公开(公告)号：US09568772B2

公开(公告)日：2017-02-14

申请号：US14684758

申请日：2015-04-13

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Xinyu Zhu ,  Jun Qi ,  Meizi Jiao ,  Nicholas G. Roland ,  Victor H. Yin ,  Wei Chen ,  Ming Xu ,  Cheng Chen ,  Zhibing Ge

IPC: G02F1/13363 ,  G02F1/1335 ,  F21V8/00

CPC classification number: G02F1/13363 ,  G02B6/0053 ,  G02B6/0073 ,  G02F1/133504 ,  G02F1/133536 ,  G02F2001/133638 ,  G02F2413/01

Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with a display mounted in a housing. The display may include a liquid crystal display module and a reflective polarizer having an in-plane optical axis. The display may also include a backlight unit that includes a light source, a light guide element, and a reflector film coupled to a backside of the light guide element. The display may also include a light retardation layer such as a quarter wave film. The quarter wave film may be arranged between the reflective polarizer and the reflector film of the backlight unit. Partially polarized light that is output from a front side of the light guide element may have a first component parallel to the in-plane optical axis and a second component perpendicular to the in-plane optical axis of the reflective polarizer. The second component may be reflected from the reflective polarizer.

Abstract translation: 电子设备可以设置有安装在壳体中的显示器。 显示器可以包括液晶显示模块和具有面内光轴的反射偏振器。 显示器还可以包括背光单元，其包括光源，导光元件和耦合到导光元件的背面的反射膜。 显示器还可以包括诸如四分之一波片的光延迟层。 四分之一波片可以布置在反射偏振器和背光单元的反射膜之间。 从导光元件的前侧输出的部分偏振光可以具有平行于面内光轴的第一分量和垂直于反射型偏振器的平面内光轴的第二分量。 第二组分可以从反射偏振器反射。

公开(公告)号：US20160370231A1

公开(公告)日：2016-12-22

申请号：US14862026

申请日：2015-09-22

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Farnaz Agahian ,  Jiaying Wu ,  Zhang Jia ,  Cheng Chen

IPC: G01J3/50 ,  G09G3/20 ,  G01J3/46

CPC classification number: G09G3/2003 ,  G01J1/4204 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01J3/505 ,  G01J2003/467 ,  G09G2320/0233 ,  G09G2320/0242 ,  G09G2320/0693 ,  G09G2340/06 ,  G09G2360/144

Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with a display mounted in a housing. A color sensing ambient light sensor may measure the color of ambient light. The color sensing ambient light sensor may produce sensor output signals in a device-dependent color space. Control circuitry in the electronic device may convert the sensor output signals from the device-dependent color space to a device-independent color space using a color converting matrix. The color converting matrix may be determined using stored training data. The training data may include color data for different training light sources. The training data may be weighted to selectively control the influence of the training data on the color converting matrix. The training data may be weighted based on a distance between the training color data and a target color in the detected ambient light.

Abstract translation: 电子设备可以设置有安装在壳体中的显示器。 颜色感测环境光传感器可以测量环境光的颜色。 颜色感测环境光传感器可以在依赖于设备的色彩空间中产生传感器输出信号。 电子设备中的控制电路可以使用颜色转换矩阵将来自设备相关颜色空间的传感器输出信号转换为与设备无关的颜色空间。 可以使用存储的训练数据来确定颜色转换矩阵。 训练数据可以包括用于不同训练光源的颜色数据。 训练数据可以被加权以选择性地控制训练数据对颜色转换矩阵的影响。 可以基于检测到的环境光中的训练颜色数据和目标颜色之间的距离来加权训练数据。

公开(公告)号：US20160322427A1

公开(公告)日：2016-11-03

申请号：US14862006

申请日：2015-09-22

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Kwang Ohk Cheon ,  Rui Liu ,  Cheng Chen

IPC: H01L27/32 ,  H01L51/50 ,  H01L51/00 ,  H01L51/52

CPC classification number: H01L27/322 ,  H01L27/3211 ,  H01L51/5253 ,  H01L51/5262 ,  H01L51/5265

Abstract: A display may have an array of pixels formed from organic light-emitting diodes of different colors. Each organic light-emitting diode may have an anode, a cathode, and an emissive layer between the anode and cathode. To prevent undesired color shifts with off-axis viewing angles, evaporated color filters may be formed on the cathode in alignment with the light-emitting diodes. The color filters may include red color filters that overlap the red diodes but not the green and blue diodes, may include red, blue, and green filters that overlap respective red, green, and blue diodes, or may include an orange filter that overlaps red and green diodes and a blue filter that overlaps blue diodes. The color filters may serve as a capping layer for the diodes or a capping layer that is separate from the color filters can be incorporated into the display.

Abstract translation: 显示器可以具有由不同颜色的有机发光二极管形成的像素阵列。 每个有机发光二极管可以在阳极和阴极之间具有阳极，阴极和发射层。 为了防止具有离轴视角的不期望的颜色偏移，可以在阴极上形成与发光二极管对准的蒸发的滤色器。 滤色器可以包括与红色二极管重叠而不是绿色和蓝色二极管的红色滤色器，可以包括与相应红色，绿色和蓝色二极管重叠的红色，蓝色和绿色滤光片，或者可以包括与红色重叠的橙色滤光片 绿色二极管和与蓝色二极管重叠的蓝色滤光片。 滤色器可以用作二极管的封盖层，或者与滤色器分离的封盖层可以并入显示器中。

公开(公告)号：US20160293085A1

公开(公告)日：2016-10-06

申请号：US14848769

申请日：2015-09-09

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Adria Fores Herranz ,  Cheng Chen ,  Jiaying Wu ,  Nicholas G. Roland

IPC: G09G3/20 ,  G09G3/36

CPC classification number: G09G3/2003 ,  G09G3/2092 ,  G09G3/3607 ,  G09G3/3648 ,  G09G5/003 ,  G09G5/02 ,  G09G2320/0242 ,  G09G2320/0252 ,  G09G2320/0261 ,  G09G2340/16

Abstract: An electronic device may generate content that is to be displayed on a display. The display may have an array of pixels each of which includes subpixels of different colors. The content that is to be displayed on the display may include an object such as a black object that is moved across a background. Due to differences in subpixel values in the background for subpixels of different colors, there is a potential for color motion blur to develop along a trailing edge portion of the object as the object is moved across the background. The electronic device may have a blur abatement image processor that processes the content to reduce color motion blur. The blur abatement image processor may identify which pixels are located in the trailing edge and may adjust subpixel values for pixels in the trailing edge.

Abstract translation: 电子设备可以产生要显示在显示器上的内容。 显示器可以具有像素阵列，每个像素包括不同颜色的子像素。 要显示在显示器上的内容可以包括诸如黑色物体之类的物体，该物体在背景上移动。 由于不同颜色的子像素的背景中的子像素值的差异，当物体在背景上移动时，存在沿对象的后缘部分发展颜色运动模糊的可能性。 电子设备可以具有处理内容以减少颜色运动模糊的模糊消除图像处理器。 模糊消除图像处理器可以识别哪些像素位于后沿，并且可以调整后沿中的像素的子像素值。

公开(公告)号：US09366899B2

公开(公告)日：2016-06-14

申请号：US14692659

申请日：2015-04-21

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Ming Xu ,  Shawn R. Gettemy ,  Young Cheol Yang ,  Zhibing Ge ,  Cheng Chen

IPC: G02F1/1335 ,  G02F1/1333 ,  G02F1/1362 ,  G02B5/20 ,  G02F1/1368

CPC classification number: G02F1/133514 ,  G02B5/201 ,  G02F1/133509 ,  G02F1/133512 ,  G02F1/133526 ,  G02F1/136209 ,  G02F1/1368 ,  G02F2001/133357 ,  G02F2001/133521 ,  G02F2001/136222

Abstract: An electronic device may have a liquid crystal display having a backlight and color mixing prevention structures. The color mixing prevention structures may, in part, be formed from one or more arrays of color filter elements. The liquid crystal display may include first and second transparent substrate layers on opposing sides of a liquid crystal layer. The display may include a first array of color filter elements on the first transparent substrate layer and a second array of color filter elements on the second transparent substrate layer. One or more of the arrays of color filter elements may include a black matrix formed over portions of the color filter elements. The color filter elements may fill or partially fill openings in the black matrix. The display may include a collimating layer on the second transparent substrate layer. The color filter elements may include cholesteric color filter elements.

公开(公告)号：US20160140889A1

公开(公告)日：2016-05-19

申请号：US14673685

申请日：2015-03-30

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Jiaying Wu ,  Lu Zhang ,  Cheng Chen ,  Gabriel Marcu ,  Chaohao Wang ,  Ming Xu ,  Ricardo Motta ,  Wei Chen ,  John Z. Zhong

IPC: G09G3/20

CPC classification number: G09G3/2003 ,  G09G3/3413 ,  G09G5/02 ,  G09G2320/0242 ,  G09G2320/0261 ,  G09G2320/0666 ,  G09G2360/144 ,  G09G2360/145

Abstract: An electronic device may include a display having an array of display pixels and having display control circuitry that controls the operation of the display. The display control circuitry may adaptively adjust the display output based on ambient lighting conditions. For example, in cooler ambient lighting conditions such as those dominated by daylight, the display may display neutral colors using a relatively cool white. When the display is operated in warmer ambient lighting conditions such as those dominated by indoor light sources, the display may display neutral colors using a relatively warm white. Adapting to the ambient lighting conditions may ensure that the user does not perceive color shifts on the display as the user's vision chromatically adapts to different ambient lighting conditions. Adaptively adjusting images in this way can also have beneficial effects on the human circadian rhythm by displaying warmer colors in the evening.

Abstract translation: 电子设备可以包括具有显示像素阵列并具有控制显示器的操作的显示控制电路的显示器。 显示控制电路可以基于环境照明条件自适应地调整显示输出。 例如，在较冷的环境照明条件下，例如由日光控制的环境照明条件下，显示器可以使用相当冷的白色显示中性色。 当显示器在诸如由室内光源所主导的那些的温暖的环境照明条件下操作时，显示器可以使用相对温暖的白色显示中性色。 适应环境照明条件可以确保用户在视觉色彩适应不同的环境照明条件时不会察觉显示器上的色彩偏移。 以这种方式自适应调整图像也可以通过在晚上显示温暖的颜色对人类昼夜节律有益。

公开(公告)号：US09201276B2

公开(公告)日：2015-12-01

申请号：US13654256

申请日：2012-10-17

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Young Cheol Yang ,  Young Bae Park ,  Cheng Chen ,  John Z. Zhong

IPC: G02F1/1343 ,  G02F1/1333 ,  G02F1/1335 ,  H01L27/12 ,  G02F1/1362

CPC classification number: G02F1/134363 ,  G02F1/133345 ,  G02F1/133512 ,  G02F1/133514 ,  G02F1/136227 ,  G02F2001/134372 ,  G02F2001/136222 ,  H01L27/1225

Abstract: An active matrix liquid crystal display having an array of pixels is provided. The display includes a thin film transistor (TFT) for each pixel. The TFT has a gate electrode, a source electrode overlapping with a first area of the gate electrode, and a drain electrode overlapping with a second area with the gate electrode. The display also includes a color filter layer disposed over the TFT. The color filter layer has a first via hole to expose a portion of the drain electrode. The display further includes a metal layer disposed over the color filter layer and covering the gate electrode. The metal layer is configured to connect to the drain electrode through the first via hole. The display also includes an organic insulator layer disposed over the metal layer. The organic insulator layer has a second via hole to expose a first portion of the metal layer and a third via hole to expose a second portion of the metal layer.

Abstract translation: 提供具有像素阵列的有源矩阵液晶显示器。 显示器包括用于每个像素的薄膜晶体管（TFT）。 TFT具有栅电极，与栅电极的第一区重叠的源电极和与栅电极重叠的第二区的漏电极。 显示器还包括设置在TFT上的滤色器层。 滤色器层具有第一通孔，以露出漏电极的一部分。 显示器还包括设置在滤色器层上并覆盖栅电极的金属层。 金属层被配置为通过第一通孔连接到漏电极。 显示器还包括设置在金属层上的有机绝缘体层。 有机绝缘体层具有第二通孔以暴露金属层的第一部分和第三通孔，以露出金属层的第二部分。

公开(公告)号：US09081230B2

公开(公告)日：2015-07-14

申请号：US13887904

申请日：2013-05-06

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Yi Huang ,  Pongpinit Towashiraporn ,  Erik A. Zweigle ,  Mingxia Gu ,  Wei Chen ,  Cheng Chen ,  Young Cheol Yang ,  Isaac V. Kauvar

IPC: G02F1/1333 ,  G02F1/13363 ,  G02F1/1335 ,  G02F1/01

CPC classification number: G02F1/13363 ,  G02F1/0131 ,  G02F1/1333 ,  G02F1/133305 ,  G02F1/133528 ,  G02F1/133634 ,  G02F2202/40

Abstract: A display is provided that has upper and lower polarizers, a color filter layer, a liquid crystal layer, and a thin-film transistor layer. The color filter layer and thin-film transistor layer may be formed from materials such as glass that are subject to stress-induced birefringence. To reduce light leakage that reduces display performance, one or more birefringence compensation layers may be incorporated into the display to help compensate for any birefringence effects. The compensation layers may include a birefringence compensation layer attached to the color filter layer or the thin-film transistor layer. A display may include an upper compensation layer attached to the color filter layer and a lower compensation layer attached to the thin-film transistor layer. The compensation layer may be formed from glass or polymer materials that have a negative photo-elastic constant.

Abstract translation: 提供具有上下偏振器，滤色器层，液晶层和薄膜晶体管层的显示器。 滤色器层和薄膜晶体管层可以由诸如经受应力引起的双折射的玻璃的材料形成。 为了减少降低显示性能的漏光，可以在显示器中并入一个或多个双折射补偿层，以帮助补偿任何双折射效应。 补偿层可以包括附着到滤色器层或薄膜晶体管层的双折射补偿层。 显示器可以包括附接到滤色器层的上补偿层和附接到薄膜晶体管层的下补偿层。 补偿层可以由具有负光弹性常数的玻璃或聚合物材料形成。

公开(公告)号：US09025100B2

公开(公告)日：2015-05-05

申请号：US13690304

申请日：2012-11-30

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Enkhamgalan Dorjgotov ,  Masato Kuwabara ,  Cheng Chen ,  Wei Chen ,  John Z. Zhong

IPC: G02F1/1333 ,  H05B33/22 ,  G02F1/1335

CPC classification number: H05B33/22 ,  G02F1/133502 ,  G02F2202/22

Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with a display such as a liquid crystal display. The liquid crystal display may have a color filter layer, a thin-film-transistor layer, and a layer of liquid crystal material between the color filter layer and the thin-film-transistor layer. A lower polarizer may be formed under the thin-film-transistor layer. An upper polarizer may be formed on the color filter layer. A shielding antireflection layer may be formed on the upper polarizer. The shielding antireflection layer may serve both as a shielding layer that protects against display damage due to electrostatic charge and as an antireflection coating that helps to minimize reflections from the surface of the display. The shielding antireflection layer may include low and high index of refraction layers and a conductive layer such as a transparent conductive oxide layer that provides shielding.

Abstract translation: 电子设备可以设置有诸如液晶显示器的显示器。 液晶显示器可以在滤色器层和薄膜晶体管层之间具有滤色器层，薄膜晶体管层和液晶材料层。 可以在薄膜 - 晶体管层下面形成下偏振器。 可以在滤色器层上形成上偏振器。 屏蔽抗反射层可以形成在上偏振器上。 屏蔽抗反射层可以用作防止由于静电荷引起的显示损坏的屏蔽层和用作有助于最小化从显示器表面的反射的抗反射涂层。 屏蔽抗反射层可以包括低和高的折射率折射率层和导电层，例如提供屏蔽的透明导电氧化物层。

公开(公告)号：US20150116639A1

公开(公告)日：2015-04-30

申请号：US14444765

申请日：2014-07-28

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Cheng Chen ,  Bryan W. Posner ,  Dinesh C. Mathew ,  Jun Qi ,  Victor H. Yin ,  Shih Chang Chang

IPC: G02F1/1335

CPC classification number: G02F1/133512 ,  G02F1/133528 ,  G02F2001/133388

Abstract: A display may have an active area surrounded by an inactive border area. The inactive border area may be provided with an opaque masking material. The display may be a liquid crystal display having a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between a color filter layer and a thin-film transistor layer. Upper and lower polarizers may be provided above and below the color filter and thin-film transistor layers. The upper polarizer may have a polarized central region that overlaps the active area of the display. The upper polarizer may also have an unpolarized portion in the inactive border area overlapping the opaque masking material. The opaque masking material may alternatively be formed on the underside of a clear polymer substrate that is attached to the display above the upper polarizer or may be incorporated within the layers that make up the upper polarizer.

Abstract translation: 显示器可以具有被非活动边界区域包围的活动区域。 非活动边界区域可以设置有不透明掩模材料。 显示器可以是具有夹在滤色器层和薄膜晶体管层之间的液晶层的液晶显示器。 上下偏振器可以设置在滤色器和薄膜晶体管层的上方和下方。 上偏振器可以具有与显示器的有效区域重叠的偏振中心区域。 上偏振器还可以在非活性边界区域中具有与不透明掩模材料重叠的非偏振部分。 可选地，不透明掩模材料可以形成在透明聚合物基底的下侧上，该透明聚合物基底附着到上偏振器上方的显示器，或者可以结合在构成上偏振器的层内。