Abstract:
Methods for monitoring the performance of an oxidizing catalyst device are provided. Methods can include treating an exhaust gas stream with the oxidizing catalyst device, determining a reference liberated oxygen (LO) species measurement of the exhaust gas stream, measuring a downstream LO species measurement of the exhaust gas stream using a NOx sensor in a catalyst inactive mode, and determining a LO species differential. The downstream NOx sensor can comprise an amperometric sensor and include a NO2 selective reduction catalyst. Methods for using an amperometric NOx sensor utilizing an NO2 selective reduction catalyst are also provided, and include operating the NOx sensor in a catalyst active mode to generate a first LO species measurement, operating the NOx sensor in a catalyst inactive mode to generate a second LO species measurement, and comparing the first LO species measurement to the second LO species measurement to determine a LO species differential.
Abstract:
In one aspect, a swirl can mixer assembly for mixing a fluid with exhaust gas exhausted from an internal combustion engine is provided. The assembly includes an inlet portion including an injection area configured to receive a fluid injector for dispensing the fluid into the exhaust gas for mixing with the exhaust gas in the mixing assembly to produce an exhaust gas/fluid mixture, an outlet portion, and an extended mixing conduit fluidly coupled between the inlet portion and the outlet portion. The extended mixing conduit is curved about at least a portion of a circumference of the outlet portion to induce a swirl in the exhaust gas/fluid mixture such that the exhaust gas/fluid mixture enters the outlet portion tangentially thereto.
Abstract:
Exhaust gas systems include an oxidation catalyst (OC) capable of receiving exhaust gas and oxidizing one or more of combustable hydrocarbons (HC) and one or more nitrogen oxide (NOx) species, a selective catalytic reduction device (SCR) disposed downstream from and in fluid communication with the OC via a conduit, and an electrically heated catalyst (EHC) disposed at least partially within the conduit downstream from the OC and upstream from the SCR. The EHC comprises a heating element having an outer surface including one or more second oxidation catalyst materials capable of oxidizing CO, HC, and one or more NOx species. The OC includes one or more storage materials individually or collectively capable of storing NOx and/or HC species. Exhaust gas can be supplied by an internal combustion engine which can optionally power a vehicle.
Abstract:
Methods for monitoring the performance of an oxidizing catalyst device are provided. Methods can include treating an exhaust gas stream with the oxidizing catalyst device, determining a reference liberated oxygen (LO) species measurement of the exhaust gas stream, measuring a downstream LO species measurement of the exhaust gas stream using a NOx sensor in a catalyst inactive mode, and determining a LO species differential. The downstream NOx sensor can comprise an amperometric sensor and include a NO2 selective reduction catalyst. Methods for using an amperometric NOx sensor utilizing an NO2 selective reduction catalyst are also provided, and include operating the NOx sensor in a catalyst active mode to generate a first LO species measurement, operating the NOx sensor in a catalyst inactive mode to generate a second LO species measurement, and comparing the first LO species measurement to the second LO species measurement to determine a LO species differential.
Abstract:
A system is provided and includes a fuel module that, based on a crankshaft angle of an engine, generates a value indicative of an amount of fuel burned in a cylinder or a change in the amount of fuel burned. A heat release module, based on the value, determines an amount of heat released during a combustion event of the cylinder. A pressure module, based on the amount of heat released, estimates a pressure in the cylinder. A temperature module, based on the pressure, estimates a temperature in the cylinder. A concentration module, based on the pressure or the temperature, estimates nitrogen oxide concentration levels in the cylinder. An output module, based on the nitrogen oxide concentration levels, estimates an amount of nitrogen oxides. A control module, based on the amount of nitrogen oxides out of the cylinder, controls operation of the engine or an exhaust system.
Abstract:
An exhaust gas system for an engine producing an exhaust gas includes an exhaust gas tube configured to receive the exhaust gas. A particulate filter is in fluid communication with the exhaust gas tube and configured to undergo thermal regeneration when the exhaust gas in the particulate filter is heated above a regeneration temperature. A generator unit is positioned downstream of the particulate filter and includes a first catalyst. A tank is configured to store a precursor material. The generator unit is configured to employ the precursor material and the heat generated for the thermal regeneration of the particulate filter to generate an ammonia gas from the precursor material. The system includes a controller having a processor and tangible, non-transitory memory on which is recorded instructions for executing a method of controlling generation of ammonia gas in the generator unit and injection of ammonia gas in the exhaust gas tube.