摘要:
A method of producing glass using submerged combustion melting includes supplying a combustible gas mixture to one or more submerged burners of a submerged combustion melter, combusting the combustible gas mixture supplied to the submerged burner(s) to produce combustion products, and discharging the combustion products from the submerged burner(s) directly into a glass melt contained within the submerged combustion melter to agitate and heat the glass melt. The glass melt is comprised of soda-lime-silica glass and has a redox ratio. Additionally, the disclosed method involves controlling one or more operating conditions of the submerged combustion melter selected from (1) an oxygen-to-fuel ratio of the combustible gas mixture supplied to each of the submerged burners, (2) a residence time of the glass melt, and (3) a gas flux through the glass melt.
摘要:
An apparatus for manufacturing glass includes a furnace. A doghouse of the furnace receives and melts solid-glass forming material using one or more submerged combustion burners. An elongated tank positioned downstream of the doghouse includes a melting chamber, a refining chamber, and a thermal conditioning. The melting chamber has in inlet through which molten glass is received from the doghouse. The refining chamber is positioned downstream of the melting chamber and receives molten glass from the melting chamber. The thermal conditioning chamber is positioned downstream of the refining chamber and receives molten glass from the refining chamber. Additionally, the thermal conditioning chamber delivers molten glass to a glass forming machine.
摘要:
A holding member is used in a glass manufacturing apparatus that cools down a glass raw material that has been levitated by gas and has been heated and melted, and manufactures glass. The holding member includes a gas injection surface that includes a plurality of injection ports from which the gas is injected. The gas injection surface includes a first region and a second region, the first region including first injection ports that are some injection ports of the plurality of injection ports, the second region including second injection ports that are different from the first injection ports from among the plurality of injection ports. The first region is located inside the second region, when the gas injection surface is viewed from the top. An area of the injection ports per unit area of the first region is smaller than the area of the injection ports per the unit area of the second region. The area of the injection ports per the unit area of the first region is a ratio of the total of cross-sectional areas of the first injection ports to the area of the first region when the gas injection surface is viewed from the top. The area of the injection ports per the unit area of the second region is the ratio of the total of cross-sectional areas of the second injection ports to the area of the second region when the gas injection surface is viewed from the top.
摘要:
A glass product manufacturing apparatus includes a stirring vessel disposed in a chamber, a conduit arranged in the chamber and having an inner space through which molten glass from the stirring vessels flows, and a nozzle disposed in the chamber adjacent to the conduit and configured to jet a fluid around the conduit. Accordingly, cooling efficiency and manufacturing efficiency of the glass manufacturing apparatus may be improved.
摘要:
Methods and apparatus for producing fibers from igneous rock, including basalt include heating igneous rock by electrical conductive coils to achieve an homogenous melt and forming homogenous fibers from the melt.