公开(公告)号：US3969932A

公开(公告)日：1976-07-20

申请号：US604320

申请日：1975-08-13

申请人： Franz Rieger ,  Ernst Linder ,  Peter Jurgen Schmidt

发明人： Franz Rieger ,  Ernst Linder ,  Peter Jurgen Schmidt

IPC分类号： F02D41/34 ,  F01N3/00 ,  F01N11/00 ,  F02B77/08 ,  F02D41/14 ,  G01M15/00

CPC分类号： F01N11/007 ,  F02B77/086 ,  F02D41/1441 ,  F02D41/1474 ,  F01N2430/06 ,  F01N2550/02 ,  Y02T10/47

摘要： The inlet and outlet ends of a catalytic reactor are instrumented with oxygen sensors. A change of the fuel-air concentration of the combustible mixture is indicated by a jump in the output voltage of the sensors; the voltage of the inlet sensor changes before that of the outlet sensor and the greater the time difference between these changes, the higher is the catalytic activity of the reactor. When a repeatable and constant engine condition is reached, the fuel-air mixture is abruptly changed and an electronic circuit enables a logical circuit which controls a signal lamp. If, during a predetermined time interval, the outlet sensor also changes its output voltage, indicating a time difference which is too short, the warning signal is energized and the operator is alerted to the insufficient level of reactor activity.

摘要翻译： 催化反应器的入口端和出口端装有氧传感器。 可燃混合物的燃料 - 空气浓度的变化由传感器的输出电压的跳跃表示; 入口传感器的电压在出口传感器的电压变化之前，这些变化之间的时间差越大，反应器的催化活性越高。 当达到可重复且恒定的发动机状态时，燃料 - 空气混合物突然改变，并且电子电路使能控制信号灯的逻辑电路。 如果在预定的时间间隔期间，出口传感器也改变其输出电压，指示太短的时间差，则警告信号被激励，并且操作员被警告到反应堆活动的水平不足。

公开(公告)号：US4967708A

公开(公告)日：1990-11-06

申请号：US236710

申请日：1988-08-26

申请人： Ernst Linder ,  Franz Rieger ,  Gernot Wuerfel

发明人： Ernst Linder ,  Franz Rieger ,  Gernot Wuerfel

IPC分类号： F02B1/04 ,  F02M57/06 ,  F02M61/08 ,  F02P13/00

CPC分类号： F02P13/00 ,  F02M57/06 ,  F02M61/08 ,  F02B1/04

摘要： In lean operation of internal combustion engines having externally supplied ignition, improvement in terms of fuel consumption and emissions are obtained if the fuel is injected directly into the combustion chamber. Because the gas exchange guide cross sections are large, the space available for installing the injection valve and spark plug is very limited, and disruptions in the course of combustion occur when the injection valve and ignition device are too far apart. By developing a fuel injection valve that has wire electrodes on the injection end to serve as an ignition device, the spark gap arcing over in the vicinity of the fuel introduced by the injection valve, optimal ignition conditions are attained even for poorly ignited fuels or when the proportion of fuel in the combustion chamber charge is extremely low (stratified charge operation).

摘要翻译： 在具有外部点燃的内燃机的精馏操作中，如果将燃料直接喷入燃烧室，则获得燃料消耗和排放方面的改善。 由于气体交换引导截面积大，所以可用于安装喷射阀和火花塞的空间非常有限，并且当喷射阀和点火装置相距太远时，在燃烧过程中发生中断。 通过在注射端开发具有线电极的燃料喷射阀作为点火装置，在由喷射阀引入的燃料附近飞出的火花隙，即使对于燃点不良或燃烧时也达到最佳点火条件 燃烧室中的燃料比例极低（分层充电）。

公开(公告)号：US4418672A

公开(公告)日：1983-12-06

申请号：US241332

申请日：1981-03-06

申请人： Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger ,  Ernst Linder

发明人： Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger ,  Ernst Linder

IPC分类号： F02D41/02 ,  F01N13/00 ,  F02D33/00 ,  F02D41/00 ,  F02M27/08 ,  F02M69/04 ,  F02M71/00 ,  F01N3/15

CPC分类号： F02D41/00 ,  F01N13/008 ,  F02M69/041 ,  F02M71/00

摘要： A fuel supply system for mixture-compressing internal combustion engine with externally-supplied ignition is proposed, which serves to form the most optimal possible fuel-air mixture. The fuel supply system includes a primary mixture formation unit disposed in the intake manifold and at least one ultrasonic atomizer nozzle in the intake manifold, for the purpose of correcting the fuel-air mixture by means of supplementary fuel, downstream of the primary mixture unit or in each individual intake tube. The ultrasonic atomizer nozzles are triggered, with the interposition of an electronic control device, in accordance with operating characteristics of the engine, as well as the exhaust composition, and they permit the supply of finely prepared supplementary fuel for the purpose of regulating the fuel-air mixture to a predetermined .lambda. value; of compensating for non-uniform distribution, and of enrichment of the mixture in the case of warm-up, full load and acceleration, as well as of idling regulation.

摘要翻译： 提出了一种用于混合压缩具有外部点火的内燃机的燃料供应系统，其用于形成最佳的可能的燃料 - 空气混合物。 燃料供应系统包括设置在进气歧管中的主混合物形成单元和进气歧管中的至少一个超声雾化喷嘴，用于通过补充燃料来校正燃料 - 空气混合物，在主混合单元的下游或 在每个单独的进气管中。 根据发动机的操作特性以及排气组合物，触发超声波雾化器喷嘴，并插入电子控制装置，并且它们允许供应精细制备的补充燃料用于调节燃料 - 空气混合物至预定的λ值; 补偿不均匀分布，以及在预热，满载和加速的情况下混合物的浓缩以及空转调节。

公开(公告)号：US4404841A

公开(公告)日：1983-09-20

申请号：US344518

申请日：1982-02-01

申请人： Horst Franke ,  Ernst Linder ,  Winfried Moser ,  Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger

发明人： Horst Franke ,  Ernst Linder ,  Winfried Moser ,  Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger

IPC分类号： G01L23/06 ,  G01H9/00 ,  G01L23/22 ,  G01M15/04

CPC分类号： G01L23/22

摘要： To determine proper operation of a combustion sensor, and to normalize the output signals derived from a pick-up having a window exposed to the combustion chamber (10) by compensating for soiling, contamination, and loss of transmissivity of the window due to combustion residue, soot, or the like, a reference light source is provided introducing reference light of a predetermined level to the pick-up, for example when no light is generated due to combustoin events. In an internal combustion (IC) engine, the reference light can be energized during stopped condition of the engine, or during portions of the stroke of the engine when no combustion event takes place. Output signals from the pick-up are applied to a variable amplification factor amplifier, the amplification factor of which is first calibrated with a clean light source, and then continuously recalibrated or normalized with respect to its original calibration by changing the amplification factor in accordance with electrical signals derived from sensing of the reference light, so that the actual sensing light will be normalized with respect to the reference. The calibration, itself, can be variable and account for external factors, such as aging or decrease of light output of the light source. The reference light can be introduced by an externally operated incandescent filament or by shining light into a portion of a tubular housing, for example through a glass light guide, and reflecting the reference light into the sensing window which also senses light due to combustion.

摘要翻译： 为了确定燃烧传感器的正确操作，并且通过补偿由燃烧残余物引起的窗口的污染，污染和透射率的损失，使从具有暴露于燃烧室（10）的窗口的拾取器得到的输出信号归一化 烟炱等，例如当由于燃烧事件没有产生光时，向拾取器引入预定水平的参考光的参考光源。 在内燃（IC）发动机中，在不发生燃烧事件的情况下，在发动机的停止状态或发动机的行程的部分期间，可以对参考光进行通电。 来自拾取器的输出信号被应用于可变放大因子放大器，其放大因子首先用干净的光源校准，然后通过根据其原始校准改变放大系数而连续重新校准或归一化 从参考光的感测得到的电信号，使得实际感测光将相对于参考标准化。 校准本身可以是变量的，并且可以解释诸如光源的光输出的老化或减少的外部因素。 参考光可以由外部操作的白炽灯丝引入，或者通过将光照射到管状外壳的一部分中，例如通过玻璃光导，并将参考光反射到还感测由于燃烧引起的光的感测窗中。

公开(公告)号：US4499867A

公开(公告)日：1985-02-19

申请号：US610109

申请日：1984-05-14

申请人： Ernst Linder ,  Winfried Moser ,  Franz Rieger

发明人： Ernst Linder ,  Winfried Moser ,  Franz Rieger

IPC分类号： F02P19/02 ,  F02D19/02

CPC分类号： F02P17/02 ,  F02D35/028 ,  F02P19/021

摘要： The invention is directed to an arrangement for controlling an internal combustion engine equipped with glow plugs. The arrangement includes a heat-control circuit for controlling the temperature of the glow plug and an ancillary control circuit which can be a fuel control circuit for example. The ancillary control circuit takes over from the heat-control circuit for the purpose of controlling the ignition time point of the mixture when the temperature-control has reached its limit. A comparator is provided to monitor the heat-control circuit and to activate the ancillary control circuit if necessary.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于控制配备有电热塞的内燃机的装置。 该装置包括用于控制预热塞的温度的热控制电路和例如可以是燃料控制电路的辅助控制电路。 辅助控制电路从控制电路接管，以便在温度控制达到极限时控制混合物的点火时间点。 提供比较器来监视热控制电路，并在必要时激活辅助控制电路。

公开(公告)号：US4425788A

公开(公告)日：1984-01-17

申请号：US344407

申请日：1982-02-01

申请人： Horst Franke ,  Ernst Linder ,  Winfried Moser ,  Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger

发明人： Horst Franke ,  Ernst Linder ,  Winfried Moser ,  Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger

IPC分类号： G01M15/04 ,  F02B1/04 ,  G01H9/00 ,  G01L23/22 ,  G01M15/10 ,  H01T13/48

CPC分类号： H01T13/48 ,  G01L23/22 ,  G01M15/10 ,  F02B1/04

摘要： To permit individual evaluation of the combustion processes in the respective cylinders (1a-d) of an internal combustion (IC) engine (2), individual optical pick-ups (3a-d; 4a-d) are coupled to the respective cylinders, the output signals either in optical or electrical form are conducted to separate pick-ups for individual evaluation or, alternatively, the output signals are combined and then again separated out by a steering circuit. Individual evaluation can be accomplished by locating light guide fibers from the sensors in a predetermined position with respect to opto-electrical transducers; by forming scanning windows, for example by a rotating disk (19, 20) rotating n in synchronism with the engine and permitting passage of light from the respective fibers of the light guides to respective pick-ups; or by combining the light outputs from the respective sensors (4) either optically by intermixing light guide fibers in a common cable (6'), or electrically in an equivalent OR-circuit (FIG. 8: R.sub.L) with subsequent correlation of the output signal with a specific cylinder by a scanning disk (FIG. 6: 20) with suitably placed openings (22a-d) therein, or an electrical time-multiplex steering circuit (FIG. 8: 30) operating in synchronism with rotation of the engine.

摘要翻译： 为了对内燃（IC）发动机（2）的各汽缸（1a-d）中的燃烧过程进行单独评估，将各个光拾取器（3a-d; 4a-d）联接到相应气缸， 以光学或电气形式输出的信号被传送到用于单独评估的单独的拾取器，或者，输出信号被组合，然后由转向电路再次分离。 可以通过将来自传感器的光导纤维相对于光电换能器定位在预定位置来实现个体评估; 通过形成扫描窗口，例如通过与发动机同步旋转的旋转盘（19,20），并允许光从光导的各个光纤通过到相应的拾取器; 或者通过将光导纤维混合在公共电缆（6'）中，或者在等效的或电路（图8：RL）中电耦合来分别来自各个传感器（4）的光输出， 通过其中具有适当放置的开口（22a-d）的扫描盘（图6：20）或具有与发动机的旋转同步运行的电气时间复用转向电路（图8：30）的具有特定气缸的信号 。

公开(公告)号：US4282080A

公开(公告)日：1981-08-04

申请号：US121632

申请日：1980-02-14

申请人： Klaus Muller ,  Ernst Linder ,  Helmut Mauer ,  Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Franz Rieger ,  Heinz Geier

发明人： Klaus Muller ,  Ernst Linder ,  Helmut Mauer ,  Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Franz Rieger ,  Heinz Geier

IPC分类号： G01N27/41 ,  G01N27/406 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/409 ,  G01N27/413 ,  G01N27/416 ,  G01N27/48 ,  G01N27/58

CPC分类号： G01N27/4071 ,  G01N27/4067 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/48

摘要： To facilitate mass production and permit ready introduction of a substance which provides an oxygen partial pressure reference level, for example the oxygen in ambient air, an elongated plane flat plate-like solid electrolyte body is provided with electrodes thereon, and one of the electrodes is covered by a trough-like cover element to form the reference electrode, the space beneath the trough-like element and the electrode itself being available for the substance which may, but need not be, the oxygen of air, and may be a solid material providing a reference oxygen partial pressure level. The cover plate may, itself, be made of solid electrolyte material and may form a portion of another sensing element, so that a plurality of sensing elements can be superimposed in sandwich-like fashion. A heater element can be applied to a flat plate element of the assembly where desired. The sensors can operate in the potentiometric or polarographic mode.

摘要翻译： 为了促进批量生产并准许准备引入提供氧分压参考水平的物质，例如环境空气中的氧气，细长平面平板状固体电解质体在其上设置有电极，并且其中一个电极是 由槽状盖元件覆盖以形成参考电极，槽状元件下面的空间和电极本身可用于可以但不必须是空气氧的物质，并且可以是固体材料 提供参考氧分压水平。 盖板本身可以由固体电解质材料制成并且可以形成另一感测元件的一部分，使得多个感测元件可以以夹层状的方式重叠。 如果需要，加热器元件可以应用于组件的平板元件。 传感器可以以电位或极谱方式工作。

公开(公告)号：US4514656A

公开(公告)日：1985-04-30

申请号：US428003

申请日：1982-09-29

申请人： Eckart Damson ,  Reinhard Latsch ,  Ernst Linder ,  Franz Rieger ,  Rainer Schussler

发明人： Eckart Damson ,  Reinhard Latsch ,  Ernst Linder ,  Franz Rieger ,  Rainer Schussler

IPC分类号： G01L23/22 ,  H01T1/12 ,  H01T13/16 ,  H01T13/48

CPC分类号： G01L23/22

摘要： To permit adjustment of the combination sparkplug-optical sensor for heat transfer upon operation of the sensor-sparkplug combination as a sparkplug, in accordance with known sparkplug technology, the insulator of the sparkplug is formed with a central opening in which a material is included which is electrically conductive and providing for controlled heat transfer, for example a packing or a mixture of aluminum oxide with a conductive powder, such as graphite, aluminum, or copper; or, alternatively, sheet metal elements may be located therein providing controlled radial engagement around a central glass rod forming the optical sensor and the inner wall of the opening and the insulator (FIG. 2); or, alternatively, axially resilient elements, such as a bellows-like corrugated metal element (FIG. 3) or a stack of spring disks (FIG. 4) may be positioned in the opening, axially biased by screwing the connecting terminal (10) into a tapped opening of the insulator. Heat transfer or transmission control is effected by introducing between metallic components of the combination and the glass rod a heat conductive mass (2) which fills the space between the glass rod and the metallic components over a predetermined length, in accordance with desired heat transfer characteristics.

摘要翻译： 为了允许在根据已知的火花塞技术操作传感器火花塞组合的情况下调整用于热传递的组合火花塞 - 光学传感器，根据已知的火花塞技术，火花塞的绝缘体形成有中心开口，其中包括材料， 导电并提供受控的热传递，例如填料或氧化铝与导电粉末如石墨，铝或铜的混合物; 或者可选地，钣金元件可以位于其中，提供围绕形成光学传感器的中心玻璃棒和开口和绝缘体的内壁（图2）的可控径向接合; 或者可选地，轴向弹性元件，例如波纹管状波纹状金属元件（图3）或弹簧盘堆叠（图4）可以定位在开口中，通过旋拧连接端子（10）轴向偏置， 进入绝缘子的开口。 通过在组合的金属部件和玻璃棒之间引入根据期望的热传递特性而将玻璃棒和金属部件之间的空间填充预定长度的导热块（2）来进行热传递或变速器控制 。

公开(公告)号：US4489596A

公开(公告)日：1984-12-25

申请号：US478267

申请日：1983-03-24

申请人： Ernst Linder ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Klaus Muller

发明人： Ernst Linder ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Klaus Muller

IPC分类号： H01T13/18 ,  H01T13/20 ,  H01T13/40 ,  H01T13/46 ,  H01T13/52 ,  G01M15/00

CPC分类号： H01T13/20 ,  H01T13/18 ,  H01T13/40 ,  H01T13/465 ,  H01T13/52

摘要： An elongated plate element, for example of aluminum oxide, or a metal plate which is coated with an insulator such as aluminum oxide, is retained within a hollow spark plug insulator (15) by a sealing mass (38), for example a sinter compound, sintering together the plate element (37) and the insulator body (35). The plate element carries a strip or conductive track layer electrode (25) thereon, located, for example, on one major surface of the plate; at the ignition end, the plate may have a through-hole (52), plated through, so that the ignition electrode will have conductive portions at both sides of the plate, faced by ground electrode portions which likewise can be retained on plate-like carrier elements, and connected to the metal housing (11) of the spark plug via conductive tracks (60, 61) and a conductive sealing ring (17"). The plates can carry heaters (32) and operation sensors, such as gas composition sensor, temperature sensor, pressure sensor or the like, which may, for example, have one electrode connected to ground or chassis, and hence to the metal housing, and the other electrode carried along in strip form to the connecting end portion of the spark plug. The plate and layer-like construction of the insulating elements permits modular combination of required components having the desired operating and/or sensing characteristics, and are suitable for mass production assembly.

摘要翻译： 例如氧化铝的细长板元件或涂覆有诸如氧化铝的绝缘体的金属板通过密封块（38）保留在中空火花塞绝缘体（15）内，例如烧结体 ，将板元件（37）和绝缘体（35）烧结在一起。 板元件在其上承载条或导电轨道层电极（25），其位于例如板的一个主表面上; 在点火端，板可以具有通孔（52），电镀通孔，使得点火电极在板的两侧将具有导电部分，面对同样可以保持在板状的接地电极部分 并且经由导电轨道（60,61）和导电密封环（17“）连接到火花塞的金属壳体（11）。 板可以携带加热器（32）和操作传感器，例如气体成分传感器，温度传感器，压力传感器等，其可以例如具有连接到地面或底座的一个电极，并且因此连接到金属外壳，以及 另一个电极以带状形式携带到火花塞的连接端部。 绝缘元件的板状和层状结构允许具有所需操作和/或感测特性的所需部件的模块化组合，并且适用于批量生产组装。

公开(公告)号：US4200071A

公开(公告)日：1980-04-29

申请号：US860491

申请日：1977-12-14

申请人： Helmut Maurer ,  Ernst Linder ,  Gerhard Dillmann

发明人： Helmut Maurer ,  Ernst Linder ,  Gerhard Dillmann

IPC分类号： F02D41/14 ,  F01N3/22 ,  F01N13/02 ,  F02D35/00 ,  F02M23/04 ,  F02M25/06

CPC分类号： F01N3/222 ,  F01N13/0097 ,  F01N3/22 ,  F01N3/227 ,  F02D35/003 ,  F02D35/0038 ,  F02M23/04 ,  Y02T10/146

摘要： An internal combustion engine is equipped with an air line for admitting supplementary air to the induction manifold or the exhaust manifold in order to compensate for an intentional air deficiency, so as to make the mixture stoichiometric. The air line is throttled by a pneumatically activated throttle valve which is subject to at least two control pressures, one of these being the atmosphere or a constant pressure and the other being, for example, the induction tube vacuum. The termini of the two lines which admit these control pressures are so disposed in the valve as to be jointly openable and closable, in opposite phase, by an electromagnetically controlled valve-closing leaf-spring. The electromagnet is energized by a current of variable frequency, the frequency being dependent on the exhaust gas composition as monitored by an oxygen sensor.

摘要翻译： 内燃机配备有用于将辅助空气引入到感应歧管或排气歧管的空气管线，以补偿有意的空气不足，从而使混合物成为化学计量的。 空气管线被气动启动的节流阀节流，该节气门经受至少两个控制压力，其中一个是大气或恒定压力，另一个是例如感应管真空。 允许这些控制压力的两条管线的末端通过电磁控制的闭合叶片弹簧而相反地设置在阀门中以共同打开和关闭。 电磁体由可变频率的电流供电，该频率取决于由氧传感器监测的废气组成。