公开(公告)号：US4722021A

公开(公告)日：1988-01-26

申请号：US915919

申请日：1986-10-03

申请人： Friedrich Hornung ,  Fritz Schadlich ,  Martin Gerschner ,  Klaus Gunther

发明人： Friedrich Hornung ,  Fritz Schadlich ,  Martin Gerschner ,  Klaus Gunther

IPC分类号： B23B45/00 ,  B23B47/00 ,  B27G21/00 ,  B28D1/14 ,  F16P7/00 ,  H02H3/14 ,  H02H3/17

CPC分类号： B28D1/14 ,  B23B45/00 ,  F16P7/00 ,  H02H3/14 ,  Y10S388/903 ,  Y10S388/909 ,  Y10S388/919 ,  Y10S388/937

摘要： To detect if a tool bit, such as a drill, a saw blade, or the like, upon being worked into a wall, meets a metallic obstruction, such as a conduit, reinforcement rod, hydraulic pipe or the like, an alternating voltage, preferably between 2 and 20 kHz, is coupled through a coupling capacitor (9) to the tool bit, and current flow to the tool bit is detected by a current measurement stage (10; 31, 32) to disconnect energy to the drive motor (5), for example by disabling firing of a thyristor (15), or closing a valve of a compressed-air tool. The coupling capacitor should have a capacity small enough to provide high impedance to network power frequency, and to insure a substantial change in current being supplied to the tool bit holder, typically a chuck, if the tool bit meets a metallic object in the wall. The a-c supply circuit can be formed as part of a trigger circuit for the thyristor, by pulse-energizing a trigger diode (28) upon repetitive charge of a capacitor (26) through a charging network (22, 23, 24, 25).

摘要翻译： 为了检测工具钻头（例如钻头，锯片等）在被加工成墙壁时是否遇到金属阻塞物，例如导管，加强杆，液压管等，交流电压， 优选地在2和20kHz之间，通过耦合电容器（9）耦合到工具头，并且通过电流测量级（10; 31,32）检测到工具位的电流流动以将能量断开到驱动电动机 5），例如通过禁止烧制可控硅（15）或关闭压缩空气工具的阀。 耦合电容应具有足够小的能力，以提供对网络功率频率的高阻抗，并且如果工具头与壁中的金属物体相遇，则确保将电流提供给工具头座（通常为卡盘）的实质变化。 a-c电源电路可以形成为用于晶闸管的触发电路的一部分，通过在电容器（26）经过充电网络（22,23,24,25）重复充电时，通过脉冲激励触发二极管（28）。

公开(公告)号：US4545121A

公开(公告)日：1985-10-08

申请号：US521733

申请日：1983-08-09

申请人： Gerhard Armbruster ,  Fritz Schadlich ,  Eberhard Seidel

发明人： Gerhard Armbruster ,  Fritz Schadlich ,  Eberhard Seidel

IPC分类号： B27B9/00 ,  B23D57/00 ,  B24B27/08 ,  B27B9/02 ,  B27F5/02

CPC分类号： B27B9/02 ,  B23D57/0076 ,  B24B27/08 ,  B27F5/023 ,  Y10T83/0304

摘要： A hand-held power tool with a circular-disk-shaped tool mounted on an output shaft which extends normal to a drive shaft has a guiding part which surrounds the tool in an immovable position at its cutting side. The guiding part has a wall arranged for abutting against a workpiece and having a through slot for the tool, and a guiding edge extending parallel to a cutting direction of the tool, and the guiding part being movably guided in direction normal to the wall.

摘要翻译： 安装在垂直于驱动轴延伸的输出轴上的具有圆盘形工具的手持式电动工具具有在其切割侧处以不可移动位置包围工具的引导部分。 引导部分具有壁，其布置成抵靠工件并且具有用于工具的通孔，以及平行于工具的切割方向延伸的引导边缘，并且引导部分沿垂直于壁的方向可移动地引导。

公开(公告)号：US4219747A

公开(公告)日：1980-08-26

申请号：US961106

申请日：1978-11-16

申请人： Friedrich Hornung ,  Fritz Schadlich

发明人： Friedrich Hornung ,  Fritz Schadlich

IPC分类号： B23B45/02 ,  B23D45/16 ,  B23D59/00 ,  H02K11/00 ,  H02P7/00

CPC分类号： B23B45/02 ,  B23D59/001 ,  B23B2260/128

摘要： A mechanical switch is provided which, in a first position connects a current limiting circuit to a motor and, in a second position, disconnects the current limiting circuit from the motor. Mechanical activators are provided for the mechanical switch, to switch it from the first to the second position when the tool including the motor has a predetermined relationship to the workpiece. The mechanical activators provided for the mechanical switch operate the switch either when correct positioning of the tool relative to the workpiece results in a predetermined force being applied to the activator by the workpiece or when a shaft of the tool transmits a predetermined torque.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种机械开关，其在第一位置将限流电路连接到电动机，并且在第二位置将电流限制电路与电动机断开。 为机械开关提供机械式激活器，当包括电动机的工具与工件具有预定关系时，将其从第一位置切换到第二位置。 为机械开关提供的机械激活器可以在刀具相对于工件的正确定位时产生预定的力由工件施加到激励器上或当工具的轴传递预定扭矩时操作开关。

公开(公告)号：US4622779A

公开(公告)日：1986-11-18

申请号：US686282

申请日：1984-12-26

申请人： Fritz Schadlich

发明人： Fritz Schadlich

IPC分类号： B24B47/18 ,  H02P5/00 ,  B24B5/00

CPC分类号： B24B47/18 ,  Y10S388/93 ,  Y10S451/915

摘要： A signal representative of the mass moment of inertia of a grinding wheel and its drive motor is integrated for a fixed time interval during start-up of the motor beginning when the motor speed or the motor current has reached a predetermined small value, and the integration result is stored until the integrator and storage circuit are reset by a new start-up operation. The integrator result is used to modify a voltage which represents a desired operating speed so as to compensate for differences in value of the mass moment of inertia, making the desired speed smaller when the mass moment of inertia is greater, and vice versa. The result is to hit the desired speed in a manner compensating for the wearing down of the diameter of the grinding wheel, so that the peripheral speed of the grinding wheel is regulated at a substantially constant speed, even though in successive start-ups the grinding wheel diameter diminishes. The integrated signal may be the motor current which varies directly with the mass moment of inertia, or the rotary speed of the shaft which varies inversely with the mass moment of inertia. Sensitivity to changes in diameter is greater when the operating voltage is reduced during start-up and at least until the end of the measuring interval.

摘要翻译： 代表电动机速度或电动机电流达到预定的小值的电动机启动期间，固定时间间隔内，表示砂轮及其驱动电动机的质量转动惯量的信号， 存储结果直到积分器和存储电路通过新的启动操作复位。 积分器结果用于修改表示所需操作速度的电压，以便补偿质量惯性矩的差异，使质量转动惯量较大时所需的速度更小，反之亦然。 结果是以补偿磨轮直径磨损的方式达到所需的速度，使得砂轮的圆周速度以基本恒定的速度被调节，即使在连续的启动中磨削 车轮直径减小。 积分信号可以是随着质量转动惯量直接变化的电动机电流，或者与质量惯性矩反向变化的轴的转速。 当启动期间和至少直到测量间隔结束时，工作电压降低时，对直径变化的灵敏度会更大。

公开(公告)号：US4611742A

公开(公告)日：1986-09-16

申请号：US783757

申请日：1985-10-03

申请人： Werner Rieker ,  Fritz Schadlich

发明人： Werner Rieker ,  Fritz Schadlich

IPC分类号： B25C5/15 ,  B25C1/00 ,  B25C5/02 ,  B25C5/06

CPC分类号： B25C5/15

摘要： In an electromagnetically operated driving tool, in which a cup-shaped plunger carrying a driver blade is axially slidable in a solenoid, an air damper, combined with a check valve, is provided to damp the plunger during its backward movement to an inoperative position. A hollow cylinder positioned in the plunger is vented through an opening in a housing of the tool and has an interior which is closed at its end with a liftable valve flap. A throttle gap is formed between the plunger and the cylinder, which is adjustable by a piston movable in the cylinder which is made of elastic plastics and is elastically expandable to vary the throttle gap.

摘要翻译： 在电磁操作的驱动工具中，其中承载驱动器叶片的杯形柱塞在螺线管中可轴向滑动，提供与止回阀组合的空气阻尼器，以在柱塞向后移动期间将柱塞减弱到非操作位置。 定位在柱塞中的中空圆柱体通过工具壳体中的开口而被排出，并且具有内部，其端部具有可升降的阀瓣。 在柱塞和气缸之间形成节气门间隙，该间隙由可在弹性塑料制成的气缸中活动的活塞调节，并可弹性膨胀以改变节流间隙。

公开(公告)号：US4540318A

公开(公告)日：1985-09-10

申请号：US497506

申请日：1983-05-24

申请人： Friedrich Hornung ,  Fritz Schadlich

发明人： Friedrich Hornung ,  Fritz Schadlich

IPC分类号： B23Q1/00 ,  B23Q3/16 ,  B23Q15/08 ,  B25B21/00 ,  B25F5/00 ,  H02P23/00 ,  B23B45/02

CPC分类号： B25B21/00 ,  B23Q1/0009 ,  B23Q15/08 ,  B23Q3/16 ,  B25F5/001 ,  H02P23/16 ,  G05B2219/43125 ,  Y10T279/21 ,  Y10T408/16 ,  Y10T408/165

摘要： To provide for, selectively, control of the speed of a tool, such as a drill or boring tool coupled to an electric drill or boring machine motor, independently of the setting of a multi-speed transmission, speed of the tool is sensed by a contactless transducer (4, 7), one part of which is coupled to the chuck (1, 2) and the other to the housing (H) of the tool, to provide speed signals which incorporate the transmission ratio of the gear (G, 66). Speed control, for example under a command signal (40; 50), then will control the actual speed, regardless of the transmission setting, with the torque deliverable by the motor being controlled by the selected gear. The diameter of the drill or other tool bit is sensed also by the transducer, if coupled to the chuck jaws, to vary the output signal from the transducer as a function of chuck jaw diameter. The output signal can be selectively analyzed for frequency in a frequency evaluation stage (35), and for amplitude in an amplitude evaluation stage (34), the speed and chuck jaw spacing signals can be separated (FIG. 8) from a combined speed - chuck jaw spacing signal obtained, to provide for control of the motor as a function of material being worked on (40; A-D), of accessories (40) to associate output speed with materials and drill diameter in accordance with selected functions, or only of speed, for example for operating accessories such as screwdrivers, sanding disks, or the like.

摘要翻译： 为了提供，选择性地控制工具的速度，例如与电钻或镗床电动机相连接的钻头或钻孔工具，与多速变速器的设定无关，工具的速度由 非接触传感器（4,7），其一部分耦合到卡盘（1,2），另一部分耦合到工具的壳体（H），以提供速度信号，其包括齿轮（G， 66）。 速度控制，例如在命令信号（40; 50）下，然后将控制实际速度，无论传动设置如何，电机可由所选齿轮控制的扭矩传递。 钻头或其他工具钻头的直径也由换能器感测，如果与卡盘爪相连，则根据卡盘爪直径来改变来自换能器的输出信号。 可以在频率评估阶段（35）中选择性地分析输出信号的频率，并且对于幅度评估级（34）中的幅度，可以将速度和卡盘夹爪间隔信号从组合速度 - 获得的卡盘夹爪间隔信号，用于根据附件（40）在（40; AD）上加工的材料的功能来控制马达，以根据所选功能将输出速度与材料和钻头直径相关联，或者仅仅是 速度，例如用于操作诸如螺丝刀，砂光盘等的附件。

公开(公告)号：US4493377A

公开(公告)日：1985-01-15

申请号：US313648

申请日：1981-10-22

申请人： Klaus Gunther ,  Friedrich Hornung ,  Kurt Paule ,  Fritz Schadlich

发明人： Klaus Gunther ,  Friedrich Hornung ,  Kurt Paule ,  Fritz Schadlich

IPC分类号： H03K17/96 ,  F16P3/20

CPC分类号： F16P3/20

摘要： To permit operation of the power tool only if both hands of an operator are engaged, the tool is formed with a handle portion which has a sensing surface thereon, electrically coupled to a current flow sensing circuit, preferably including an opto-coupler or a field-effect transistor (FET) circuit which permits firing of a triac, thyristor, or the like only if current flows over the sensing surface by area contact therewith. The sensing surface is energized, preferably, from a resistive or capacitative voltage divider; the capacitative voltage divider has the advantage that the triac firing circuit can cause the triac to fire during null or zero crossings of ac supplied power. If a locking-type switch is used, two handles or touch-areas are needed; if a spring-loaded switch is provided, it can function as one safety element, and a touch-area sensing surface as the other.

摘要翻译： 只有当操作者的双手接合时才允许动力工具的操作，该工具形成有手柄部分，手柄部分具有感测表面，其电耦合到电流流动检测电路，优选地包括光耦合器或场 只有当电流通过与其接触的区域与电流流过感测表面时，晶体管（FET）电路才允许三端双向可控硅开关元件，晶闸管等的点火。 感测表面优选地由电阻或电容分压器供电; 电容分压器具有的优点是，三端双向可控硅开关电路可以在交流供电的零通或零交叉期间引起三端双向可控硅开关。 如果使用锁定式开关，则需要两个手柄或触摸区域; 如果设有弹簧开关，它可以作为一个安全元件，另一个是触摸区域感应表面。

公开(公告)号：US4343214A

公开(公告)日：1982-08-10

申请号：US188597

申请日：1980-09-19

申请人： Fritz Schadlich

发明人： Fritz Schadlich

IPC分类号： B23D61/02 ,  B23D61/10 ,  B27B5/32

CPC分类号： B27B5/32 ,  B23D61/10 ,  Y10T83/8719 ,  Y10T83/9379 ,  Y10T83/9464

摘要： An arrangement for frictionally coupling a saw blade to a trunnion projecting from one end of a drive shaft and permitting rotation of the saw blade relative to the trunnion upon excessive strain on the saw blade, in which the saw blade can be mounted only in a correct way in accordance with the direction of rotation of the drive shaft on the trunnion. The saw blade is frictionally held between two annular clamping elements on the trunnion. One of the annular clamping elements abuts against a shoulder formed at the junction of the drive shaft and trunnion and the other abuts directly or under the imposition of a pressure ring against the head of a screw screwed into an axial bore extending from the end face of the trunnion into the latter. The saw blade has an axial projection and the annular clamping element on the side of this projection is constructed in such a manner that the saw blade, without being hindered by the projection, may abut against this clamping element and turn relative thereto. The axial projection holds at the wrong mounting of the saw blade on the trunnion the various elements so far apart that one of the clamping elements cannot be pushed onto the trunnion or the screw not be screwed onto the threaded bore.

摘要翻译： 一种用于将锯片摩擦联接到从驱动轴的一端突出的耳轴并允许锯片相对于耳轴在锯片上过度应变的旋转的装置，其中锯片可以仅安装在正确的 方式根据传动轴在耳轴上的旋转方向。 锯片摩擦地保持在耳轴上的两个环形夹紧元件之间。 环形夹紧元件中的一个抵靠形成在驱动轴和耳轴的接合部处的肩部，而另一个抵靠在压力环的直接或下方抵靠螺钉头部的螺钉上，螺钉的头部螺纹连接到从孔的端面延伸的轴向孔中 耳轴进入后者。 锯片具有轴向突出部，并且在该突起侧上的环形夹紧元件被构造成使得锯片不受突起的阻碍，可以抵靠该夹紧元件并相对于其旋转。 轴向突出部将锯片错误地安装在耳轴上，各种元件相距甚远，使得一个夹紧元件不能被推到耳轴上，或者螺钉不被拧到螺纹孔上。

公开(公告)号：US4056762A

公开(公告)日：1977-11-01

申请号：US661949

申请日：1976-02-27

申请人： Fritz Schadlich

发明人： Fritz Schadlich

IPC分类号： B25B23/151 ,  B25B23/14 ,  B25B23/147 ,  H02H7/085

CPC分类号： B25B23/1475

摘要： An energy limiting circuit for the operating stroke of a motor-driven screwdriver energized by alternating current is activated in response to a pulse of current amplitude, which may be the starting current of the motor or the first of a series of current amplitude pulses characteristic of screw tightening impacts produced by an impact-type screwdriver. The energy limiting circuit in a simple case is a timing circuit. For operation with strict reference to the impacting energy, the energy limiting circuit is a pulse counter. Adjustment of the timing or of the pulse counting is provided for setting the tool to the conditions of a particular repetitive task.

摘要翻译： 用于通过交流电驱动的电动螺丝刀的操作行程的能量限制电路响应于电流幅度的脉冲而被激活，电流幅度可以是电动机的起动电流或一系列电流幅度脉冲中的第一个 由冲击式螺丝刀产生的螺丝紧固冲击。 节能电路在简单的情况下是定时电路。 对于严格参照冲击能量的操作，能量限制电路是脉冲计数器。 提供定时或脉冲计数的调整，用于将工具设置为特定重复任务的条件。

公开(公告)号：US4562389A

公开(公告)日：1985-12-31

申请号：US536194

申请日：1983-09-27

申请人： Wolfgang Jundt ,  Gunter Schaal ,  Fritz Schadlich ,  Hans-Joachim Vogt ,  Steffen Wunsch

发明人： Wolfgang Jundt ,  Gunter Schaal ,  Fritz Schadlich ,  Hans-Joachim Vogt ,  Steffen Wunsch

IPC分类号： B25B23/151 ,  B23P19/06 ,  B25B23/14 ,  B25B23/147 ,  H02H7/085 ,  H02P29/00 ,  H02P7/00

CPC分类号： H02H7/085 ,  B23P19/066 ,  B25B23/147 ,  Y02P70/185

摘要： To permit reliable turn-OFF of the motor when the torque of the motor is sufficient to provide for reliable seating of a screw or nut being driven thereby, start conditions of the motor are sensed, either in form of low-current condition or high power factor; high-torque conditions are sensed by low power factor, or high-current, in dependence on the desired torque level which results, respectively, in a comparatively steep phase angle-torque or current level-torque curve. A switch control is energized to turn-OFF the motor current if the phase angles, or the motor current, respectively, are beyond predetermined levels. To prevent in-rush current, or high power factors from affecting the operation of the turn-OFF system, timing circuits are provided to disable the turn-OFF system when the motor is first turned-ON or if the phase angle difference, as determined by time-comparator networks, between current and voltage, is below a predetermined value. Timing duration of at least one of the timing circuits can be controlled as a function of motor temperature to provide for linear response of the system, regardless of changes of motor operating parameter versus torque characteristics under varying motor temperature conditions.

摘要翻译： 为了允许马达的可靠关闭，当马达的扭矩足以提供由其驱动的螺钉或螺母的可靠安置时，电动机的起动条件以低电流状态或大功率的形式被感测 因子; 根据分别在相对较陡的相位角 - 转矩或电流电平 - 转矩曲线中产生的期望转矩水平，通过低功率因数或大电流检测高扭矩条件。 如果相位角或电动机电流分别超过预定水平，则开关控制器通电以关闭电动机电流。 为了防止浪涌电流或高功率因素影响关断系统的操作，提供定时电路以在电动机首次接通时禁止关闭系统，或者如果确定了相位角差 通过时间 - 比较器网络，在电流和电压之间，低于预定值。 可以根据电动机温度的不同来控制至少一个定时电路的定时持续时间，以提供系统的线性响应，而不管电动机工作参数对变化的电动机温度条件下的转矩特性的变化。