摘要:
A method of forming a conductive lamina for use with and to form a bio-medical electrode device comprising the steps of providing a non-conductive base structure, providing a mixture of an electrically conductive substance and a media component, depositing the mixture onto the base structure, and curing the mixture. The method further comprises the step of mixing the electrical conductant and the media component in a closed cell, positive pressure kinetic mixer. The method further comprises the steps of combining a urethane base and a polyhydric alcohol to form the media component and delaying the mixing of the media component and the electrical conductant for a predetermined time period. In another embodiment, the method comprises the steps of combining a photo-initiator, a cross-linking agent, and low pH acrylic monomers to form a precomponent, and mixing the precomponent with the glycol to form the media component. The method further comprises the step of cooling the mixture prior to depositing it onto the base structure, and exposing the mixture to ultraviolet energy for a predetermined time period.
摘要:
Implantable medical devices intended for electrostimulation and sensing devices typically incorporate one or more electrical conductors as leads for electrical stimulation to, or retrieval of localized sensing data from, discrete points in the body, such as the heart. Certain applications require delivery of high intensity electrical pulses, i.e. CRTs, or defibrillators. As described herein a CRT delivers high energy pulses via a durable fine wire lead formed of a glass, silica, sapphire or crystalline quartz fiber core with a metal coating. A unipolar electrical conductor can have an outer diameter of about 150 microns or even smaller. The buffered fibers support conduction of high intensity electrical pulses as required for internal or external defibrillators, or other biomedical applications, as well as non-medical applications. Defibrillation pulses can be transmitted through less cross-sectional area of metal in the subject fine wire conductor than would be the case with conventional solid core metal wires. Multiple such coated fibers can act as a single conductor. An outer protective sheath of a flexible polymer material can be included.
摘要:
Durable fine wire electrical conductors are robust, durable, small in profile, and light weight, yet capable of operating under extreme environmental conditions. Formed of a glass, silica, sapphire or crystalline quartz fiber core with a metal coating and one or more polymer layers, a unipolar electrical conductor can have an outer diameter as small as about 300 microns or even smaller. The metal buffer coating may be deposited directly on the glass/silica fiber, or upon an intermediate layer between the glass/silica fiber and metal, consisting of carbon and/or polymer. The resulting metallized glass/silica fibers are extremely durable, can be bent through small radii and will not fatigue even from millions of iterations of flexing. Bipolar electrical conductors can include several insulated metallized glass/silica fibers residing side by side, or can be coaxial with two or more insulated metal conductive paths. An outer protective sheath of a flexible polymer material can be included.
摘要:
A method for accessing the left atrial appendage with a balloon-tipped transseptal sheath is disclosed. A transseptal sheath is delivered to the left atrium through the intraatrial septum from the right atrium. The balloon tip may be inflated to prevent the transseptal sheath from falling proximally into the right atrium. The inflated balloon tip permits safe probing and exploration of the left atrial appendage and facilitates safe maintenance of the position of the transseptal sheath within the left atrial appendage while delivering an implantable device to the left atrial appendage.
摘要:
A system and method for retrieving an implantable device includes a delivery catheter, a recapture section, and a sheath. The delivery catheter has a proximal end and a distal end. The recapture section is axially extendable from the distal end of the delivery catheter. The sheath has a proximal end and a distal end and a lumen sized to receive the delivery catheter. A portion of the lumen of the sheath is actuatable from an enlarged inside diameter to a reduced inside diameter to apply an inwardly directed force to the recapture section. The delivery catheter can be actuated with respect to the sheath to extend or retract the recapture section with respect to the delivery catheter.
摘要:
A conjunctive method of treating coronary artery disease includes a primary treatment where a stent is placed in a coronary artery of a patient at a site of an occlusion. The conjunctive method comprises placing a therapeutic agent at an epicardial surface of a heart of the patient and at the site of the occlusion. The therapeutic agent is selected for abating restenosis at the site.
摘要:
A method of accessing the pericardial space comprises providing a primary catheter having an inflatable balloon, inserting the primary catheter into the vascular system, forwarding the primary catheter through the vascular system to an atrial appendage, inflating the balloon to engage the wall of the appendage sufficient to separate opposing wall portions of the appendage between the cardiac tissue and the pericardium. The inflated balloon increases the distance of the pericardium from the cardiac tissue to permit easier access into the pericardial space via the appendage. The inflated balloon further can be configured to create a seal of the balloon exterior surface relative to an inner wall of the appendage adjacent to an apex of the appendage. The balloon seal isolates a portion of the interior of the appendage adjacent the apex allowing the removal of blood from the isolated portion. This prevents cross-contamination of fluid between the pericardial space and the appendage. An implantable valve positionable in the apex of the appendage permits repeatable access into the pericardial space.
摘要:
A hydratable iontophoretic bioelectrode includes a layer of material for absorbing and holding an ionized fluid when placed in contact with the fluid. A conductive sheet of material is positioned in contact with one side of the layer of material and is connectable to an electrical charged source to receive a charge of the same polarity as the polarity of ions in the fluid. A support base holds the layer of material and conductive sheets in place to enable placement of the layer of material against the skin or tissue of a person into which ions from the ionized fluid are to be delivered. This is carried out by applying the charge in question to the conductive sheet to cause the ions in the layer of material to migrate therefrom into the person's skin or tissue.
摘要:
A small diameter, shielded, fine wire glass fiber conductor which is capable of transmitting optical and electrical signals in environments with electromagnetic interference or radio frequency interferences. The conductor includes a fiber core, a first insulation layer, a conductive layer, a second insulation layer, a shielding layer, and an outer coating. Applications include use in aerospace, automotive, and other vehicles as well as potential use in electrostimulation devices, such as pacemaker leads, vascular guidewires and other medical applications.
摘要:
Durable fine wire electrical conductors are robust, durable, small in profile, and light weight, yet capable of operating under extreme environmental conditions. Formed of a glass, silica, sapphire or crystalline quartz fiber core with a metal coating and one or more polymer layers, a unipolar electrical conductor can have an outer diameter as small as about 300 microns or even smaller. The metal buffer coating may be deposited directly on the glass/silica fiber, or upon an intermediate layer between the glass/silica fiber and metal, consisting of carbon and/or polymer. The resulting metallized glass/silica fibers are extremely durable, can be bent through small radii and will not fatigue even from millions of iterations of flexing. Bipolar electrical conductors can include several insulated metallized glass/silica fibers residing side by side, or can be coaxial with two or more insulated metal conductive paths. An outer protective sheath of a flexible polymer material can be included.