公开(公告)号：US4824740A

公开(公告)日：1989-04-25

申请号：US198604

申请日：1988-05-09

申请人： Martin L. Abrams ,  Daniel L. D'Aquila ,  Glenn W. Scheffler

发明人： Martin L. Abrams ,  Daniel L. D'Aquila ,  Glenn W. Scheffler

IPC分类号： H01M8/04 ,  H01M2/00

CPC分类号： H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/04119

摘要： Fuel Cell stack coolant water is processed by moving the two-phase water/steam coolant exhaust through a steam separator wherein the water phase is separated from the steam phase. The water phase is then moved through a heat exchanger where its temperature is lowered to a subcooled level which is below the coolant operating temperature in the stack. A flow control valve is associated with the coolant heat exchanger to regulate water flow through and/or around the heat exchanger depending on the temperature of the water which leaves the steam separator. By subcooling the coolant before it reenters the stack, a lessening of electrolyte loss through evaporation is achieved. By eliminating steam condensation as a form of system heat rejection, system engineering is simplified and construction costs are lowered.

摘要翻译： 燃料电池堆冷却水通过将两相水/蒸汽冷却剂排气通过蒸汽分离器移动来处理，其中水相与蒸汽相分离。 然后将水相移动通过热交换器，其中其温度降低到低于堆中的冷却剂操作温度的过冷水平。 流量控制阀与冷却剂热交换器相关联，以根据离开蒸汽分离器的水的温度调节通过热交换器和/或周围的水流。 通过在冷却剂重新进入堆叠之前过冷却，实现通过蒸发减少电解质损失。 通过消除蒸汽冷凝作为系统排热的一种形式，简化了系统工程，降低了施工成本。

公开(公告)号：US06187466B1

公开(公告)日：2001-02-13

申请号：US09121756

申请日：1998-07-23

申请人： Craig R. Schroll ,  Glenn W. Scheffler ,  Donald L. Maricle

发明人： Craig R. Schroll ,  Glenn W. Scheffler ,  Donald L. Maricle

IPC分类号： H01M200

CPC分类号： H01M8/0234 ,  H01M8/0247 ,  H01M8/0263 ,  H01M8/0267 ,  H01M8/0271 ,  H01M8/04074 ,  H01M8/04119 ,  H01M8/2483

摘要： A fuel cell (10), having a proton exchange membrane (48), an anode and a cathode, and cathode and anode water transport plates (12, 16), includes a water capillary edge seal to optimize and greatly improve fuel cell operation without the need for additional seals or impregnation of the water transport plates. The water filled porous bodies of the water transport plates (12, 16) use the capillary forces of the water, which is a product of the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell (10) and the preferred coolant, to prevent gas intrusion into the water system and over board leakage of the gases as well as the resultant hazardous mixture of gaseous fuel and oxidizing gas.

摘要翻译： 具有质子交换膜（48），阳极和阴极以及阴极和阳极水输送板（12,16）的燃料电池（10）包括水毛细管边缘密封，以优化并大大改善燃料电池操作而没有 需要额外的密封或浸渍水输送板。 水输送板（12,16）的充水多孔体使用作为燃料电池（10）和优选冷却剂的电化学反应的产物的水的毛细管力，以防止气体侵入水中 系统和板上的气体泄漏以及所产生的气体燃料和氧化气体的有害混合物。

公开(公告)号：US06794077B2

公开(公告)日：2004-09-21

申请号：US10036181

申请日：2001-12-28

申请人： Jung S. Yi ,  Deliang Yang ,  Richard D. Breault ,  Albert P. Grasso ,  Glenn W. Scheffler

发明人： Jung S. Yi ,  Deliang Yang ,  Richard D. Breault ,  Albert P. Grasso ,  Glenn W. Scheffler

IPC分类号： H01M202

CPC分类号： H01M8/04291 ,  H01M8/0247 ,  H01M8/0267 ,  H01M8/04104 ,  H01M8/04134 ,  H01M8/241 ,  H01M8/2457 ,  H01M8/2484

摘要： A proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell includes fuel and oxidant flow field plates (26, 40) having fuel and oxidant channels (27, 28; 41, 44), and water channels, the ends (29, 48) of which that are adjacent to the corresponding reactant gas inlet manifold (34, 42) are dead ended, the other ends (31, 50) draining excess water into the corresponding reactant gas exhaust manifold (36, 45). Flow restrictors (39, 47) maintain reactant gas pressure above exit manifold pressure, and may comprise interdigitated channels (65, 66; 76, 78). Solid reactant gas flow field plates have small holes (85, 88) between reactant gas channels (27, 28; 41) and water drain channels (29, 30; 49, 50). In one embodiment, the fuel cells of a stack may be separated by either coolant plates (51) or solid plates (55) or both. In a second embodiment, coolant plates (51a) have weep holes (57) that inject water into the ends (29) of the reactant gas water channels which are in the region of the inlet manifold (34), thereby assuring humidification of the reactants.

摘要翻译： 质子交换膜（PEM）燃料电池包括具有燃料和氧化剂通道（27,28,41,44）和水通道的燃料和氧化剂流场板（26,40），其中所述端部（29,48） 邻近相应的反应气体入口歧管（34,42）是死端的，另一端（31,50）将多余的水排放到相应的反应气体排气歧管（36,45）中。 流量限制器（39,47）将反应气体压力保持在出口歧管压力以上，并且可以包括交错的通道（65,66; 76,78）。 固体反应物气体流场板在反应气体通道（27,28; 41）和排水通道（29,30; 49,50）之间具有小孔（85,88）。 在一个实施例中，堆叠的燃料电池可以由冷却板（51）或固体板（55）或两者分开。 在第二实施例中，冷却剂板（51a）具有将水注入位于入口歧管（34）的区域中的反应物气体水通道的端部（29）的排水孔（57），从而确保反应物的加湿 。

公开(公告)号：US4729930A

公开(公告)日：1988-03-08

申请号：US55570

申请日：1987-05-29

申请人： Daniel W. Beal ,  Glenn W. Scheffler

发明人： Daniel W. Beal ,  Glenn W. Scheffler

IPC分类号： H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/04089

摘要： The performance of fuel cell power plants using air as the oxygen source is reduced during periods of load increase because the response of the fuel cells to the load change is relatively instantaneous. While cell response is instantaneous, changes in air supply are not. In order to temporarily increase the air supply to the cells during such a load change, auxiliary solenoid operated valves having high response characteristics are opened to allow greater air flow to the cells. When the oxygen flow rate is determined to be sufficient for the measured load, the auxiliary valves are closed.

公开(公告)号：US5792572A

公开(公告)日：1998-08-11

申请号：US656569

申请日：1996-05-31

申请人： Peter F. Foley ,  Francis J. Luczak ,  John L. Preston, Jr. ,  Christopher R. Teeling ,  Richard D. Breault ,  Robert R. Fredley ,  Glenn W. Scheffler

发明人： Peter F. Foley ,  Francis J. Luczak ,  John L. Preston, Jr. ,  Christopher R. Teeling ,  Richard D. Breault ,  Robert R. Fredley ,  Glenn W. Scheffler

IPC分类号： B01D53/58 ,  C01B25/28 ,  H01M8/02 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/06

CPC分类号： B01D53/58 ,  H01M8/0662 ,  H01M2300/0008 ,  H01M8/04014 ,  H01M8/0612

摘要： Ammonia which is found in fuel cell fuel gases is removed therefrom by passing the fuel gas stream through a scrubber bed of porous carbon pellets containing phosphoric acid. The ammonia reacts with the phosphoric acid in the scrubber bed to form ammonium phosphate compounds which remain in the scrubber bed. The ammonia content of the fuel gas stream is thus lowered to a concentration of about one ppm or less. By maintaining the temperature of the fuel gas stream passing through the scrubber bed in a range of about 400.degree. F. to about 450.degree. F. sufficient phosphoric acid will also be evaporated from the scrubber bed to replace acid electrolyte lost during operation of the power plant. Adjustments in the temperature of the fuel gas flowing through the scrubber may be made in order to match electrolyte losses which occur during different operating phases of the power plant. The scrubber formed in accordance with this invention thus serves two functions, one being to remove ammonia from the fuel gas stream, and the other being to replenish electrolyte lost in the power plant during normal operation thereof.

摘要翻译： 在燃料电池燃料气体中发现的氨通过使燃料气流通过含有磷酸的多孔碳粒料的洗涤床而被除去。 氨与洗涤床中的磷酸反应形成残留在洗涤床中的磷酸铵化合物。 因此，燃料气流的氨含量降低至约1ppm或更低的浓度。 通过将通过洗涤器床的燃料气体流的温度保持在约400°F至约450°F的范围内。足够的磷酸也将从洗涤床中蒸发以代替在功率运行期间损失的酸性电解质 厂。 可以对流过洗涤器的燃料气体的温度进行调节，以便匹配在发电厂的不同运行阶段期间发生的电解质损失。 因此，根据本发明形成的洗涤器具有两个功能，一个是从燃料气流中除去氨，另一个是在正常操作期间补充在发电厂中损失的电解质。

公开(公告)号：US4859545A

公开(公告)日：1989-08-22

申请号：US190431

申请日：1988-05-05

申请人： Glenn W. Scheffler ,  George Vartanian

发明人： Glenn W. Scheffler ,  George Vartanian

IPC分类号： H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/04097 ,  H01M8/04223

摘要： A system and method for regulating the total oxygen content entering the cathode side of a fuel cell stack at less than full power depends on measurement of: oxygen partial pressure in the cathode exhaust stream; total flow entering the cathode; and current produced by the stack. During partial power operation of the stack, it is desirable to limit the cathode potential, or voltage, by recycling cathode exhaust and mixing it with incoming fresh air fed into the cathodes. This system ensures that the total oxygen flow to the cathodes remains constant at any given current by reducing the amount of fresh air flowing to the cathodes as the recycled cathode exhaust flow is increased.

公开(公告)号：US4203963A

公开(公告)日：1980-05-20

申请号：US859381

申请日：1977-12-12

申请人： Glenn W. Scheffler ,  Yasar Tanrikut

发明人： Glenn W. Scheffler ,  Yasar Tanrikut

IPC分类号： C01B3/34 ,  C01B1/13

CPC分类号： C01B3/34

摘要： A method for vaporization of liquid hydrocarbon fuel wherein liquid hydrocarbon fuel is mixed with vapor to provide a vapor product which is heated. The heated vapor product is mixed with additional liquid hydrocarbon fuel to provide a second vapor product comprising vaporized hydrocarbon fuel. The heating of vapor product and mixing of additional liquid hydrocarbon fuel can be done until a desired amount of liquid hydrocarbon fuel is vaporized.

摘要翻译： 一种用于液化烃燃料蒸发的方法，其中液态烃燃料与蒸气混合以提供被加热的蒸汽产物。 加热的蒸汽产物与另外的液体烃燃料混合以提供包含蒸发的烃燃料的第二蒸气产物。 可以进行蒸气产物的加热和附加液体烃燃料的混合，直到所需量的液体烃燃料蒸发。

公开(公告)号：US06916571B2

公开(公告)日：2005-07-12

申请号：US10465006

申请日：2003-06-19

申请人： Albert P. Grasso ,  Glenn W. Scheffler ,  Leslie L. Van Dine ,  Brian F. Dufner ,  Richard D. Breault

发明人： Albert P. Grasso ,  Glenn W. Scheffler ,  Leslie L. Van Dine ,  Brian F. Dufner ,  Richard D. Breault

IPC分类号： H01M20060101 ,  H01M2/00 ,  H01M2/02 ,  H01M2/08 ,  H01M2/12 ,  H01M2/14 ,  H01M2/36 ,  H01M8/00 ,  H01M8/02 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/10

CPC分类号： H01M8/04074 ,  H01M8/0267 ,  H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/04134 ,  H01M8/04253 ,  H01M8/241 ,  H01M8/2457 ,  H01M8/2483

摘要： Water flow field inlet manifolds (33, 37) are disposed at the fuel cell stack (11) base. Water flow field outlet manifolds (34, 38) are located at the fuel cell stack top. Outlet and inlet manifolds are interconnected (41-43, 47, 49, 50) so gas bubbles leaking through the porous water transport plate cause flow by natural convection, with no mechanical water pump. Variation in water level within a standpipe (58) controls (56, 60, 62, 63) the temperature or flow of coolant. In another embodiment, the water is not circulated, but gas and excess water are vented from the water outlet manifolds. Water channels (70) may be vertical. A hydrophobic region (80) provides gas leakage to ensure bubble pumping of water. An external heat exchanger (77) maximizes water density differential for convective flow.

摘要翻译： 水流场入口歧管（33,37）设置在燃料电池堆（11）的基部。 水流场出口歧管（34,38）位于燃料电池堆顶部。 出口和入口歧管相互连接（41-43,47,49,50），因此通过多孔水输送板泄漏的气泡通过自然对流而流动，没有机械水泵。 立管（58）内的水位变化控制（56,60,62,63）冷却液的温度或流量。 在另一个实施方案中，水不循环，但是从出水歧管排出气体和多余的水。 水通道（70）可以是垂直的。 疏水区域（80）提供气体泄漏以确保泡沫泵送水。 外部热交换器（77）使对流流量的水密度差最大化。

公开(公告)号：US06296814B1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-02

申请号：US09190858

申请日：1998-11-10

申请人： Stanley P. Bonk ,  Glenn W. Scheffler ,  Peter F. Foley ,  Thomas J. Corrigan ,  Richard A. Sederquist ,  Francis A. Kocum

发明人： Stanley P. Bonk ,  Glenn W. Scheffler ,  Peter F. Foley ,  Thomas J. Corrigan ,  Richard A. Sederquist ,  Francis A. Kocum

IPC分类号： B01J802

CPC分类号： H01M8/0631 ,  B01J8/008 ,  B01J8/062 ,  B01J2208/00495 ,  B01J2208/00504 ,  B01J2208/00884 ,  B01J2219/185 ,  B01J2219/1928 ,  B01J2219/1943 ,  C01B3/384 ,  C01B2203/0227 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/0811 ,  C01B2203/0816 ,  C01B2203/0844 ,  C01B2203/0866 ,  C01B2203/1011 ,  C01B2203/1052 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/1604

摘要： A compact and efficient fuel reformer which is operable to produce a hydrogen-enriched process fuel from a raw fuel such as natural gas, or the like includes a compact array of catalyst tubes which are contained in a heat-insulated housing. The catalyst tube array preferably includes a multitude of catalyst tubes that are arranged in a hexagonal array. The housing includes internal hexagonal thermal insulation so as to ensure even heating of the catalyst tubes. The diameter of the tubes is sized so that spacing between adjacent tubes in the array can be minimized for efficient heat transfer. The interior of each of the catalyst tubes includes a hollow dead-ended central tube which serves as a fines trap for collecting catalyst fines that may become entrained in the fuel stream. The catalyst tubes are also provided with an upper frusto-conical portion which serves to extend the catalyst bed and provide a catalyst reserve. The assembly includes a side-fired startup burner which allows for an improved diffusion burner orifice array at the top of the reformer. The catalyst tubes are supported by side walls of the assembly in a manner that stabilizes the tubes in the assembly. In the assembly, the internal transverse manifold plates are tied together by portions of the tube assemblies so as to form a composite beam that supports the weight of the catalyst tube array.

摘要翻译： 可操作地从诸如天然气等原料燃料生产富氢处理燃料的紧凑且有效的燃料重整器包括包含在绝热壳体中的紧凑的催化剂管阵列。 催化剂管阵列优选地包括以六边形阵列排列的多个催化剂管。 外壳包括内六角形绝热，以确保均匀加热催化剂管。 管的直径的尺寸使得阵列中的相邻管之间的间隔可以最小化以便有效地传热。 每个催化剂管的内部包括中空的死端中心管，其用作用于收集可能被夹带在燃料流中的催化剂细粒的细粒阱。 催化剂管还设置有上截头圆锥形部分，其用于延伸催化剂床并提供催化剂储备。 该组件包括侧燃式启动燃烧器，其允许在重整器的顶部具有改进的扩散燃烧器孔阵列。 催化剂管由组件的侧壁以使组件中的管稳定的方式支撑。 在组件中，内部横向歧管板通过管组件的一部分连接在一起，以形成支撑催化剂管阵列重量的复合梁。

公开(公告)号：US5013617A

公开(公告)日：1991-05-07

申请号：US459056

申请日：1989-12-29

申请人： Glenn W. Scheffler

发明人： Glenn W. Scheffler

IPC分类号： H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/04231

摘要： A fuel cell (10) system in which a nitrogen (N.sub.2) gas is used on the anode section (11) and a nitrogen/oxygen (N.sub.2 /O.sub.2) gaseous mix is used on the cathode section (12) to maintain the cathode at an acceptable voltage potential during adverse conditions occurring particularly during off-power conditions, for example, during power plant shutdown, start-up and hot holds. During power plant shutdown, the cathode section is purged with a gaseous mixture of, for example, one-half percent (0.5%) oxygen (O.sub.2) and ninety-nine and a half percent (99.5%) nitrogen (N.sub.2) supplied from an ejector (21) bleeding in air (24/28) into a high pressure stream (27) of nitrogen (N.sub.2) as the primary of majority gas. Thereafter the fuel gas in the fuel processor (31) and the anode section (11) is purged with nitrogen gas to prevent nickel (Ni) carbonyl from forming from the shift catalyst. A switched dummy electrical load (30) is used to bring the cathode potential down rapidly during the start of the purges. The 0.5%/99.5% O.sub.2 N.sub.2 mixture maintains the cathode potential between 0.3 and 0.7 volts, and this is sufficient to maintain the cathode potential at 0.3 volts for the case of H.sub.2 diffusing to the cathode through a 2 mil thick electrolyte filled matrix and below 0.8 volts for no diffusion at open circuit conditions. The ejector meters high pressure nitrogen gas with a choked orifice or venturi and uses the energy in the gas from the orifice or venture to suck ambient air into the nitrogen stream before entering the cathode section.

摘要翻译： 一种燃料电池（10）系统，其中在阳极部分（11）上使用氮（N 2）气体，并且在阴极部分（12）上使用氮/氧（N 2 / O 2）气体混合物以将阴极维持在 在不利条件下，特别是在断电条件下，例如在电厂关机，启动和热保持期间，可接受的电压电位。 在发电厂关闭期间，阴极部分用例如氧气（O 2）的百分之二（0.5％）和九十九％（99.5％）氮气（N 2）的气体混合物吹扫， 喷射器（21）在空气（24/28）中渗入作为主要气体的主要氮气（N 2）的高压流（27）。 此后，用氮气吹扫燃料处理器（31）和阳极部分（11）中的燃料气体，以防止由变换催化剂形成的镍（Ni）羰基。 在开始清洗期间，使用开关的虚拟电负载（30）使阴极电位迅速下降。 0.5％/ 99.5％的O 2 N 2混合物保持阴极电位在0.3和0.7伏特之间，这足以使阴极电位保持在0.3伏，这是因为H2通过2密耳厚的电解质填充的基质扩散到阴极并低于0.8 伏在开路条件下不扩散。 喷射器测量具有扼流孔或文丘里管的高压氮气，并且使用来自孔或冒口的气体中的能量在进入阴极部分之前将环境空气吸入氮气流中。