摘要:
A process for continuously preparing 2-pyrrolidone by reacting gamma-butyrolactone with ammonia in the liquid phase in the presence of water, wherein the reaction is carried out at a temperature of from 275 to 300° C. and an absolute pressure of from 140 to 180 bar.
摘要:
Process for the continuous preparation of N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone (NEP) by reacting gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) with monoethylamine (MEA) in the liquid phase, wherein GBL and MEA are used in a molar ratio in the range from 1:1.08 to 1:2 an the reaction is carried out at a temperature in the range from 320 to 420° C. and an absolute pressure in the range from 70 to 120 bar.
摘要:
Process for the continuous preparation of N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone (NEP) by reacting gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) with monoethylamine (MEA) in the liquid phase, wherein GBL and MEA are used in a molar ratio in the range from 1:1.08 to 1:2 an the reaction is carried out at a temperature in the range from 320 to 420° C. and an absolute pressure in the range from 70 to 120 bar.
摘要:
The invention relates to a reactor for performing high-pressure reactions, comprising at least one tube (31) whose ends are each conducted through a tube plate (33) and which is bonded to the tube plate (33). The tube plates (33) and the at least one tube (31) are surrounded by an outer jacket, such that an outer space (39) is formed between the tube (31) and the outer jacket. The tube plates (33) each have at least one surface composed of a nickel-base alloy and the at least one tube (31) is in each case welded on to the surface composed of the nickel-base alloy. The surface composed of the nickel-base alloy points in each case in the direction of the particular reactor end. The outer jacket has a thickness which is sufficient to absorb tensile forces which occur between tube (31) and outer jacket owing to a temperature difference in the event of different expansion. The invention further relates to a process for starting up the reactor and for performing an exothermic reaction in the reactor.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for preparing a polyalkenylamine, in which the solvent used for the reaction is exchanged for a different solvent.
摘要:
The present invention relates to polyalkene amine formulations comprising at least one polyalkene amine in a solvent, having improved performance properties, especially improved low temperature properties; a process for preparing such formulations and the use of these formulations in fuel and lubricant compositions, in particular fuels, for improving the intake system-cleaning action of such fuels.
摘要:
The present invention relates to polyalkene amine formulations comprising at least one polyalkene amine in a solvent, having improved performance properties, especially improved low temperature properties; a process for preparing such formulations and the use of these formulations in fuel and lubricant compositions, in particular fuels, for improving the intake system-cleaning action of such fuels.
摘要:
Processes comprising: providing a starting material comprising diethylene glycol; and reacting the starting material with ammonia in the presence of a heterogeneous transition metal catalyst to form a reaction product comprising aminodiglycol and morpholine; wherein the catalyst comprises a catalytically active composition, which prior to treatment with hydrogen, comprises a mixture of oxygen-containing compounds of copper, nickel, cobalt and at least one of aluminum and zirconium; and wherein the catalyst is present as one or more shaped catalyst particles selected from spheres, extrudates, pellets and other geometries, wherein the sphere or extradate has a diameter of