公开(公告)号：US06387408B1

公开(公告)日：2002-05-14

申请号：US09059646

申请日：1998-04-13

Applicant: Lisbeth Illum ,  Paul Williams ,  Antony James Caston

Inventor： Lisbeth Illum ,  Paul Williams ,  Antony James Caston

IPC: A61K914

CPC classification number: A61K9/5052 ,  A61K9/167 ,  Y02A50/473

Abstract: Adhesive material from the fimbriae (esp. Type 1) of bacteria or synthetic analogues or fragments thereof is combined with a drug to provide for attachment to the gut of a mammal, thereby prolonging the transit time of the drug through the gut. The 28 kDa polypeptide from E. coli Type 1 fimbriae is the preferred adhesive material (“adhesin”). The drug is presented in a carrier such as albumin, a polylactide/glycolide copolymer or alginate microcapsules. The adhesin may be incorporated in the carrier during preparation thereof, adsorbed onto the carrier after preparation, or covalently linked thereto, for example with carbodiimide.

Abstract translation: 来自菌毛（特别是1型）的细菌或合成类似物或其片段的粘合剂材料与药物组合以提供与哺乳动物的肠道连接，从而延长药物通过肠道的通过时间。28kDa 来自大肠杆菌1型菌毛的多肽是优选的粘合剂材料（“粘附素”）。 药物存在于载体如白蛋白，聚丙交酯/乙交酯共聚物或藻酸盐微胶囊中。 粘附素可以在其制备过程中加入到载体中，在制备后吸附到载体上或与其共价连接，例如与碳二亚胺形成。

公开(公告)号：US4954891A

公开(公告)日：1990-09-04

申请号：US300089

申请日：1989-01-23

Applicant: Gary N. Burk ,  Thomas O. McCanney ,  Paul Williams

Inventor： Gary N. Burk ,  Thomas O. McCanney ,  Paul Williams

IPC: G01B11/30 ,  G01N21/86 ,  G01N21/89 ,  G01N21/892 ,  G03B15/02

CPC classification number: G01N21/8901 ,  G01N2021/8627

Abstract: A light source module for use with a multi-camera array in a video surface inspection system includes a first light emitter which extends lengthwise across the entire width of a sheet to be inspected. Light from the first light emitter, which preferably comprises one or more fluorescent lamps, is received by a light guide and carried by the guide to uniformly illuminate a band extending entirely across the width of the moving sheet. The light guide comprises a transparent thermoplastic such that the light receiving end of the guide can be bent to define a plurality of sections which can be axially aligned with a corresponding plurality of fluorescent lamps. The fluorescent lamps may be powered by individual inverter ballasts which may be driven inturn by one or more variable dc power supplied to control the intensity of light emitted by the lamps. The light source module can also assist the inspection system in overcoming redundant data processing problems by providing second light emitters which illuminate the sheet in overlapping portions of the field of view of adjacent cameras of the multi-camera array to define data dividing points. Accordingly, duplicated data generated by the video cameras can be divided among the cameras at the defined data dividing points such that duplicated data is only processed once by the video surface inspection system.

公开(公告)号：US4450404A

公开(公告)日：1984-05-22

申请号：US315173

申请日：1981-10-26

Applicant: Paul Williams ,  Dan R. Landis

Inventor： Paul Williams ,  Dan R. Landis

IPC: G01B13/06 ,  G01B7/10 ,  G01B13/04 ,  G01N27/72

CPC classification number: G01B13/06

Abstract: A gauging apparatus for sheet materials and the like comprises a surface follower body (14,20,30) adapted to be constrained without substantial solid bodily contact and guided (e.g., by gas bearings between 32 and 36 and 38) for movement along a surface follower path that intersects the path of a traveling sheet (10) to be gauged. The body has a passage (46) adapted to carry a flow of pressurized gas to be discharged against one surface of the sheet. The discharge of the gas is effective when the body is at a predetermined distance from the surface to generate a levitating force (on 20) urging the body away from the sheet surface. Means (70,64,62) responsive to the pressure of the gas in the passage exerts on the body (at 64) a counteracting force that tends to move the body closer to the surface. The counteracting force increases when the pressure increases and decreases when the pressure decreases, and coacts with the levitating force in such a manner that the predetermined distance of the body from the surface is normally maintained substantially constant and is relatively unaffected by minor variations in the pressure of the gas in the passage.

Abstract translation: 用于片材材料等的测量装置包括适于被约束的表面从动体（14,20,30），其没有大体上的实体身体接触并且被引导（例如，通过32和36和38之间的气体轴承），以沿着表面 跟随路径，其与待测量的行进板（10）的路径相交。 主体具有一个通道（46），该通道（46）适于承载要排放到片材的一个表面上的加压气体流。 当身体距离表面处于预定距离处时，气体的排出是有效的，以产生使身体远离片材表面的悬浮力（20度）。 响应于通道中的气体的压力的装置（70,64,62）在主体（在64处）施加趋向于使主体更靠近表面移动的反作用力。 当压力降低时，当压力增加和减小时，反作用力增加，并且以悬浮力共同作用，使得身体从表面的预定距离通常保持基本上恒定，并且相对不受压力的微小变化的影响 的气体在通道。

公开(公告)号：US4027161A

公开(公告)日：1977-05-31

申请号：US673534

申请日：1976-04-05

Applicant: Paul Williams ,  Jon Francis Pugh

Inventor： Paul Williams ,  Jon Francis Pugh

IPC: G01B11/06 ,  G01N21/86 ,  G01J1/00

CPC classification number: G01N21/86 ,  G01B11/0691

Abstract: A property of a thin, infrared radiation-transmissive film of plastic or the like with specular surfaces is measured with substantial freedom from errors caused by wave interference effects, utilizing first and second infrared radiations having wavelengths selected so that one of the radiations is subject to greater absorption in the film material than the other radiation. Beams of each of the radiations are directed from a multiplicity of points as on the diffusively reflective inner surface of a sphere to a surface of the film at a broad spectrum of incidence angles so that the beams traverse a multiplicity of paths through the film constituting a broad spectrum of path lengths. Radiations leaving the film are intercepted and redirected from a multiplicity of points to a surface of the film at a broad spectrum of incidence angles so that the redirected radiations also traverse a multiplicity of paths through the film constituting a broad spectrum of path lengths. Each of the first and second radiations are detected with detecting means so arranged with respect to the directing and redirecting points that detected components of each radiation are added at substantially all possible phase angles and so that the components of each of the respective radiations at each of the possible phase angles approach equality of intensity as detected by the detecting means. A response produced is indicative of the film property as a function of the ratio of the detected intensities of the first and second infrared radiations.

Abstract translation: 测量具有镜面的塑料等的薄的红外辐射透射膜的性质，其基本上免于由波浪干扰效应引起的误差，利用具有选择的波长的第一和第二红外辐射使得辐射中的一个受到 与其他辐射相比，膜材料吸收更大。 每个辐射的光束以多个点如球面的漫反射内表面以宽的入射角被引导到膜的表面，使得光束穿过多个通过构成膜的膜的路径 广谱的路径长度。 离开胶片的辐射被截取并且以多个入射角从多个点重新定向到胶片的表面，使得重定向的辐射也穿过构成广谱路径长度的膜的多条路径。 第一和第二辐射中的每一个都是用相对于引导和重定向点布置的检测装置来检测的，其中检测到的各个辐射的分量基本上以所有可能的相位角被相加，并且使得每个辐射中的每一个的分量在 由检测装置检测到的可能的相位角接近强度相等。 产生的响应表示作为第一和第二红外辐射的检测强度之比的函数的膜性质。

公开(公告)号：US20130331967A1

公开(公告)日：2013-12-12

申请号：US13689218

申请日：2012-11-29

Applicant: Lee Amaitis ,  Paul Williams ,  Nolan Glantz

Inventor： Lee Amaitis ,  Paul Williams ,  Nolan Glantz

IPC: A63F9/24

CPC classification number: G07F17/3244 ,  A63F9/24 ,  G07F17/3293

Abstract: Some embodiments may include a poker indexing service. For example, a multi dimensional vector of player performance and/or other data may be determined based on gaming related activity that is input or otherwise captured. Such a vector may be used in various forms to generate a metric or to facilitate wagering and/or other gaming activity. Other methods and apparatus are described.

公开(公告)号：US08221852B2

公开(公告)日：2012-07-17

申请号：US12207973

申请日：2008-09-10

Applicant: Peter Nicholas Heys ,  Andrew Kingsley ,  Fuquan Song ,  Paul Williams ,  Thomas Leese ,  Hywel Owen Davies ,  Rajesh Odedra

Inventor： Peter Nicholas Heys ,  Andrew Kingsley ,  Fuquan Song ,  Paul Williams ,  Thomas Leese ,  Hywel Owen Davies ,  Rajesh Odedra

IPC: H05H1/24 ,  C23C16/00 ,  C23C8/00

CPC classification number: C23C16/45553

Abstract: Methods of forming titanium-containing films by atomic layer deposition are provided. The methods comprise delivering at least one precursor to a substrate, wherein the at least one precursor corresponds in structure to Formula I: wherein: R is C1-C6-alkyl; n is zero, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; L is C1-C6-alkoxy or amino, wherein the amino is optionally independently substituted 1 or 2 times with C1-C6-alkyl.

Abstract translation: 提供了通过原子层沉积形成含钛膜的方法。 所述方法包括将至少一种前体递送至底物，其中所述至少一种前体在结构上相应于式I：其中：R是C 1 -C 6 - 烷基; n为零，1，2，3，4或5; L是C1-C6-烷氧基或氨基，其中氨基任选独立地被C 1 -C 6 - 烷基取代1或2次。

公开(公告)号：US20090271790A1

公开(公告)日：2009-10-29

申请号：US12293290

申请日：2007-03-19

Applicant: Paul Williams

Inventor： Paul Williams

IPC: G06F9/30 ,  G06F9/46

CPC classification number: G06F9/3836 ,  G06F9/3842 ,  G06F9/3851 ,  G06F9/3859

Abstract: A computer processor comprises a memory and logic and control circuitry utilizing instructions and operands used thereby. The logic and control circuitry includes: an execution buffer each location of which can contain an instruction or data together with a tag indicating the status of the information in the location; means for executing the instructions in the buffer in dependence on the statuses of the current instruction and the operands in the buffer used by that instruction, and a program counter for fetching instructions sequentially from the memory. The tags include data, instruction, reserved, and empty tags. The processor may to execute instructions as parallel tasks subject to their data dependencies and a system may include several such processors. FIGS. 2-5 show successive stages of the execution buffer in performing a short program.

Abstract translation: 计算机处理器包括利用由此使用的指令和操作数的存储器和逻辑和控制电路。 逻辑和控制电路包括：执行缓冲器，其每个位置可以包含指示或数据以及指示位置中的信息的状态的标签; 用于根据当前指令的状态和由该指令使用的缓冲器中的操作数执行缓冲器中的指令的装置，以及用于从存储器顺序取出指令的程序计数器。 标签包括数据，指令，保留和空标签。 处理器可以执行指令作为受其数据依赖性的并行任务，并且系统可以包括若干这样的处理器。 图 图2-5示出了在执行短节目时执行缓冲器的连续阶段。

公开(公告)号：US20090081385A1

公开(公告)日：2009-03-26

申请号：US12207968

申请日：2008-09-10

Applicant: Peter Nicholas Heys ,  Andrew Kingsley ,  Fuquan Song ,  Paul Williams ,  Thomas Leese ,  Hywel Owen Davies ,  Rajesh Odedra

Inventor： Peter Nicholas Heys ,  Andrew Kingsley ,  Fuquan Song ,  Paul Williams ,  Thomas Leese ,  Hywel Owen Davies ,  Rajesh Odedra

IPC: B05D5/12

CPC classification number: C23C16/45553

Abstract: Methods of forming a metal-containing film by atomic layer deposition is provided. The methods comprise delivering at least one precursor to a substrate, wherein the at least one precursor corresponds in structure to Formula II: wherein: M is Hf or Zr; R is C1-C6-alkyl; n is zero, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; L is C1-C6-alkoxy. Further methods are provided of forming a metal-containing film by liquid injection atomic layer deposition. The methods comprise delivering at least one precursor to a substrate, wherein the at least one precursor corresponds in structure to Formula III: wherein: M is Hf or Zr; R is C1-C6-alkyl; n is zero, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; L is amino, wherein the amino is optionally independently substituted 1 or 2 times with C1-C6-alkyl.

Abstract translation: 提供了通过原子层沉积法形成含金属膜的方法。 所述方法包括将至少一种前体递送至基底，其中所述至少一种前体在结构上相应于式II：其中：M是Hf或Zr; R是C 1 -C 6 - 烷基; n为零，1，2，3，4或5; L是C1-C6-烷氧基。 提供了通过液体注入原子层沉积形成含金属膜的其它方法。 所述方法包括将至少一种前体递送至基底，其中所述至少一种前体在结构上对应于式III：其中：M是Hf或Zr; R是C 1 -C 6 - 烷基; n为零，1，2，3，4或5; L是氨基，其中氨基任选独立地被C 1 -C 6烷基取代1或2次。

公开(公告)号：US20050264816A1

公开(公告)日：2005-12-01

申请号：US10856885

申请日：2004-05-27

Applicant: Paul Williams

Inventor： Paul Williams

IPC: C12M1/34 ,  G01J1/32 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01N21/53 ,  G01N21/85 ,  G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G01N21/534 ,  G01N21/274 ,  G01N21/4785 ,  G01N21/8507 ,  G01N2021/8535 ,  G01N2201/0218 ,  G01N2201/024 ,  G01N2201/1242 ,  G01N2201/12746

Abstract: An in-situ technique is provided for automatically verifying proper operation of a photometric device, such as a cell density probe (CDP). The CDP has a first detector and a second detector. The first detector senses light that is transmitted from a light source of the CDP. The second detector senses light that has passed through an optical gap at a tip of the CDP, wherein the sensed light has been reduced in intensity due to light absorption. Electrical current provided to the light source is reduced, and the resultant values of a light characteristic (such as intensity) at the first and second detectors are sensed. These values from the detectors are compared against one or more predicted values. If the CDP is operating properly, the values from the detectors will be consistent with the predicted values. If there is a malfunction in the CDP, then the values from the detectors will be inconsistent with the predicted values.

Abstract translation: 提供了用于自动验证诸如细胞密度探针（CDP）的光度测量装置的正确操作的原位技术。 CDP具有第一检测器和第二检测器。 第一检测器感测从CDP的光源传输的光。 第二检测器感测已经通过CDP顶端的光学间隙的光，其中感测的光由于光吸收而被强度降低。 提供给光源的电流减小，并且感测在第一和第二检测器处的​​光特性（例如强度）的合成值。 来自检测器的这些值与一个或多个预测值进行比较。 如果CDP正常工作，检测器的值将与预测值一致。 如果CDP出现故障，则检测器的值将与预测值不一致。

公开(公告)号：US06852473B2

公开(公告)日：2005-02-08

申请号：US10424312

申请日：2003-04-28

Applicant: William Roberts ,  Marlene Strobl ,  Paul Williams ,  Douglas J. Guerrero ,  Alice F. Martin

Inventor： William Roberts ,  Marlene Strobl ,  Paul Williams ,  Douglas J. Guerrero ,  Alice F. Martin

IPC: H01L21/027 ,  G03C5/00 ,  B01F15/04

CPC classification number: H01L21/0276

Abstract: A method for forming an anti-reflective coating on a semiconductor substrate, including providing a first vessel containing an anti-reflective coating component and a second vessel containing a solvent. The anti-reflective coating component from the first vessel and the solvent from the second vessel are supplied to a mixing chamber. The anti-reflective coating component and the solvent are mixed in the mixing chamber to form a product. The product is transferred to the semiconductor substrate. The product is applied to the semiconductor substrate to form the anti-reflective coating. A system for forming an anti-reflective coating on a semiconductor substrate, including a first vessel for containing an anti-reflective coating component and a second vessel for containing a solvent. The system also includes a mixing chamber for mixing the anti-reflective coating component with the solvent to form a product, and a fluid transport system connecting the mixing chamber and the substrate for supplying the product from the mixing chamber to the semiconductor substrate to form the anti-reflective coating.

Abstract translation: 一种在半导体衬底上形成抗反射涂层的方法，包括提供含有抗反射涂层组分的第一容器和含有溶剂的第二容器。 来自第一容器的抗反射涂层组分和来自第二容器的溶剂被供应到混合室。 将防反射涂层组分和溶剂混合在混合室中以形成产物。 将产物转移到半导体衬底。 将产品施加到半导体衬底以形成抗反射涂层。 一种用于在半导体衬底上形成抗反射涂层的系统，包括用于容纳抗反射涂层组分的第一容器和用于容纳溶剂的第二容器。 该系统还包括用于将抗反射涂层组分与溶剂混合以形成产物的混合室，以及连接混合室和基底的流体输送系统，用于将产物从混合室供给至半导体基底，以形成 防反射涂层。