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公开(公告)号:US20100070042A1
公开(公告)日:2010-03-18
申请号:US12624160
申请日:2009-11-23
申请人: Vincent Bryan , Alex Kunzler , Charles R. Clark , Robert Conta , Carlos E. Gil
发明人: Vincent Bryan , Alex Kunzler , Charles R. Clark , Robert Conta , Carlos E. Gil
CPC分类号: A61B17/1757 , A61B17/02 , A61B17/1664 , A61B17/1671 , A61B17/1675 , A61B17/1684 , A61B90/10 , A61B90/50 , A61B2017/0256 , A61B2017/1602 , A61B2090/034 , A61F2/30742 , A61F2/30744 , A61F2/442 , A61F2/4425 , A61F2/4611 , A61F2002/30204 , A61F2002/30235 , A61F2002/30474 , A61F2002/30499 , A61F2002/30528 , A61F2002/30563 , A61F2002/30578 , A61F2002/30616 , A61F2002/30662 , A61F2002/30673 , A61F2002/30682 , A61F2002/30769 , A61F2002/30772 , A61F2002/443 , A61F2220/0025 , A61F2230/0065 , A61F2230/0069 , A61F2310/00017 , A61F2310/00023 , A61F2310/00029 , A61F2310/00203 , A61F2310/00239 , A61F2310/00407
摘要: The invention relates to a surgical implant that provides an artificial diarthroidal-like joint, suitable for use in replacing any joint, but particularly suitable for use as an intervertebral disc endoprosthesis. The invention contains two rigid opposing shells, each having an outer surface adapted to engage the surfaces of the bones of a joint in such a way that the shells are immobilized by friction between their outer surfaces and the surfaces of the bone. These outer surfaces are sufficiently rough that large frictional forces strongly resist any slippage between the outer surface and the bone surfaces in the joint. They may be convex, and when inserted into a milled concavity, are immediately mechanically stable. Desirably, the outer surfaces of the shells are adapted to allow for bony ingrowth, which further stabilizes the shells in place. The inner surfaces of the shells are relatively smooth, and adapted to slide easily across a portion of the outer surface of a central body disposed between the shells. The central body has a shape that cooperates with the shape of the inner surface of the shell so as to provide a range of motion similar to that provided by a healthy joint. A flexible sheath extends between edges of the opposing shells. The inner surface of this sheath, together with the inner surfaces of the rigid shells, defines a cavity encasing the central body. At least a portion of this cavity is filled with a fluid lubricant, further decreasing the frictional force between inner surfaces of the shell and the surface of the central body.
摘要翻译: 本发明涉及一种手术植入物,其提供适于用于替换任何关节,但特别适合用作椎间盘内假体的人造骨关节样关节。 本发明包含两个刚性的相对的壳,每个具有外表面,该外表面适合于接合骨头的表面,使得外壳通过其外表面和骨表面之间的摩擦固定。 这些外表面足够粗糙,使得大的摩擦力强烈地抵抗接合处的外表面和骨表面之间的任何滑动。 它们可以是凸形的,并且当插入铣削凹部时,它们立即机械地稳定。 理想地,壳的外表面适于允许骨向内生长,这进一步将壳稳定在适当位置。 壳的内表面相对平滑,并且适于容易地滑过设置在壳之间的中心体的外表面的一部分。 中心体具有与壳的内表面的形状配合的形状,以提供类似于由健康关节提供的运动范围。 柔性护套在相对的壳的边缘之间延伸。 该护套的内表面与刚性外壳的内表面一起限定了一个包围中心体的空腔。 该空腔的至少一部分填充有流体润滑剂,进一步降低了壳的内表面与中心体的表面之间的摩擦力。
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公开(公告)号:US07641692B2
公开(公告)日:2010-01-05
申请号:US09924298
申请日:2001-08-08
申请人: Vincent Bryan , Alex Kunzler , Charles R. Clark , Robert Conta , Carlos E. Gil
发明人: Vincent Bryan , Alex Kunzler , Charles R. Clark , Robert Conta , Carlos E. Gil
IPC分类号: A61F2/44
CPC分类号: A61B17/1757 , A61B17/02 , A61B17/1664 , A61B17/1671 , A61B17/1675 , A61B17/1684 , A61B90/10 , A61B90/50 , A61B2017/0256 , A61B2017/1602 , A61B2090/034 , A61F2/30742 , A61F2/30744 , A61F2/442 , A61F2/4425 , A61F2/4611 , A61F2002/30204 , A61F2002/30235 , A61F2002/30474 , A61F2002/30499 , A61F2002/30528 , A61F2002/30563 , A61F2002/30578 , A61F2002/30616 , A61F2002/30662 , A61F2002/30673 , A61F2002/30682 , A61F2002/30769 , A61F2002/30772 , A61F2002/443 , A61F2220/0025 , A61F2230/0065 , A61F2230/0069 , A61F2310/00017 , A61F2310/00023 , A61F2310/00029 , A61F2310/00203 , A61F2310/00239 , A61F2310/00407
摘要: The invention relates to a surgical implant that provides an artificial diarthroidal-like D joint, suitable for use in replacing any joint, but particularly suitable for use as an intervertebral disc endoprosthesis. The invention contains two rigid opposing shells, each having an outer surface adapted to engage the surfaces of the bones of a joint in such a way that the shells are immobilized by friction between their outer surfaces and the surfaces of the bone. These outer surfaces are sufficiently rough, while the inner surfaces of the shells are relatively smooth. The central body has a shape that cooperates with the shape of the inner surface of the shell so as to provide a range of motion similar to that provided by a healthy joint.
摘要翻译: 本发明涉及一种手术植入物,其提供人造的类似二尖瓣状的D型接头,适用于替换任何关节,特别适合用作椎间盘内置假体。 本发明包含两个刚性的相对的壳,每个具有外表面,该外表面适合于接合骨头的表面,使得外壳通过其外表面和骨表面之间的摩擦固定。 这些外表面足够粗糙,而壳体的内表面相对光滑。 中心体具有与壳的内表面的形状配合的形状,以提供类似于由健康关节提供的运动范围。
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公开(公告)号:US6001130A
公开(公告)日:1999-12-14
申请号:US944378
申请日:1997-10-06
申请人: Vincent Bryan , Alex Kunzler
发明人: Vincent Bryan , Alex Kunzler
CPC分类号: A61F2/30742 , A61B17/686 , A61F2/44 , A61F2/442 , A61F2/4425 , A61B17/7059 , A61B17/86 , A61B2017/00004 , A61F2/08 , A61F2/30771 , A61F2002/30016 , A61F2002/30069 , A61F2002/30113 , A61F2002/30168 , A61F2002/302 , A61F2002/30214 , A61F2002/30235 , A61F2002/30253 , A61F2002/3038 , A61F2002/30405 , A61F2002/30433 , A61F2002/30448 , A61F2002/30451 , A61F2002/30461 , A61F2002/30464 , A61F2002/30469 , A61F2002/30474 , A61F2002/30487 , A61F2002/30495 , A61F2002/30507 , A61F2002/30563 , A61F2002/30576 , A61F2002/30578 , A61F2002/30579 , A61F2002/30594 , A61F2002/30599 , A61F2002/30624 , A61F2002/30663 , A61F2002/30772 , A61F2002/30785 , A61F2002/443 , A61F2002/449 , A61F2220/0025 , A61F2220/0033 , A61F2220/0041 , A61F2220/005 , A61F2220/0058 , A61F2220/0075 , A61F2230/0006 , A61F2230/0043 , A61F2230/0065 , A61F2230/0067 , A61F2230/0069 , A61F2230/0076 , A61F2250/0019 , A61F2250/0063 , A61F2310/00023 , A61F2310/00029 , Y10S606/907 , Y10S606/91
摘要: The invention relates to a spinal disc endoprosthesis. The endoprosthesis has a resilient body formed of one or more materials which may vary in stiffness from a relatively stiff exterior annular gasket portion to a relatively supple central nucleus portion. Concaval-convex elements at least partly surround that nucleus portion so as to retain the nucleus portion and gasket between adjacent vertebral bodies in a patient's spine. Assemblies of endoprosthetic discs, endoprosthetic vertebral bodies, and endoprosthetic longitudinal ligaments may be constructed. To implant this endoprosthesis assembly, information is obtained regarding the size, shape, and nature of a patient's damaged spine. Thereafter, one or more prosthetic vertebral bodies and disc units are constructed in conformity with that information. Finally, the completed and conformed vertebral body and disc assembly is implanted in the patient's spine.
摘要翻译: 本发明涉及一种脊椎椎间盘假体。 内用假体具有由一种或多种材料形成的弹性体,其可以从相对刚性的外部环形垫圈部分到相对柔软的中央核部分的刚度变化。 凹凸元件至少部分地围绕该核部分,以便将患者脊柱中的核部分和垫片保持在相邻的椎体之间。 可以构建内假体盘,内假体椎体和假体内纵向韧带的组件。 为了植入该内假体装配体,获得关于患者受损的脊柱的尺寸,形状和性质的信息。 此后,根据该信息构造一个或多个假体椎体和椎间盘单元。 最后,完成并符合标准的椎体和椎间盘植入植入患者脊柱。
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公开(公告)号:US20050015091A1
公开(公告)日:2005-01-20
申请号:US10808553
申请日:2004-03-25
申请人: Vincent Bryan , Alex Kunzler
发明人: Vincent Bryan , Alex Kunzler
CPC分类号: A61B17/1671 , A61B17/1659
摘要: A drill head for preparing the bone of two opposing intervertebral bodies to accept the concaval-convex shape of an endoprosthesis includes a form cutter portion, drive means, and a housing. The form cutter having such a profile allows the drill head to fit in the narrow space between two opposing intervertebral bodies in the cervical spine of a patient.
摘要翻译: 用于制备两个相对的椎间体的骨头以接受内假体的凹凸形状的钻头包括成形切割器部分,驱动装置和壳体。 具有这种轮廓的成型切割器允许钻头装配在患者的颈椎中的两个相对的椎间体之间的狭窄空间中。
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公开(公告)号:US6156067A
公开(公告)日:2000-12-05
申请号:US856846
申请日:1997-05-15
申请人: Vincent Bryan , Alex Kunzler
发明人: Vincent Bryan , Alex Kunzler
IPC分类号: A61B17/00 , A61B17/68 , A61B17/70 , A61B17/86 , A61F2/00 , A61F2/08 , A61F2/30 , A61F2/44 , A61B17/56 , A61B17/58
CPC分类号: A61F2/30742 , A61B17/686 , A61F2/44 , A61F2/442 , A61F2/4425 , A61B17/7059 , A61B17/86 , A61B2017/00004 , A61F2/08 , A61F2/30771 , A61F2002/30016 , A61F2002/30069 , A61F2002/30113 , A61F2002/30168 , A61F2002/302 , A61F2002/30214 , A61F2002/30235 , A61F2002/30253 , A61F2002/3038 , A61F2002/30405 , A61F2002/30433 , A61F2002/30448 , A61F2002/30451 , A61F2002/30461 , A61F2002/30464 , A61F2002/30469 , A61F2002/30474 , A61F2002/30487 , A61F2002/30495 , A61F2002/30507 , A61F2002/30563 , A61F2002/30576 , A61F2002/30578 , A61F2002/30579 , A61F2002/30594 , A61F2002/30599 , A61F2002/30624 , A61F2002/30663 , A61F2002/30772 , A61F2002/30785 , A61F2002/443 , A61F2002/449 , A61F2220/0025 , A61F2220/0033 , A61F2220/0041 , A61F2220/005 , A61F2220/0058 , A61F2220/0075 , A61F2230/0006 , A61F2230/0043 , A61F2230/0065 , A61F2230/0067 , A61F2230/0069 , A61F2230/0076 , A61F2250/0019 , A61F2250/0063 , A61F2310/00023 , A61F2310/00029 , Y10S606/907 , Y10S606/91
摘要: The invention relates to a spinal disc endoprosthesis. The endoprosthesis has a resilient body formed of one or more materials which may vary in stiffness from a relatively stiff exterior annular gasket portion to a relatively supple central nucleus portion. Concaval-convex elements at least partly surround that nucleus portion so as to retain the nucleus portion and gasket between adjacent vertebral bodies in a patient's spine. Assemblies of endoprosthetic discs, endoprosthetic vertebral bodies, and endoprosthetic longitudinal ligaments may be constructed. To implant this endoprosthesis assembly, information is obtained regarding the size, shape, and nature of a patient's damaged spine. Thereafter, one or more prosthetic vertebral bodies and disc units are constructed in conformity with that information. Finally, the completed and conformed vertebral body and disc assembly is implanted in the patient's spine.
摘要翻译: 本发明涉及一种脊椎椎间盘假体。 内用假体具有由一种或多种材料形成的弹性体,其可以从相对刚性的外部环形垫圈部分到相对柔软的中央核部分的刚度变化。 凹凸元件至少部分地围绕该核部分,以便将患者脊柱中的核部分和垫片保持在相邻的椎体之间。 可以构建内假体盘,内假体椎体和假体内纵向韧带的组件。 为了植入该内假体装配体,获得关于患者受损的脊柱的尺寸,形状和性质的信息。 此后,根据该信息构造一个或多个假体椎体和椎间盘单元。 最后,完成并符合标准的椎体和椎间盘植入植入患者脊柱。
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公开(公告)号:US07331963B2
公开(公告)日:2008-02-19
申请号:US08944234
申请日:1997-10-06
申请人: Vincent Bryan , Alex Kunzler
发明人: Vincent Bryan , Alex Kunzler
IPC分类号: A61B17/00
CPC分类号: A61B17/1671 , A61B17/1659
摘要: A drill head for preparing the bone of two opposing vertebral bodies to accept the concaval-convex shape of an endoprosthesis includes a form cutter having at least one predetermined milling surface, drive means, and a housing. The form cutter has a profile allowing the drill head to fit in the narrow space between two opposing vertebral bodies in the cervical spine of a patient. The drill head is used in a method for preparing the disc space between adjacent vertebrae of a human spine to receive an endoprosthesis therebetween, the method being performed by contacting at least one vertebral body with a movable form cutter.
摘要翻译: 用于制备两个相对的椎体的骨头以接受内用假体的凹凸形状的钻头包括具有至少一个预定铣削表面,驱动装置和壳体的成形刀具。 成型切割机具有允许钻头安装在患者的颈椎中的两个相对的椎体之间的狭窄空间中的轮廓。 钻头用于制备人脊椎相邻椎骨之间的椎间盘间隙以在其间接受内假体的方法,所述方法通过使至少一个椎体与可移动切割刀相接触来执行。
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公开(公告)号:US5865846A
公开(公告)日:1999-02-02
申请号:US856513
申请日:1997-05-15
申请人: Vincent Bryan , Alex Kunzler
发明人: Vincent Bryan , Alex Kunzler
CPC分类号: A61F2/30742 , A61B17/686 , A61F2/44 , A61F2/442 , A61F2/4425 , A61B17/7059 , A61B17/86 , A61B2017/00004 , A61F2/08 , A61F2/30771 , A61F2002/30016 , A61F2002/30069 , A61F2002/30113 , A61F2002/30168 , A61F2002/302 , A61F2002/30214 , A61F2002/30235 , A61F2002/30253 , A61F2002/3038 , A61F2002/30405 , A61F2002/30433 , A61F2002/30448 , A61F2002/30451 , A61F2002/30461 , A61F2002/30464 , A61F2002/30469 , A61F2002/30474 , A61F2002/30487 , A61F2002/30495 , A61F2002/30507 , A61F2002/30563 , A61F2002/30576 , A61F2002/30578 , A61F2002/30579 , A61F2002/30594 , A61F2002/30599 , A61F2002/30624 , A61F2002/30663 , A61F2002/30772 , A61F2002/30785 , A61F2002/443 , A61F2002/449 , A61F2220/0025 , A61F2220/0033 , A61F2220/0041 , A61F2220/005 , A61F2220/0058 , A61F2220/0075 , A61F2230/0006 , A61F2230/0043 , A61F2230/0065 , A61F2230/0067 , A61F2230/0069 , A61F2230/0076 , A61F2250/0019 , A61F2250/0063 , A61F2310/00023 , A61F2310/00029 , Y10S606/907 , Y10S606/91
摘要: The invention relates to a spinal disc endoprosthesis. The endoprosthesis has a resilient body formed of one or more materials which may vary in stiffness from a relatively stiff exterior annular gasket portion to a relatively supple central nucleus portion. Concaval-convex elements at least partly surround that nucleus portion so as to retain the nucleus portion and gasket between adjacent vertebral bodies in a patient's spine. Assemblies of endoprosthetic discs, endoprosthetic vertebral bodies, and endoprosthetic longitudinal ligaments may be constructed. To implant this endoprosthesis assembly, information is obtained regarding the size, shape, and nature of a patient's damaged spine. Thereafter, one or more prosthetic vertebral bodies and disc units are constructed in conformity with that information. Finally, the completed and conformed vertebral body and disc assembly is implanted in the patient's spine.
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公开(公告)号:USRE42576E1
公开(公告)日:2011-07-26
申请号:US09776394
申请日:2001-02-02
申请人: Vincent Bryan , Alex Kunzler
发明人: Vincent Bryan , Alex Kunzler
IPC分类号: A61F2/44
CPC分类号: A61F2/30742 , A61B17/686 , A61B17/7059 , A61B17/86 , A61B2017/00004 , A61F2/08 , A61F2/30771 , A61F2/44 , A61F2/442 , A61F2/4425 , A61F2002/30016 , A61F2002/30069 , A61F2002/30113 , A61F2002/30168 , A61F2002/302 , A61F2002/30214 , A61F2002/30235 , A61F2002/30253 , A61F2002/3038 , A61F2002/30405 , A61F2002/30433 , A61F2002/30448 , A61F2002/30451 , A61F2002/30461 , A61F2002/30464 , A61F2002/30469 , A61F2002/30474 , A61F2002/30487 , A61F2002/30495 , A61F2002/30507 , A61F2002/30563 , A61F2002/30576 , A61F2002/30578 , A61F2002/30579 , A61F2002/30594 , A61F2002/30599 , A61F2002/30624 , A61F2002/30663 , A61F2002/30772 , A61F2002/30785 , A61F2002/443 , A61F2002/449 , A61F2220/0025 , A61F2220/0033 , A61F2220/0041 , A61F2220/005 , A61F2220/0058 , A61F2220/0075 , A61F2230/0006 , A61F2230/0043 , A61F2230/0065 , A61F2230/0067 , A61F2230/0069 , A61F2230/0076 , A61F2250/0019 , A61F2250/0063 , A61F2310/00023 , A61F2310/00029 , Y10S606/907 , Y10S606/91
摘要: The invention relates to a spinal disc endoprosthesis. The endoprosthesis has a resilient body formed of one or more materials which may vary in stiffness from a relatively stiff exterior annular gasket portion to a relatively supple central nucleus portion. Concaval-convex elements at least partly surround that nucleus portion so as to retain the nucleus portion and gasket between adjacent vertebral bodies in a patient's spine. Assemblies of endoprosthetic discs, endoprosthetic vertebral bodies, and endoprosthetic longitudinal ligaments may be constructed. To implant this endoprosthesis assembly, information is obtained regarding the size, shape, and nature of a patient's damaged spine. Thereafter, one or more prosthetic vertebral bodies and disc units are constructed in conformity with that information. Finally, the completed and conformed vertebral body and disc assembly is implanted in the patient's spine.
摘要翻译: 本发明涉及一种脊椎椎间盘假体。 内用假体具有由一种或多种材料形成的弹性体,其可以从相对刚性的外部环形垫圈部分到相对柔软的中央核部分的刚度变化。 凹凸元件至少部分地围绕该核部分,以便将患者脊柱中的核部分和垫片保持在相邻的椎体之间。 可以构建内假体盘,内假体椎体和假体内纵向韧带的组件。 为了植入该内假体装配体,获得关于患者受损的脊柱的尺寸,形状和性质的信息。 此后,根据该信息构造一个或多个假体椎体和椎间盘单元。 最后,完成并符合标准的椎体和椎间盘植入植入患者脊柱。
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公开(公告)号:USRE42480E1
公开(公告)日:2011-06-21
申请号:US10017611
申请日:2001-12-14
申请人: Vincent Bryan , Alex Kunzler
发明人: Vincent Bryan , Alex Kunzler
IPC分类号: A61F2/44
CPC分类号: A61F2/30742 , A61B17/686 , A61B17/7059 , A61B17/86 , A61B2017/00004 , A61F2/08 , A61F2/30771 , A61F2/44 , A61F2/442 , A61F2/4425 , A61F2002/30016 , A61F2002/30069 , A61F2002/30113 , A61F2002/30168 , A61F2002/302 , A61F2002/30214 , A61F2002/30235 , A61F2002/30253 , A61F2002/3038 , A61F2002/30405 , A61F2002/30433 , A61F2002/30448 , A61F2002/30451 , A61F2002/30461 , A61F2002/30464 , A61F2002/30469 , A61F2002/30474 , A61F2002/30487 , A61F2002/30495 , A61F2002/30507 , A61F2002/30563 , A61F2002/30576 , A61F2002/30578 , A61F2002/30579 , A61F2002/30594 , A61F2002/30599 , A61F2002/30624 , A61F2002/30663 , A61F2002/30772 , A61F2002/30785 , A61F2002/443 , A61F2002/449 , A61F2220/0025 , A61F2220/0033 , A61F2220/0041 , A61F2220/005 , A61F2220/0058 , A61F2220/0075 , A61F2230/0006 , A61F2230/0043 , A61F2230/0065 , A61F2230/0067 , A61F2230/0069 , A61F2230/0076 , A61F2250/0019 , A61F2250/0063 , A61F2310/00023 , A61F2310/00029 , Y10S606/907 , Y10S606/91
摘要: The invention relates to a spinal disc endoprosthesis. The endoprosthesis has a resilient body formed of one or more materials which may vary in stiffness from a relatively stiff exterior annular gasket portion to a relatively supple central nucleus portion. Concaval-convex elements at least partly surround that nucleus portion so as to retain the nucleus portion and gasket between adjacent vertebral bodies in a patient's spine. Assemblies of endoprosthetic discs, endoprosthetic vertebral bodies, and endoprosthetic longitudinal ligaments may be constructed. To implant this endoprosthesis assembly, information is obtained regarding the size, shape, and nature of a patient's damaged spine. Thereafter, one or more prosthetic vertebral bodies and disc units are constructed in conformity with that information. Finally, the completed and conformed vertebral body and disc assembly is implanted in the patient's spine.
摘要翻译: 本发明涉及一种脊椎椎间盘假体。 内用假体具有由一种或多种材料形成的弹性体,其可以从相对刚性的外部环形垫圈部分到相对柔软的中央核部分的刚度变化。 凹凸元件至少部分地围绕该核部分,以便将患者脊柱中的核部分和垫片保持在相邻的椎体之间。 可以构建内假体盘,内假体椎体和假体内纵向韧带的组件。 为了植入该内假体装配体,获得关于患者受损的脊柱的尺寸,形状和性质的信息。 此后,根据该信息构造一个或多个假体椎体和椎间盘单元。 最后,完成并符合标准的椎体和椎间盘植入植入患者脊柱。
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公开(公告)号:US07147665B1
公开(公告)日:2006-12-12
申请号:US09744493
申请日:1999-07-22
申请人: Vincent Bryan , Alex Kunzler
发明人: Vincent Bryan , Alex Kunzler
IPC分类号: A61F2/44
CPC分类号: A61F2/442 , A61F2/30724 , A61F2/30742 , A61F2/441 , A61F2/4425 , A61F2002/302 , A61F2002/30232 , A61F2002/30253 , A61F2002/30311 , A61F2002/30332 , A61F2002/30451 , A61F2002/30563 , A61F2002/30578 , A61F2002/30616 , A61F2002/30665 , A61F2002/308 , A61F2002/30808 , A61F2002/3081 , A61F2002/30871 , A61F2002/30975 , A61F2002/443 , A61F2002/4635 , A61F2220/0033 , A61F2220/0058 , A61F2230/0065 , A61F2230/0069 , A61F2230/0076 , A61F2310/00011 , A61F2310/00179
摘要: A small profile, cylindrically shaped prosthetic disc device is provided. The device housing is comprised of two longitudinally split hollow halves, between which are contained multiple discoid shaped resilient bodies which may be of a polymeric type, or they may contain hydrogel. These bodies may lie in concave surfaces located on the interior of each side of the split cylindrical housing. The housing halves even under maximum physiological loads, do not contact one another directly. Threads on the exterior surface of the cylindrical housing facilitates insertion and retention in the prepared bone opening.
摘要翻译: 提供了一种小型,圆柱形的假体椎间盘装置。 装置壳体由两个纵向分开的空心半部组成,两个中空半部之间包含多个可以是聚合型的盘形弹性体,或者它们可以含有水凝胶。 这些主体可以位于分开的圆柱形壳体的每一侧的内部的凹面中。 即使在最大生理负荷下,外壳也不会相互直接接触。 在圆柱形外壳的外表面上的螺纹有助于在准备的骨头开口中的插入和保持。
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