公开(公告)号：US5967061A

公开(公告)日：1999-10-19

申请号：US783170

申请日：1997-01-14

Applicant: Robert A. Ashworth ,  Donald K. Morrison ,  Roy Payne

Inventor： Robert A. Ashworth ,  Donald K. Morrison ,  Roy Payne

IPC: B01D53/56 ,  B01D53/80 ,  F23C6/04 ,  F23D1/00 ,  F23J15/00

CPC classification number: B01D53/80 ,  B01D53/56 ,  F23C6/047 ,  F23D1/005 ,  F23C2201/101 ,  F23C2201/301 ,  F23J2215/10

Abstract: A method and system is provided for the reduction of nitrogen and sulfur oxides emissions from carbonaceous fuel combustion flue gases. The method includes the injection of coal water slurry as a reburn fuel into furnace flue gases to partially oxidize the coal water slurry thereby producing reducing gas species in a reburn zone that convert flue gas nitrogen oxides to diatomic nitrogen. Optionally, sulfur oxides may also be removed from the flue gas by adding alkali compounds to the coal water slurry before injecting the slurry into the furnace, or by injecting the alkali compounds separately into the reducing reburn zone in the furnace created by the partial oxidation of the coal water slurry reburn fuel. The alkali compounds react with the sulfur species to produce alkali sulfite and sulfate particulate solids, which can be removed in a downstream particulate removal device such as an electrostatic precipitator or bag house.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种方法和系统，用于减少含碳燃料燃烧烟道气中的氮氧化物和硫氧化物的排放。 该方法包括将煤水浆料作为再燃燃料注入炉内烟气中以部分氧化煤水浆料，从而在再沸区中产生将烟气氮氧化物转化为双原子氮的还原气体物质。 任选地，硫氧化物也可以通过在将浆料注入炉内之前向煤水浆中加入碱性化合物，或者将碱性化合物分别注入到通过部分氧化产生的炉中的还原再沸区中 煤水泥浆再燃燃料。 碱性化合物与硫物质反应以产生碱性亚硫酸盐和硫酸盐颗粒固体，其可以在下游微粒去除装置如静电除尘器或袋式室中除去。

公开(公告)号：US5913287A

公开(公告)日：1999-06-22

申请号：US140235

申请日：1998-08-26

Applicant: Ernest Csendes

Inventor： Ernest Csendes

IPC: F22B31/00 ,  F23C6/04 ,  F23J7/00 ,  F23M9/06 ,  F22B1/00

CPC classification number: F23M9/06 ,  F22B31/00 ,  F23C6/047 ,  F23J7/00 ,  F23C2201/101 ,  F23M2900/09061

Abstract: Semi-permeable screens are installed in a pulverized coal burning boiler and rotatably driven by a high speed rotatable shaft. A first one of the screens is located above the main combustion zone of the boiler and a second one of the screens is located directly under the burnout zone of the boiler. The underside of the first rotating screen repels the larger and slower burning fuel particles that escape from the main combustion zone so that they are recycled for a complete burn-out. The smaller glowing particles suspended in the combustion gases pass through the first rotating screen and are micronized by the comminution effected by the spiral vortexes generated above this first screen. The second rotating screen positioned under the burnout zone provides for mixing and comminution of the gases and burning coal particles respectively. The vortexes generated by the screens homogenize the heat distribution in the upwardly moving stream of gas and solid particulates. The fuel may consist of micronized or pulverized particles or lumps of solids and may be combusted by itself or in admixture with sorbents for the flame scrubbing of SO.sub.x and NO.sub.x.

Abstract translation: 半透光筛装置安装在燃煤锅炉中，由高速旋转轴可旋转驱动。 屏幕中的第一个位于锅炉的主燃烧区上方，第二个屏幕位于锅炉的燃尽区的正下方。 第一旋转屏幕的下侧排斥从主燃烧区逸出的较大和较慢燃烧的燃料颗粒，以使它们被再循环以完全燃尽。 悬浮在燃烧气体中的较小的发光颗粒通过第一旋转筛，并通过在该第一筛网之上产生的螺旋涡流进行的粉碎而微粉化。 位于燃尽区下方的第二旋转筛分别提供气体和燃烧煤颗粒的混合和粉碎。 由筛网产生的涡流使向上移动的气体和固体颗粒物流中的热分布均匀化。 燃料可以由微粉化或粉碎的颗粒或固体块组成，并且可以自身燃烧或与吸附剂混合以用于SO x和NO x的火焰洗涤。

公开(公告)号：US5724895A

公开(公告)日：1998-03-10

申请号：US436477

申请日：1995-05-23

Applicant: Erik Uppstu

Inventor： Erik Uppstu

IPC: D21C11/12 ,  F23C7/02 ,  F23G7/04 ,  F23L9/02 ,  F23L9/06

CPC classification number: F23L9/02 ,  D21C11/12 ,  F23C7/02 ,  F23G7/04 ,  F23C2201/101

Abstract: This invention is directed to an arrangement and a device for distribution of oxygen-containing gas (air) in a furnace, into which fuel is supplied as solid or fluid particles (1). The fuel consists of e.g. spent liquor from the pulp industry. Said liquor burns partly as char (2) on the floor (3), and partly as suspended particles and as volatiles. Horizontal rows of gas jets (4) activate the char burning on the floor. Vertically extended configuration of gas jets (5) higher up induces strong horizontal gas circulation but reduces vertical flow extremes. The improved horizontal mixing increases burning stability, capacity and energy efficiency, but reduces emission of SO.sub.x, NO.sub.x and TRS. Lowered vertical recirculation permits better concentration of burning in the lower furnace and less carry-over of fuel particles.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / FI93 / 00488 Sec。 371日期：1995年5月23日 102（e）日期1995年5月23日PCT 1993年11月18日PCT公布。 公开号WO94 / 12829 日期：1995年6月9日本发明涉及一种用于在炉中分配含氧气体（空气）的装置和装置，其中作为固体或流体颗粒（1）供应燃料。 燃料由例如 来自纸浆行业的废液。 所述液体部分地作为焦炭（2）在地板（3）上燃烧，并且部分地作为悬浮颗粒和挥发物燃烧。 水平排列的气体喷射（4）激活地板上燃烧的焦炭。 气体射流（5）的垂直延伸配置较高会引起强烈的水平气体循环，但会降低垂直流动极限。 改善的水平混合提高了燃烧稳定性，容量和能量效率，但减少了SOx，NOx和TRS的排放。 降低的垂直再循环允许在较低的炉中更好地燃烧燃烧，并减少燃料颗粒的滞留。

公开(公告)号：US5611682A

公开(公告)日：1997-03-18

申请号：US523988

申请日：1995-09-05

Applicant: Aleksandar G. Slavejkov ,  Thomas M. Gosling ,  Robert E. Knorr, Jr.

Inventor： Aleksandar G. Slavejkov ,  Thomas M. Gosling ,  Robert E. Knorr, Jr.

IPC: C03B5/235 ,  F23C6/04 ,  F23D14/22 ,  F23D14/32 ,  F23C5/00

CPC classification number: F23D14/32 ,  C03B5/2353 ,  F23C6/045 ,  F23D14/22 ,  F23C2201/101 ,  F23D2900/00013 ,  Y02E20/344 ,  Y02P40/55 ,  Y02P40/57

Abstract: A staged oxy-fuel burner for producing a generally flat fuel rich flame overlying a highly radiative fuel lean flame, the burner having a fuel passage terminating in a nozzle, the fuel passage and nozzle having a generally elongated cross-section, a housing of complementary shape surrounding the fuel passage, so that when fuel is introduced into the fuel passage and an oxidizer is introduced into the passage defined by a space between the housing and the fuel passage a generally flat fuel rich flame is produced at the nozzle end of the fuel conduit and a staging nozzle for introducing oxidizer underneath and in a shape complementary to said fuel rich flame to produce a highly radiative fuel lean flame under said fuel rich flame. A precombustor having a cross-sectional shape complementary to that of flame end of the burner can be disposed on the flame end of the burner housing the precombustor having a nozzle underneath the flame end to introduce oxidizer underneath the fuel rich flame exiting the precombustor.

Abstract translation: 一种分级氧燃料燃烧器，用于产生覆盖高度辐射的燃料贫燃火焰的大致平坦的富燃料火焰，燃烧器具有终止于喷嘴中的燃料通道，燃料通道和喷嘴具有大致细长的横截面， 形状围绕燃料通道，使得当燃料被引入燃料通道中并且氧化剂被引入由壳体和燃料通道之间的空间限定的通道中时，在燃料的喷嘴端处产生大致平坦的富燃料火焰 导管和用于在下面引入氧化剂并且具有与所述富燃料火焰互补的形状的分段喷嘴，以在所述富燃料火焰下产生高度辐射的燃料贫火焰。 具有与燃烧器的火焰端的横截面形状互补的预燃烧器可以设置在燃烧器的火焰端上，该燃烧器容纳具有在火焰端下方的喷嘴的预燃烧器，以在离开预燃室的富燃料火焰下方引入氧化剂。

公开(公告)号：US5580241A

公开(公告)日：1996-12-03

申请号：US423226

申请日：1995-04-17

Applicant: Paulo G. Koeberle

Inventor： Paulo G. Koeberle

IPC: B01J8/18 ,  B01J8/28 ,  B01J8/38 ,  C10J3/56 ,  F22B31/00 ,  F23C10/10 ,  F23C10/18 ,  F27B15/00 ,  F27D19/00

CPC classification number: F23C10/10 ,  B01J8/1845 ,  B01J8/28 ,  B01J8/388 ,  C10J3/482 ,  C10J3/56 ,  F22B31/0084 ,  F23C10/18 ,  F27B15/00 ,  C10J2200/158 ,  C10J2300/1861 ,  F23C2201/101 ,  F23C2206/101 ,  F23C2206/103 ,  F23C2900/99006 ,  F23G2203/501

Abstract: A circulating fluidized bed thermal reactor such as a boiler or gasifier, having the riser divided into a sequence of stages by a plurality of restrictions which create multiple beds dynamically suspended. Circulation occurs below transport velocity, solids distribution is substantially uniform, average bed density can be varied from near-zero to very high values, solids mobility is unrestricted, temperature is uniform. Gases follow multistage CSTR flow regime, specially suited for fuels which break down into volatiles upon heating, such as biomass, hazardous wastes and most fuels other than coal.

Abstract translation: 一种循环流化床热反应器，例如锅炉或气化器，其具有通过多个限制分成一系列阶段的立管，其形成动态悬浮的多个床。 循环发生在运输速度以下，固体分布基本均匀，平均床密度可从近零到非常高的值变化，固体迁移率不受限制，温度均匀。 气体遵循多级CSTR流动方式，特别适用于加热时分解成挥发物的燃料，如生物质，危险废物和除煤以外的大多数燃料。

公开(公告)号：US5531973A

公开(公告)日：1996-07-02

申请号：US393600

申请日：1995-02-23

Applicant: Hamid Sarv

Inventor： Hamid Sarv

IPC: B01D53/56 ,  B01D53/74 ,  C01B3/24 ,  C01B21/02 ,  C01B21/082 ,  C01C3/02 ,  F23C6/04 ,  F23C99/00 ,  F23J7/00

CPC classification number: F23C99/001 ,  F23C6/045 ,  F23J7/00 ,  F23C2201/101 ,  F23C2201/301 ,  F23C2900/99005 ,  F23J2219/201 ,  Y10S423/10

Abstract: A method for reducing NO.sub.x produced by the burning of fuels includes providing a hydrocarbon and nitrogen mixture to a plasma arc generator for producing NO.sub.x reducing precursors which are, in turn, provided near the burning of the fuel for reacting and reducing NO.sub.x emissions. These precursors include N, H, HCN, CH.sub.i and NH.sub.i, etc.

Abstract translation: 一种用于减少由燃料燃烧产生的NOx的方法包括向等离子体电弧发生器提供碳氢化合物和氮气混合物，用于产生NOx还原前体，其又在燃料燃烧附近提供用于反应和还原NOx排放。 这些前体包括N，H，HCN，CHi和NHi等

公开(公告)号：US5181475A

公开(公告)日：1993-01-26

申请号：US829430

申请日：1992-02-03

Applicant: Bernard P. Breen ,  James E. Gabrielson

Inventor： Bernard P. Breen ,  James E. Gabrielson

IPC: F23C1/00 ,  F23C6/04

CPC classification number: F23C6/047 ,  F23C1/00 ,  F23C2201/101 ,  F23C2201/301

Abstract: An apparatus and method for reducing nitrogen oxide emissions from the products of combustion is provided in which a vortex generator introduces natural gas, or other fluid fuel into the upper portion of a combustion device. The fuel introduced forms vortices, such as vortex rings, and the fuel reacts with the nitrogen oxide in the combustion products to form ammonia-like compounds, hydrogen cyanide and similar compounds, and nitrogen. The ammonia and cyanide-like fragments react with additional amounts of nitrogen oxide in the combustion products to form nitrogen gas, water vapor and carbon dioxide. The vortex rings can be controlled and will maintain their integrity longer than puffs or simple jets of fuel.

Abstract translation: 提供一种用于减少来自燃烧产物的氮氧化物排放的装置和方法，其中涡流发生器将天然气或其它流体燃料引入燃烧装置的上部。 引入的燃料形成漩涡，例如涡环，燃料与燃烧产物中的氮氧化物反应形成氨类化合物，氰化氢和类似化合物以及氮气。 氨和氰化物样碎片与燃烧产物中的额外量的氮氧化物反应以形成氮气，水蒸气和二氧化碳。 涡流环可以被控制，并且将保持它们的完整性比抽吸或简单的燃料喷射更长。

公开(公告)号：US5131335A

公开(公告)日：1992-07-21

申请号：US752464

申请日：1991-08-26

Applicant: Heinz Spliethoff ,  Hartmut Spliethoff

Inventor： Heinz Spliethoff ,  Hartmut Spliethoff

IPC: F23C99/00 ,  F23C6/04 ,  F23J7/00

CPC classification number: F23C6/047 ,  F23J7/00 ,  F23C2201/101 ,  F23C2201/301

Abstract: In a process for reducing the nitric oxide emission during the combustion of solid fuels, the flue gases leaving from a main combustion zone (2) consecutively flow through two reduction zones (6,9). The first reduction zone (6) is operated hypostoichiometrically at temperatures above 1,000.degree. C. and while adding a reducing fuel, while the second reduction zone (9) is operated hyperstoichiometrically at temperatures from 950.degree. C. to 1,000.degree. C. and in the presence of nitric oxide-reducing substances.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / DE90 / 00985 Sec。 371日期1991年8月26日 102（e）日期1991年8月26日PCT 1990年12月21日PCT PCT。 WO91 / 10097 PCT出版物 日期：1991年7月11日。在固体燃料燃烧期间减少一氧化氮排放的方法中，从主燃烧区（2）离开的烟道气连续流过两个还原区（6,9）。 第一还原区（6）在高于1000℃的温度下进行低等值化学操作，同时加入还原燃料，而第二还原区（9）在950℃至1000℃的温度下以超化学计量运行， 存在一氧化氮还原物质。

公开(公告)号：US4993332A

公开(公告)日：1991-02-19

申请号：US416312

申请日：1989-09-13

Applicant: Laszlo Boross ,  Sandor Kovacs ,  Karoly Remenyi ,  Pal Resch ,  Laszlo Voros ,  Ferenc Horvath ,  Tibor Gerlai

Inventor： Laszlo Boross ,  Sandor Kovacs ,  Karoly Remenyi ,  Pal Resch ,  Laszlo Voros ,  Ferenc Horvath ,  Tibor Gerlai

IPC: F23C10/10 ,  A01N29/08 ,  A01N33/22 ,  A01N57/02 ,  F23C1/00 ,  F23C1/06 ,  F23C6/04 ,  F23C10/00 ,  F23K1/00 ,  F23K3/00

CPC classification number: F23C1/00 ,  F23C10/002 ,  F23C6/047 ,  F23K1/00 ,  F23C2201/101 ,  F23C2201/301

Abstract: A hybrid combustion system is provided combining advantages of a fluidized bed combustion portion and a pulverized coal combustion portion. The former portion includes a fluidized bed chamber, a coal mill without an air separator, a recycling duct connected to the coal mill, a coal supply duct, and a spray feeder. The fluidized coal combustion portion includes a pulverizing coal mill with air separator, a blowing duct for blowing ground coal, at least one pulverized coal burner and an air recycling duct for recycling combustion air. Fluidized bed combustion takes place in a lower part of the system and pulverized coal combustion takes place above the fluidized bed combustion. Each of the portions may be independently operated of the other. A main combustion chamber is common to both the fluidized bed portion and the pulverized coal portion. A related process is also described.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / HU88 / 00070 Sec。 371日期：1989年9月13日 102（e）日期1989年9月13日PCT提交1988年10月27日PCT公布。 出版物WO89 / 04940 日期：1989年6月1日。提供了一种混合燃烧系统，其结合流化床燃烧部分和粉煤燃烧部分的优点。 前一部分包括流化床室，没有空气分离器的煤磨机，连接到煤磨机的回收管道，煤供应管道和喷射进料器。 流化煤燃烧部分包括具有空气分离器的粉煤磨机，用于吹入煤的吹风管，至少一个粉煤燃烧器和用于再循环燃烧空气的空气循环管道。 流化床燃烧发生在系统的下部，粉煤燃烧发生在流化床燃烧之上。 每个部分可以彼此独立地操作。 主燃烧室对于流化床部分和粉煤部分是共同的。 还描述了相关过程。

公开(公告)号：US4810186A

公开(公告)日：1989-03-07

申请号：US903987

申请日：1986-09-04

Applicant: Klaus-Dieter Rennert ,  Wolfgang Schreier

Inventor： Klaus-Dieter Rennert ,  Wolfgang Schreier

IPC: F23C5/32 ,  F23C6/04 ,  F23C99/00 ,  F23D1/00

CPC classification number: F23C6/047 ,  F23C5/32 ,  F23C2201/101

Abstract: A method and firing equipment for burning solid, liquid, or gaseous fuels, especially pulverized coal. The method includes the steps of tangentially introducing main fuel via main burners into a combustion chamber, where the fuel is burned, introducing reducing fuel via reduction burners into the combustion chamber to reduce the nitrogen oxides produced during the combustion of the main fuel, with the reducing fuel being burned under partial stoichiometric conditions, and, to ensure the burning-out of the fuel introduced into the combustion chamber, introducing burn-air above the feed of the main fuel and the reducing fuel, with a helically rising flow being provided in the combustion chamber. The reducing fuel of a given reduction burner is mixed, at a given distance from the opening of the associated main burner, with the curved afflux leaving that main burner for helical flow about the center of the combustion chamber.

Abstract translation: 一种用于燃烧固体，液体或气体燃料，特别是煤粉的方法和燃烧设备。 该方法包括以下步骤：将主燃料通过主燃烧器切向引入到燃烧室中，其中燃料被燃烧，通过还原燃烧器将还原燃料引入燃烧室中以减少主燃料燃烧期间产生的氮氧化物， 减少在部分化学计量条件下燃烧的燃料，并且为了确保引入燃烧室的燃料燃烧，在主燃料和还原燃料的进料上方引入燃烧空气，其中提供螺旋形上升的流动 燃烧室。 给定的还原燃烧器的还原燃料在相关联的主燃烧器的开口距离给定距离处与弯曲的流体相混合，离开该主燃烧器用于围绕燃烧室的中心的螺旋流。