Abstract:
A MEMS three-axis accelerometer includes a silicon substrate, a first electrode and a second electrode etched in the same silicon substrate. The first electrode is constituted by a mobile mass fitted with a plurality of mobile fingers extending laterally. The second electrode is composed of two conductive parts located on two opposite sides of the mobile mass. Each conductive part comprises a plurality of fixed fingers formed parallel to the mobile fingers. Each mobile finger is positioned between two contiguous fixed fingers to cooperatively form a microstructure with interdigital combs. The mobile mass is connected to the substrate by a spring.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a method for controlling the shapes of FM-AM mixed halftone dots on the multi-bit depth imaging apparatus. In the prior art, since the reproduction of the shapes of the dots in various gradations is absolutely based on the theory of random error diffusion and is influenced by the dynamic controlling output mechanism for the multi-bit dots, it is hard to assure the controllability of the shapes of the dots in a certain gradation. Based on the prior art, the dynamic statistic algorithm with adjacent output gray levels is introduced to assure the controllability of the shapes of the dots and solve the problem of random change of the shapes of the dots due to the randomicity of the error diffusion. According to the disclosed method, the features of the multi-bit imaging apparatus can be achieved fully in light of the requirements of the dots on the basis of the original method for multi-bit FM-AM mixed screening using error diffusion based on dual-feedback. The effect of FM-AM mixed halftone screening can be achieved under low resolution with controllable shapes of the dots. The problem of granular sensation can be solved during the practical output of the mixed halftone dots so as to assure the smooth effect of the gradations.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a method for processing FM-AM mixed halftone images on a multi-bit depth imaging apparatus, which relates to a method for producing halftone dots in the field of image hard copying. In the prior art, since it is hard to avoid the impact of the error diffusion for the output apparatus to control the mixed dots with multi-bit imaging depth based on the error diffusion, the output of the mixed dots with multi-bit imaging depth cannot satisfy requirements of the apparatus. According to the method of the present invention, the dynamic algorithm for controlling the multi-bit mixed dots is used for screening based on the existing mixed screening process using dual-feedback error diffusion. Furthermore, multi-bit halftone images with high quality and rich gradations can be output by the multi-bit depth imaging apparatus. The method of the present invention can solve the phenomenon of sawtooth in the margins of the mixed dots output by the conventional single-bit apparatus and obtain the FM-AM mixed dots with the effect of high resolution and continuous gradations, which are output under low resolution.
Abstract:
A high-k metal gate electrode is formed with reduced gate voids. An embodiment includes forming a replaceable gate electrode, for example of amorphous silicon, having a top surface and a bottom surface, the top surface being larger than the bottom surface, removing the replaceable gate electrode, forming a cavity having a top opening larger than a bottom opening, and filling the cavity with metal. The larger top surface may be formed by etching the bottom portion of the amorphous silicon at greater temperature than the top portion, or by doping the top and bottom portions of the amorphous silicon differently such that the bottom has a greater lateral etch rate than the top.
Abstract:
In one embodiment, a method of forming a semiconductor device is provided that includes providing a gate structure on a semiconductor substrate. Sidewall spacers may be formed adjacent to the gate structure. A metal semiconductor alloy may be formed on the upper surface of the gate structure and on an exposed surface of the semiconductor substrate that is adjacent to the gate structure. An upper surface of the metal semiconductor alloy is converted to an oxygen-containing protective layer. The sidewall spacers are removed using an etch that is selective to the oxygen-containing protective layer. A strain-inducing layer is formed over the gate structure and the semiconductor surface, in which at least a portion of the strain-inducing layer is in direct contact with the sidewall surface of the gate structure. In another embodiment, the oxygen-containing protective layer of the metal semiconductor alloy is provided by a two stage annealing process.
Abstract:
The present invention includes methods and apparatuses for producing hydrogen peroxide using microchannel technology. An exemplary process for producing hydrogen peroxide comprises flowing feed streams into intimate fluid communication with one another within a process microchannel to form a reactant mixture stream comprising a hydrogen source and an oxygen source such as, without limitation, hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. Thereafter, a catalyst is contacted by the reactant mixture and is operative to convert a majority of the reactant mixture to hydrogen peroxide that is withdrawn via an egressing product stream. During the hydrogen peroxide chemical reaction, exothermic energy is generated and absorbed by the fluid within the microchannel as well as the microchannel itself.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a method for printing an image, comprising a step of rasterizing an image to be printed in view of a first resolution to generate a first data bitmap; a step of splitting the first data bitmap according to a ratio of the first resolution to a second resolution to generate second data bitmaps; and a step of outputting the second data bitmaps to a printer with the second resolution for printing. Disclosed is also a device for printing images. The method and device for printing an image may solve the problem in the prior art that the definition of an image printed from a printer is too low and improve the definition of an image printed from a printer.
Abstract:
Provided is a process and device for exchanging heat energy between three or more streams in a microchannel heat exchanger which can be integrated with a microchannel reactor to form an integrated microchannel processing unit. The combining of a plurality of integrated microchannel devices to provide the benefits of large-scale operation is enabled. In particular, the microchannel heat exchanger enables flexible heat transfer between multiple streams and total heat transfer rates of about 1 Watt or more per core unit volume expressed as W/cc.
Abstract:
A process for carrying out at least two unit operations in series, the process comprising the step of: (a) directing a feed stream into an integrated assembly which comprises a first microchannel unit operation upon at least one chemical of the feed stream to generate a distributed output stream that exits the first microchannel unit operation in a first set of discrete microchannels isolating flow through the discrete microchannels; and (b) directing the distributed output stream of the first microchannel unit operation into a second microchannel unit operation as a distributed input stream, to continue isolating flow between the first set of discrete microchannels, and conducting at least one operation upon at least one chemical of the input stream to generate a product stream that exits the second microchannel unit operation, where the first microchannel unit operation and the second unit operation share a housing.
Abstract:
The disclosed invention relates to a process for making a multiphase mixture, comprising: flowing a first fluid stream through a process microchannel, the first fluid stream comprising at least one liquid and/or at least one gas, the process microchannel having an apertured section; flowing a second fluid stream through the apertured section into the process microchannel in contact with the first fluid stream to form the multiphase mixture, the second fluid stream comprising at least one gas and/or at least one microbody-forming material, the first fluid stream forming a continuous phase in the multiphase mixture, the second fluid stream forming a discontinuous phase dispersed in the continuous phase.