摘要:
This invention provides carbon composite materials, which comprise metal carbide particles, at least the particle surfaces or the entirety of which are metal carbides, synthesized in situ from a metal source, i.e., at least one member selected from the group comprising metal particles, metal oxide particles, and composite metal oxide particles, and a carbon source, i.e., a thermosetting resin, dispersed in a carbon, carbon fiber, or carbon/carbon fiber matrix, and contain no free metal particles. This invention also provides a method for producing such composite carbon materials, which enables the production of carbon composite materials having a high coefficient of friction, high thermostability, and abrasion resistance.
摘要:
The fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack, a fuel cell temperature sensor for measuring the internal temperature of the fuel cell, a voltage sensor for measuring the power generation voltage of the fuel cell, a current sensor for measuring the current flowing from the fuel cell, a radiator for radiating heat generated by the fuel cell, a fan attached to the radiator for controlling the heat radiation amount, a cooling water pump for increasing the pressure of a cooling fluid, a bypass valve for controlling the cooling fluid amount entering the radiator, and a controller, on the basis of the voltage information measured by the voltage sensor, the temperature information measured by the temperature sensor, and the current information measured by the current sensor, for controlling at least one of the operation amount of the cooling water pump, the operation amount of the fan, and the cooling fluid amount flowing through the bypass valve.
摘要:
A separator for fuel cell comprising an electrolyte with ionic conductivity, a pair of electrodes with the electrolyte sandwiched therebetween, and a separator 10 for individually supplying a fuel gas and an oxidizing agent gas to the pair of the electrodes, respectively, wherein the separator 10 is provided with a multilayered metal sheet with at least the outermost layer thereof, and a corrosion-resistant film covering the whole surface of the metal sheet in order to form a metal separator, and the metal separator is further provided with a reacting gas sealing unit 21, a reacting gas manifold junction unit 22, and a reacting gas rectification unit 23, formed of an elastic body.
摘要:
An optical transmitter and receiver module which can enhance a coupling comprises a light source emitting the first light, a light-receiving section receiving the second light, a diffraction device changing the direction of travel of at least one of the first light and the second light, a first lens which condenses the first light, outgoing from the light source and entering through the medium of the diffraction device, onto a light input/output face of the optical fiber and condenses the second light outgoing from the optical fiber onto the light-receiving section through the medium of the diffraction device, and a second lens which inhibits a beam of the first light outgoing from the light source from diverging and allows it to enter the first lens through the medium of the diffraction device.
摘要:
A lens element 1 is formed by making use of an optical substrate, and includes a lens portion 2, an edge portion 6 in the form of a circular arc provided along the circumference of the lens portion 2, and handling portion 4 which is integrated with the lens portion 2 and the edge portion 6 as well and extends with a width wider than that of the lens portion 2. The handling portion 4 can be caught and held by chucking vacuum suction and so forth. The lens element 1 can be handled by catching the handling portion 4 without directly touching the lens element 1, and thus the lens element 1 is neither damaged nor contaminated, and stably handled with ease.
摘要:
A plurality of collars are mounted on a takeup shaft for axially pressing and holding a plurality of spools which are mounted on the takeup shaft. The takeup shaft includes an axial thrust groove defined therein. The collars include respective rolling bearings inserted in the thrust groove for preventing the collars from rotating with respect to the takeup shaft. The rolling bearings are rotatably movable in and along the thrust groove.
摘要:
An elevator valve apparatus for controlling the hydraulic supply flow to the hydraulic actuator and the hydraulic discharge flow from the actuator, comprises a solenoid proportional control valve device for ascending, a solenoid proportional control valve device for descending, and a valve control unit for controlling both of the control valve devices with a predetermined acceleration characteristic and a predetermined deceleration characteristic by an open loop control system.Furthermore, if preferable, the valve control unit carries out oil temperature compensating control, pressure compensating control, pre-start pressure raising compensation control, and feedback control of the supply flow in the low speed ascending.
摘要:
In order to provide a charge/discharge technology for controlling an assembled battery system without promoting degradation or reduction in the lifetime of the assembled battery system, the assembled battery system includes a function for controlling charge and discharge power of a plurality of units each including a secondary battery and a power converter as one unit, the plurality of units being electrically connected in parallel to each other. When each unit performs charge or discharge by at least one or more times, charge and discharge of the unit are controlled so as not to be performed until a predetermined pause time period elapses.
摘要:
Since in existent charge-discharge control the battery direct current resistance of a lithium ion battery increases at a low temperature or in a low SOC, the battery voltage may possibly exceed greatly the maximum allowable voltage instantaneously due to over-voltage during charging or may possibly decrease greatly to less than the minimum allowable voltage during discharging. If the lithium ion battery continuously lies in such a state the battery performance is degraded abruptly.The battery resistance of a lithium ion battery module is estimated in accordance with SOC and temperature of the lithium ion battery module, and current to charge is set properly based on the estimated battery resistance.
摘要:
A fuel cell system having a fuel cell 1, a load 8 connected to the output line of the fuel cell 1 and a control apparatus 20 for controlling an amount of current flowing to the load 8, wherein a stopping state for stopping the fuel cell system includes a first stage stopping state for stopping while remaining hydrogen in the hydrogen line and a second stage stopping state for stopping substituting the hydrogen line with air, and transfers to the second stage stopping state by way of the first stage stopping state.