例如陶瓷玻璃的不透气绝缘盖（33）覆盖固体电解质材料层（32）。 由保护罩（35）保护的例如氧化铝的加热元件（34）可被施加到不透气的覆盖层（33）上。

公开(公告)号：US4212720A

公开(公告)日：1980-07-15

申请号：US919700

申请日：1978-06-27

申请人： Helmut Maurer ,  Franz Rieger ,  Ernst Linder ,  Rainer Schussler

发明人： Helmut Maurer ,  Franz Rieger ,  Ernst Linder ,  Rainer Schussler

IPC分类号： G01N27/409 ,  G01N27/406 ,  G01N27/58

CPC分类号： G01N27/4067

摘要： An electrical heating element 35, 35' is located in a thin walled, closed metal tube or sleeve 37, 37' which is packed with a packing material 38, 38' of good heat conductive, insulating properties; the electrical heating element is a spirally wound resistance heater embedded in the insulating packing. A solid electrolyte body 11, 68 surrounds at least a portion of the thin walled metal sleeve and is positioned in heat exchange relation therewith. The solid electrolyte body may be a closed tube 11 or may be applied as a ring element 68 over the thin walled metal tube with an insulating material layer 66 interposed.

摘要翻译： 电加热元件35,35'位于薄壁封闭的金属管或套筒37,37'中，其中填充有具有良好导热，绝缘性能的包装材料38,38'; 电加热元件是嵌入在绝缘包装中的螺旋卷绕的电阻加热器。 固体电解质体11,68包围薄壁金属套筒的至少一部分并与其热交换关系。 固体电解质体可以是封闭管11，或者可以在绝缘材料层66插入的薄壁金属管上方作为环形元件68施加。

公开(公告)号：US4499867A

公开(公告)日：1985-02-19

申请号：US610109

申请日：1984-05-14

申请人： Ernst Linder ,  Winfried Moser ,  Franz Rieger

发明人： Ernst Linder ,  Winfried Moser ,  Franz Rieger

IPC分类号： F02P19/02 ,  F02D19/02

CPC分类号： F02P17/02 ,  F02D35/028 ,  F02P19/021

摘要： The invention is directed to an arrangement for controlling an internal combustion engine equipped with glow plugs. The arrangement includes a heat-control circuit for controlling the temperature of the glow plug and an ancillary control circuit which can be a fuel control circuit for example. The ancillary control circuit takes over from the heat-control circuit for the purpose of controlling the ignition time point of the mixture when the temperature-control has reached its limit. A comparator is provided to monitor the heat-control circuit and to activate the ancillary control circuit if necessary.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于控制配备有电热塞的内燃机的装置。 该装置包括用于控制预热塞的温度的热控制电路和例如可以是燃料控制电路的辅助控制电路。 辅助控制电路从控制电路接管，以便在温度控制达到极限时控制混合物的点火时间点。 提供比较器来监视热控制电路，并在必要时激活辅助控制电路。

公开(公告)号：US4425788A

公开(公告)日：1984-01-17

申请号：US344407

申请日：1982-02-01

申请人： Horst Franke ,  Ernst Linder ,  Winfried Moser ,  Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger

发明人： Horst Franke ,  Ernst Linder ,  Winfried Moser ,  Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger

IPC分类号： G01M15/04 ,  F02B1/04 ,  G01H9/00 ,  G01L23/22 ,  G01M15/10 ,  H01T13/48

CPC分类号： H01T13/48 ,  G01L23/22 ,  G01M15/10 ,  F02B1/04

摘要： To permit individual evaluation of the combustion processes in the respective cylinders (1a-d) of an internal combustion (IC) engine (2), individual optical pick-ups (3a-d; 4a-d) are coupled to the respective cylinders, the output signals either in optical or electrical form are conducted to separate pick-ups for individual evaluation or, alternatively, the output signals are combined and then again separated out by a steering circuit. Individual evaluation can be accomplished by locating light guide fibers from the sensors in a predetermined position with respect to opto-electrical transducers; by forming scanning windows, for example by a rotating disk (19, 20) rotating n in synchronism with the engine and permitting passage of light from the respective fibers of the light guides to respective pick-ups; or by combining the light outputs from the respective sensors (4) either optically by intermixing light guide fibers in a common cable (6'), or electrically in an equivalent OR-circuit (FIG. 8: R.sub.L) with subsequent correlation of the output signal with a specific cylinder by a scanning disk (FIG. 6: 20) with suitably placed openings (22a-d) therein, or an electrical time-multiplex steering circuit (FIG. 8: 30) operating in synchronism with rotation of the engine.

摘要翻译： 为了对内燃（IC）发动机（2）的各汽缸（1a-d）中的燃烧过程进行单独评估，将各个光拾取器（3a-d; 4a-d）联接到相应气缸， 以光学或电气形式输出的信号被传送到用于单独评估的单独的拾取器，或者，输出信号被组合，然后由转向电路再次分离。 可以通过将来自传感器的光导纤维相对于光电换能器定位在预定位置来实现个体评估; 通过形成扫描窗口，例如通过与发动机同步旋转的旋转盘（19,20），并允许光从光导的各个光纤通过到相应的拾取器; 或者通过将光导纤维混合在公共电缆（6'）中，或者在等效的或电路（图8：RL）中电耦合来分别来自各个传感器（4）的光输出， 通过其中具有适当放置的开口（22a-d）的扫描盘（图6：20）或具有与发动机的旋转同步运行的电气时间复用转向电路（图8：30）的具有特定气缸的信号 。