公开(公告)号：US20130255758A1

公开(公告)日：2013-10-03

申请号：US11486163

申请日：2006-07-14

Applicant: Barry Rand ,  Stephen R. Forrest ,  Diana Pendergrast Burk

Inventor： Barry Rand ,  Stephen R. Forrest ,  Diana Pendergrast Burk

IPC: H01L51/42

CPC classification number: H01L51/4246 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  H01L27/302 ,  H01L51/0046 ,  H01L51/0071 ,  H01L51/0072 ,  H01L51/0078 ,  H01L51/4253 ,  Y02E10/549

Abstract: An organic photovoltaic cell includes an anode and a cathode, and a plurality of organic semiconductor layers between the anode and the cathode. At least one of the anode and the cathode is transparent. Each two adjacent layers of the plurality of organic semiconductor layers are in direct contact. The plurality of organic semiconductor layers includes an intermediate layer consisting essentially of a photoconductive material, and two sets of at least three layers. A first set of at least three layers is between the intermediate layer and the anode. Each layer of the first set consists essentially of a different organic semiconductor material having a higher LUMO and a higher HOMO, relative to the material of an adjacent layer of the plurality of organic semiconductor layers closer to the cathode. A second set of at least three layers is between the intermediate layer and the cathode. Each layer of the second set consists essentially of a different organic semiconductor material having a lower LUMO and a lower HOMO, relative to the material of an adjacent layer of the plurality of organic semiconductor layers closer to the anode.

Abstract translation: 有机光伏电池包括阳极和阴极，以及在阳极和阴极之间的多个有机半导体层。 阳极和阴极中的至少一个是透明的。 多个有机半导体层中的每两相邻层直接接触。 多个有机半导体层包括基本上由光电导材料组成的中间层和两组至少三层。 中间层和阳极之间至少有三层的第一组。 相对于更靠近阴极的多个有机半导体层的相邻层的材料，第一组的每个层基本上由具有较高LUMO和较高HOMO的不同有机半导体材料组成。 第二组至少三层在中间层和阴极之间。 相对于更靠近阳极的多个有机半导体层的相邻层的材料，第二组的每个层基本上由具有较低LUMO和较低HOMO的不同有机半导体材料组成。

公开(公告)号：US08466004B2

公开(公告)日：2013-06-18

申请号：US12573795

申请日：2009-10-05

Applicant: Peter Peumans ,  Soichi Uchida ,  Stephen R. Forrest

Inventor： Peter Peumans ,  Soichi Uchida ,  Stephen R. Forrest

IPC: H01L51/40

CPC classification number: H01L51/0026 ,  H01L51/0053 ,  H01L51/0078 ,  H01L51/4246 ,  H01L51/4253 ,  Y02E10/549

Abstract: Organic photosensitive optoelectronic devices are disclosed. The devises are thin-film crystalline organic optoelectronic devices capable of generating a voltage when exposed to light, and prepared by a method including the steps of: depositing a first organic layer over a first electrode; depositing a second organic layer over the first organic layer; depositing a confining layer over the second organic layer to form a stack; annealing the stack; and finally depositing a second electrode over the second organic layer.

公开(公告)号：US20130107904A1

公开(公告)日：2013-05-02

申请号：US13446928

申请日：2012-04-13

Applicant: Stephen R. Forrest ,  Yifan Zhang

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Yifan Zhang

IPC: H01S5/36

CPC classification number: H01S5/36 ,  H01S3/168 ,  H01S5/041 ,  H01S5/12 ,  H01S5/183

Abstract: A first device is provided. The device includes an organic semiconductor laser. The organic semiconductor laser further includes an optical cavity and an organic layer disposed within the optical cavity. The organic layer includes: an organic host compound; an organic emitting compound capable of fluorescent emission; and an organic dopant compound. The organic dopant compound may also be referred to herein as a “triplet manager.” The triplet energy of the organic dopant compound is lower than or equal to the triplet energy of the organic host compound. The triplet energy of the organic dopant compound is lower than or equal to the triplet energy of the organic emitting compound. The singlet energy of the organic emitting compound is lower than or equal to the singlet energy of the organic host compound.

Abstract translation: 提供第一个设备。 该器件包括有机半导体激光器。 有机半导体激光器还包括光腔和设置在光腔内的有机层。 有机层包括：有机主体化合物; 能够进行荧光发射的有机发光性化合物; 和有机掺杂剂化合物。 有机掺杂剂化合物在本文中也可称为“三线态管理器”。 有机掺杂剂化合物的三线态能量低于或等于有机主体化合物的三线态能量。 有机掺杂剂化合物的三重态能量低于或等于有机发光化合物的三线态能量。 有机发光化合物的单线态能量低于或等于有机主体化合物的单线态能。

公开(公告)号：US20130105779A1

公开(公告)日：2013-05-02

申请号：US13666664

申请日：2012-11-01

Applicant: Stephen R. Forrest ,  Xiaoran Tong ,  Jun Yeob Lee ,  Yong Joo Cho

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Xiaoran Tong ,  Jun Yeob Lee ,  Yong Joo Cho

IPC: H01L51/44 ,  B05D3/12

CPC classification number: H01L51/003 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  H01L27/14643 ,  H01L27/30 ,  H01L51/0046 ,  H01L51/0053 ,  H01L51/0077 ,  H01L51/0078 ,  H01L51/0097 ,  H01L51/424 ,  Y02E10/549

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for preparing the surface of a metal substrate. The present disclosure also relates to an organic photovoltaic device comprising a metal substrate made by such method. Also disclosed herein is an inverted photosensitive device comprising a reflective electrode comprising stainless steel foil, an organic donor-acceptor heterojunction over the reflective electrode, and a transparent electrode over the donor-acceptor heterojunction.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种制备金属基材表面的方法。 本公开还涉及包含通过这种方法制造的金属衬底的有机光伏器件。 本文还公开了一种反转感光装置，其包括反射电极，其包括不锈钢箔，反射电极上的有机供体 - 受体异质结，以及供体 - 受体异质结上的透明电极。

公开(公告)号：US08415757B2

公开(公告)日：2013-04-09

申请号：US13011255

申请日：2011-01-21

Applicant: Stephen R. Forrest ,  Fan Yang

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Fan Yang

IPC: H01L27/14

CPC classification number: H01L27/302 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  H01L51/0046 ,  H01L51/0078 ,  H01L51/0086 ,  H01L51/4246 ,  H01L51/4253 ,  Y02E10/549 ,  Y02P70/521

Abstract: A photosensitive optoelectronic device having an improved hybrid planar bulk heterojunction includes a plurality of photoconductive materials disposed between the anode and the cathode. The photoconductive materials include a first continuous layer of donor material and a second continuous layer of acceptor material. A first network of donor material or materials extends from the first continuous layer toward the second continuous layer, providing continuous pathways for conduction of holes to the first continuous layer. A second network of acceptor material or materials extends from the second continuous layer toward the first continuous layer, providing continuous pathways for conduction of electrons to the second continuous layer. The first network and the second network are interlaced with each other. At least one other photoconductive material is interspersed between the interlaced networks. This other photoconductive material or materials has an absorption spectra different from the donor and acceptor materials.

Abstract translation: 具有改进的混合平面体异质结的光敏光电子器件包括设置在阳极和阴极之间的多个光导材料。 光电导材料包括供体材料的第一连续层和受主材料的第二连续层。 供体材料或材料的第一网络从第一连续层延伸到第二连续层，提供用于将孔传导到第一连续层的连续路径。 受主材料或材料的第二网络从第二连续层向第一连续层延伸，提供用于将电子传导到第二连续层的连续路径。 第一网络和第二网络彼此交错。 至少另一种光电导材料分散在隔行网络之间。 这种其他光电导材料或材料具有不同于供体和受体材料的吸收光谱。

公开(公告)号：US20130037095A1

公开(公告)日：2013-02-14

申请号：US13543450

申请日：2012-07-06

Applicant: Stephen R. FORREST ,  Christopher Kyle RENSHAW ,  Michael SLOOTSKY

Inventor： Stephen R. FORREST ,  Christopher Kyle RENSHAW ,  Michael SLOOTSKY

IPC: H01L31/02 ,  H01L31/0232 ,  H01L31/18 ,  H01L31/0224

CPC classification number: H01L31/02327 ,  H01L31/03046 ,  H01L31/0392 ,  H01L31/03926 ,  H01L31/0445 ,  H01L31/0687 ,  H01L31/0693 ,  H01L31/1844 ,  H01L31/1896 ,  Y02E10/52 ,  Y02E10/544

Abstract: There is disclosed ultrahigh-efficiency single- and multi-junction thin-film solar cells. This disclosure is also directed to a substrate-damage-free epitaxial lift-off (“ELO”) process that employs adhesive-free, reliable and lightweight cold-weld bonding to a substrate, such as bonding to plastic or metal foils shaped into compound parabolic metal foil concentrators. By combining low-cost solar cell production and ultrahigh-efficiency of solar intensity-concentrated thin-film solar cells on foil substrates shaped into an integrated collector, as described herein, both lower cost of the module as well as significant cost reductions in the infrastructure is achieved.

Abstract translation: 公开了超高效率单结和多结薄膜太阳能电池。 本公开还涉及无衬底损伤的外延剥离（ELO）工艺，其使用无粘合剂，可靠和轻质的冷焊接接到基底上，例如结合塑料或金属箔，形成复合抛物线金属 箔集中器。 通过将低成本的太阳能电池生产和太阳能强度集中的薄膜太阳能电池的超高效率结合在成形为集成集成器的箔基板上，如本文所述，模块的较低成本以及基础设施的显着成本降低 已完成。

公开(公告)号：US08357849B2

公开(公告)日：2013-01-22

申请号：US10949375

申请日：2004-09-27

Applicant: Peter Peumans ,  Stephen R. Forrest

Inventor： Peter Peumans ,  Stephen R. Forrest

IPC: H01L31/00

CPC classification number: H01L51/424 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  H01L27/305 ,  H01L51/0037 ,  H01L51/0046 ,  H01L51/0053 ,  H01L51/0078 ,  H01L51/4246 ,  H01L51/4253 ,  Y02E10/549

Abstract: A photoactive device is provided. The device includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a photoactive region disposed between and electrically connected to the first and second electrodes. The photoactive region further includes an organic donor layer and an organic acceptor layer that form a donor-acceptor heterojunction. The mobility of holes in the organic donor region and the mobility of electrons in the organic acceptor region are different by a factor of at least 100, and more preferably a factor of at least 1000. At least one of the mobility of holes in the organic donor region and the mobility of electrons in the organic acceptor region is greater than 0.001 cm2/V-sec, and more preferably greater than 1 cm2/V-sec. The heterojunction may be of various types, including a planar heterojunction, a bulk heterojunction, a mixed heterojunction, and a hybrid planar-mixed heterojunction.

Abstract translation: 提供光敏装置。 该器件包括第一电极，第二电极和设置在第一和第二电极之间并电连接到第一和第二电极的光活性区域。 光活性区还包括形成供体 - 受体异质结的有机供体层和有机受体层。 有机供体区中的空穴的迁移率和有机受体区域中的电子的迁移率不同于至少100倍，更优选至少为1000的因子。有机物中空穴的迁移率中的至少一个 施主区域和电子在有机受体区域中的迁移率大于0.001cm 2 / V-sec，更优选大于1cm 2 / V·sec。 异质结可以是各种类型的，包括平面异质结，体异质结，混合异质结和混合平面混合异质结。

公开(公告)号：US08324803B2

公开(公告)日：2012-12-04

申请号：US12755159

申请日：2010-04-06

Applicant: Stephen R. Forrest ,  Mark E. Thompson ,  Paul E. Burrows ,  Linda Susan Sapochak ,  Dennis Matthew McCarty

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Mark E. Thompson ,  Paul E. Burrows ,  Linda Susan Sapochak ,  Dennis Matthew McCarty

IPC: H05B33/14

CPC classification number: H01L51/5234 ,  C09K11/06 ,  H01L27/156 ,  H01L27/3209 ,  H01L51/0034 ,  H01L51/0035 ,  H01L51/0036 ,  H01L51/0038 ,  H01L51/0042 ,  H01L51/005 ,  H01L51/0051 ,  H01L51/0059 ,  H01L51/0077 ,  H01L51/008 ,  H01L51/0081 ,  H01L51/0084 ,  H01L51/5012 ,  H01L51/5036 ,  H01L51/5048 ,  H01L51/5243 ,  H01L51/5246 ,  H01L51/5253 ,  H01L2224/24145 ,  H01L2251/5323 ,  H01L2924/01021 ,  H01L2924/01068 ,  H01L2924/12041 ,  H01L2924/12044 ,  H01L2924/00

Abstract: A multicolor organic light emitting device employs vertically stacked layers of double heterostructure devices which are fabricated from organic compounds. The vertical stacked structure is formed on a glass base having a transparent coating of ITO or similar metal to provide a substrate. Deposited on the substrate is the vertical stacked arrangement of three double heterostructure devices, each fabricated from a suitable organic material. Stacking is implemented such that the double heterostructure with the longest wavelength is on the top of the stack. This constitutes the device emitting red light on the top with the device having the shortest wavelength, namely, the device emitting blue light, on the bottom of the stack. Located between the red and blue device structures is the green device structure. The devices are configured as stacked to provide a staircase profile whereby each device is separated from the other by a thin transparent conductive contact layer to enable light emanating from each of the devices to pass through the semitransparent contacts and through the lower device structures while further enabling each of the devices to receive a selective bias. The devices are substantially transparent when de-energized, making them useful for heads-up display applications.

Abstract translation: 多色有机发光器件采用由有机化合物制成的双异质结构器件的垂直层叠层。 垂直堆叠结构形成在具有ITO或类似金属的透明涂层的玻璃基底上以提供基底。 沉积在衬底上的是三个双异质结构器件的垂直堆叠布置，每个由异质结构器件制成，每个由合适的有机材料制成。 实施堆叠，使得具有最长波长的双异质结构位于堆叠的顶部。 这构成在顶部发射红光的装置，其中装置具有最短波长，即发射蓝光的装置，在堆叠的底部。 位于红色和蓝色的设备结构之间是绿色设备结构。 这些器件被配置为堆叠以提供阶梯轮廓，由此每个器件通过薄的透明导电接触层与另一个分离，以使来自每个器件的光能够透过半透明触点并通过下部器件结构，同时进一步启用 每个设备接收选择性偏差。 当断电时，这些器件基本上是透明的，使得它们对于平视显示器应用是有用的。

公开(公告)号：US08222072B2

公开(公告)日：2012-07-17

申请号：US10387925

申请日：2003-03-13

Applicant: Changsoon Kim ,  Stephen R. Forrest

Inventor： Changsoon Kim ,  Stephen R. Forrest

IPC: H01L51/40

CPC classification number: H01L51/0022 ,  B33Y10/00 ,  H01L51/0004 ,  H01L51/0516 ,  H01L51/0545

Abstract: Methods of transferring a metal and/or organic layer from a patterned stamp, preferably a soft, elastomeric stamp, to a substrate are provided. The patterned metal or organic layer may be used for example, in a wide range of electronic devices. The present methods are particularly suitable for nanoscale patterning of organic electronic components.

Abstract translation: 提供了将金属和/或有机层从图案化的印模，优选软的弹性体印模转移到基底的方法。 图案化的金属或有机层可以用于例如广泛的电子器件中。 本发明的方法特别适用于有机电子元件的纳米尺度图案化。

公开(公告)号：US20120177560A1

公开(公告)日：2012-07-12

申请号：US13153382

申请日：2011-06-03

Applicant: Stephen R. Forrest ,  Jeramy D. Zimmerman

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Jeramy D. Zimmerman

IPC: D01F9/12 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  B82Y30/00

CPC classification number: C01B31/0266 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C01B32/172

Abstract: A method of processing bundles of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Bundles of CNTs are put into a solution and unbundled using sonication and one or more surfactants that break apart and disperse at least some of the bundles into the solution such that it contains individual semiconducting CNTs, individual metallic CNTs, and remaining CNT bundles. The individual CNTs are separated from each other using agarose bead column separation using sodium dodecyl sulfate as a surfactant. Remaining CNT bundles are then separated out by performing density-gradient ultracentrifugation.

Abstract translation: 一种处理碳纳米管束（CNT）的方法。 使用超声处理和一种或多种表面活性剂将CNT的束放入溶液中，并将至少一些束分散并分散到溶液中，使得其包含单独的半导体CNT，单独的金属CNT和剩余的CNT束。 使用十二烷基硫酸钠作为表面活性剂，使用琼脂糖珠柱分离将各个CNT彼此分离。 然后通过进行密度梯度超速离心将剩余的CNT束分离出来。