Toner, process cartridge, developer, and image forming apparatus
    17.
    发明授权
    Toner, process cartridge, developer, and image forming apparatus 有权
    调色剂,处理盒,显影剂和图像形成装置

    公开(公告)号:US09477165B2

    公开(公告)日:2016-10-25

    申请号:US14658698

    申请日:2015-03-16

    摘要: A toner including a polyester resin having an amorphous polyester segment is provided. The amorphous polyester segment includes a condensation polymerization product between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. The carboxylic acid includes both aliphatic and aromatic dicarboxylic acids. The toner deforms with a deformation rate of from 1.0% to 5.0% under a pressure of 100 gf at 40° C. and 80% RH. In a binarized image of an AFM phase image of the toner, first phase-contrast images serving as large-phase-difference portions are dispersed in second phase-contrast images serving as small-phase-difference portions, and the first phase-contrast images have a dispersion diameter of 100 nm or less. An endothermic quantity Q1 obtained in a first heating of DSC is from 10 to 50 J/g, and a ratio of an endothermic quantity obtained in the second heating Q2 to that in first heating Q1 is 0.65 or less.

    摘要翻译: 提供了包含具有无定形聚酯链段的聚酯树脂的调色剂。 无定形聚酯链段包括羧酸和醇之间的缩聚产物。 羧酸包括脂族和芳族二羧酸。 调色剂在40℃,80%RH下,在100gf的压力下,变形率为1.0%〜5.0%。 在调色剂的AFM相位图像的二值化图像中,用作大相差部分的第一相位差图像分散在用作小相位差部分的第二相位对比图像中,并且第一相位差图像 具有100nm以下的分散直径。 在DSC的第一加热中获得的吸热量Q1为10〜50J / g,第二加热Q2中得到的吸热量与第一加热Q1的吸热量的比为0.65以下。

    Evaluation method of diagnostic function for variable valve mechanism and evaluation apparatus for variable valve mechanism
    19.
    发明授权
    Evaluation method of diagnostic function for variable valve mechanism and evaluation apparatus for variable valve mechanism 失效
    可变气门机构诊断功能评估方法及可变气门机构评价装置

    公开(公告)号:US07263957B2

    公开(公告)日:2007-09-04

    申请号:US11272875

    申请日:2005-11-15

    IPC分类号: F01L1/34

    摘要: Evaluation method of evaluating a diagnosing function for a variable valve mechanism of an engine valve in which a desired value used for feedback-control of the variable valve mechanism is subjected to a low-pass filter processing so as to produce a state such that a response delay of the variable valve mechanism is generated, and a transient response of the variable valve mechanism is diagnosed in this state. As a result, if it is not determined that a response delay is generated, it is determined that the diagnosing function is abnormal. An evaluation apparatus for carrying out the method is also disclosed.

    摘要翻译: 对用于可变气门机构的反馈控制的期望值进行低通滤波处理的发动机气门的可变气门机构的诊断功能的评价方法,以便产生使得响应 产生可变阀机构的延迟,并且在该状态下诊断可变阀机构的瞬态响应。 结果,如果没有确定产生响应延迟,则确定诊断功能异常。 还公开了一种用于执行该方法的评估装置。