Abstract:
A phase optimization apparatus and method to obtain a maximum extinction ratio by feeding back a portion of an optical signal output from a Mach-Zehnder interferometer wavelength converter using XPM of a semiconductor optical amplifier to maintain an optimum phase difference between two arms. The phase optimization apparatus includes a first arm having a first semiconductor optical amplifier that amplifies a pump signal and a probe signal, a second arm having a second semiconductor optical amplifier that amplifies the probe signal, and a π phase shifter that controls the phase of the amplified signal, an optical band-pass filter that filters optical signals to output only the modulated probe signal; and a phase control unit that receives feedback to output to the π phase shifter of the second arm a phase control signal, which controls a phase difference between the first and second arms.
Abstract:
An advertisement method and a system of a map using a virtual POI are disclosed. An advertisement system of a map using a virtual POI according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises a map database including map data; a membership database including advertisement display configuration information; a virtual POI database where stored are information about virtual advertisement POI and advertisement location which is the location of the virtual advertisement POI; and a virtual world generation module, generating an image map based on the map data and searching the image map for a virtual advertisement POI associated with a location which can be displayed on the image map and corresponding to the advertisement display configuration information; and displaying the virtual advertisement POI on the advertisement location of the image map.
Abstract:
Disclosed are aromatic enediyne derivatives, methods of manufacturing organic semiconductor thin films from such aromatic enediyne derivatives, and methods of fabricating electronic devices incorporating such organic semiconductor thin films. Aromatic enediyne derivatives according to example embodiments provide improved chemical and/or electrical stability which may improve the reliability of the resulting semiconductor devices. Aromatic enediyne derivatives according to example embodiments may also be suitable for deposition on various substrates via solution-based processes, for example, spin coating, at temperatures at or near room temperature to form a coating film that is then heated to form an organic semiconductor thin film. The availability of this reduced temperature processing allows the use of the aromatic enediynes derivatives on large substrate surfaces and/or on substrates not suitable for higher temperature processing. Accordingly, the organic semiconductor thin films according to example embodiments may be incorporated in thin film transistors, electroluminescent devices, solar cells, and memory devices.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display. The relation of ε (permittivity)·ρ (resistivity) between a liquid crystal layer, an aligning layer or an overcoat for preventing poor images is established. An LCD according to the present invention includes a first panel including a plurality of devices thereon and an aligning layer formed on the entire surface thereof, a second panel opposite to the first panel and including an overcoat and an aligning layer sequentially formed on the entire surface thereof, and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first panel and the second panel. It is preferable that the aligning layer, the liquid crystal layer and the overcoat satisfy the relation ρɛ lc + al ρɛ oc ≻ 10 2 . An LCD according to another embodiment includes a first panel including a plurality of devices thereon and an aligning layer formed on the entire surface thereof, a second panel opposite to the first panel and including an overcoat and an aligning layer sequentially formed on the entire surface thereof, and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first panel and the second panel. It is preferable that the liquid crystal and the overcoat satisfy the relation RC lc RC oc ≻ 10 3 .
Abstract:
Disclosed herein is a composite-structured organic semiconductor polymer for an organic thin film transistor which contains quinoxaline rings in the backbone of the polymer. According to the organic semiconductor polymer, since quinoxaline rings having n-type semiconductor characteristics, such as high electron affinity, are incorporated into a polythiophene having p-type semiconductor characteristics, the organic semiconductor polymer simultaneously exhibits both p-type and n-type semiconductor characteristics. In addition, the polythienylquinoxaline derivative exhibits high solubility in organic solvents, co-planarity and stability in air. Furthermore, when the polythienylquinoxaline derivative is used as an active layer of an organic thin film transistor, the organic thin film transistor exhibits a high charge carrier mobility and a low off-state leakage current.
Abstract:
Disclosed relates to a wavelength division multiplexing-passive optical network (WDM-PON) system that can lock wavelengths of upstream light signals output from a plurality of optical network units (ONUs) by using coherent multi-wavelength light sources and reduce mode partition noises caused when using the coherent multi-wavelength light sources. The WDM-PON system comprises a central office (CO) including a first coherent multi-wavelength light source for generating a first light signal, on which downstream data are carried, and a second coherent multi-wavelength light source for producing a second light signal, having free spectral range (FSR) intervals with the first light signal, for locking wavelengths of upstream light signals of a plurality of optical network units (ONUs); a remote node (RN), connected with the CO through a single optic fiber cable, including a wavelength-multiplexing/demultiplexing device, having a periodic pass characteristic for demultiplexing the first and second light signals received from the CO to transmit the demultiplexed signals to the respective optical network units, and for receiving the upstream light signals from the respective ONUs to multiplex the received upstream light signals to the CO; and a plurality of optical network units (ONUs), connected to the RN through each of optic fiber cables, including a light receiving means for receiving the first and second light signals, and a third coherent multi-wavelength light source, by which the wavelengths of the upstream light signals are locked to wavelengths of the second light signals.
Abstract:
Disclosed is an apparatus for controlling an actuator that controls opening and closing of an intake valve. The apparatus includes an input shaft connected to a motor and an output shaft rotatable in conjunction with the input shaft, a magnet unit including a first magnet and a second magnet provided on concentric circles, the first magnet provided such that different poles are alternately arranged at an angle of 90° and the second magnet provided such that different poles are alternately arranged at a predetermined angle, and a control unit, wherein a change in polarities of the first and second magnets are sensed.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a local hydrophilic gas diffusion layer configured to enhance the water removal performance of a fuel cell For this purpose, the present invention provides a gas diffusion layer in which a region under each of a pair of lands, which receives a clamping pressure of the fuel cell stack, is subjected to local hydrophilic treatment by a simple process, thereby enhancing the water removal performance of the fuel cell stack. In particular, the local hydrophilic gas diffusion layer has a first region under each land of the separator which receives the clamping pressure; and a second region under the gas channel of the separator, wherein the first region is subjected to hydrophilic treatment.
Abstract:
An optical logic element includes a first interferometer modulating a continuous optical signal in response to first and second optical signals to output a first modulation signal, and a second interferometer modulating the continuous optical signal in response to a sum signal equal to the sum of the first and second optical signals to output a second modulation signal. The first and second modulation signals and the sum signal are respectively the results of predetermined logic operations performed on the first and second optical signals.
Abstract:
Example embodiments of the present invention for fabricating an organic thin film transistor including a substrate, a gate electrode, a gate insulating layer, metal oxide source/drain electrodes and an organic semiconductor layer wherein the metal oxide source/drain electrodes are surface-treated with a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) forming compound containing a sulfonic acid group. According to example embodiments of the present invention, the surface of the source/drain electrodes may be modified to be more hydrophobic and/or the work function of a metal oxide constituting the source/drain electrodes may be increased to above that of an organic semiconductor material constituting the organic semiconductor layer. Organic thin film transistors fabricated according to one or more example embodiments of the present invention may exhibit higher charge carrier mobility. Also disclosed are various example devices including display devices having organic thin film transistors made by example embodiments of the present invention.