公开(公告)号：US5579021A

公开(公告)日：1996-11-26

申请号：US405646

申请日：1995-03-17

申请人： Jar J. Lee

发明人： Jar J. Lee

IPC分类号： H01Q15/16 ,  G01S13/93 ,  H01Q1/27 ,  H01Q3/02 ,  H01Q3/20 ,  H01Q13/20 ,  H01Q19/13 ,  H01Q13/00

CPC分类号： H01Q3/20 ,  H01Q19/13

摘要： Compact, microwave scanned antennas include combinations of a radiator, a reflector and a mirror. The radiator is formed by plating a shaped dielectric core. It generates an antenna beam at an output aperture in response to a microwave signal at an input port. The wavefront orientation of the antenna beam is a function of the wavefront orientation of the microwave signal at the input port. Changing the angular relationship between the path of the microwave signal and the input port changes the wavefront orentation of the antenna beam and, therefore, its beam axis. Pivoting the reflector realizes the desired angular change in the microwave signal path. Alternatively, the reflector can be fixed and the mirror pivoted to vary the microwave signal path. Antenna embodiments can be physically realized with a single moving part, the shaped dielectric is easy to form and when configured to operate at a high frequency, e.g., 77 GHz, the antenna is small enough to fit behind an automobile license plate.

摘要翻译： 紧凑的微波扫描天线包括散热器，反射器和反射镜的组合。 散热器通过镀成形介质芯形成。 它响应于输入端口处的微波信号而在输出孔径处产生天线波束。 天线波束的波前方向是微波信号在输入端口的波前方向的函数。 改变微波信号和输入端口的路径之间的角度关系改变了天线波束的波阵面，因此改变了其波束轴。 旋转反射镜实现了微波信号路径中所需的角度变化。 或者，反射器可以是固定的并且镜子枢转以改变微波信号路径。 天线实施例可以用单个移动部件物理地实现，成形的电介质易于形成，并且当被配置为以高频率（例如77GHz）工作时，天线足够小以配合在汽车车牌后面。

公开(公告)号：US5428364A

公开(公告)日：1995-06-27

申请号：US65130

申请日：1993-05-20

申请人： Jar J. Lee ,  Stan W. Livingston

发明人： Jar J. Lee ,  Stan W. Livingston

IPC分类号： H01Q13/08 ,  H01Q13/10

CPC分类号： H01Q13/08

摘要： A wideband radiating element including an input mechanism for receiving electromagnetic energy from a source and a balanced feeding mechanism extending from the input mechanism for transmitting the electromagnetic energy and for providing impedance matching over a range of frequencies. Finally, a dipole mechanism extending from the balanced feeding mechanism is provided for radiating the electromagnetic energy where the dipole mechanism has a shape to provide wide bandwidth impedance matching. In a preferred embodiment, an input mounting block is connected to the two opposing sides of a planar dielectric substrate. A balanced narrow conductor slot line extends from the input mounting block on both sides of the dielectric substrate to transmit the electromagnetic energy and to provide impedance matching over a frequency range of (0.5 to 18) GHz. The narrow conductor slot line is tapered to match the radiation resistance of a dipole element utilized to radiate the electromagnetic energy. The dipole element extends from the balanced narrow conductor slot line on both sides of the dielectric substrate with each wing having an expanded width for accommodating surface current of various distributions over the frequency range. The dipole element also includes an inner taper for radiating energy over the frequency range with the position of the dipole element relative to a ground plane being optimized to minimize radiation reflection.

摘要翻译： 一种宽带辐射元件，包括用于从源接收电磁能的输入机构和从输入机构延伸的平衡进给机构，用于传输电磁能并用于在频率范围内提供阻抗匹配。 最后，提供从平衡进给机构延伸的偶极机构，用于辐射电磁能，其中偶极子机构具有形状以提供宽带阻抗匹配。 在优选实施例中，输入安装块连接到平面电介质基板的两个相对侧。 平衡的窄导体插槽线从介质衬底的两侧的输入安装块延伸，以传输电磁能量并在（0.5至18）GHz的频率范围内提供阻抗匹配。 窄导体槽线是锥形的，以匹配用于辐射电磁能的偶极子元件的辐射电阻。 偶极元件从电介质基板的两侧上的平衡窄导体槽线延伸，每个翼具有扩展的宽度，用于容纳在频率范围上的各种分布的表面电流。 偶极元件还包括用于在频率范围内辐射能量的内锥形，其中偶极元件相对于接地平面的位置被优化以最小化辐射反射。

公开(公告)号：US5377287A

公开(公告)日：1994-12-27

申请号：US811591

申请日：1991-12-19

申请人： Jar J. Lee ,  George I. Tsuda

发明人： Jar J. Lee ,  George I. Tsuda

IPC分类号： G02B6/28 ,  G02B6/32

CPC分类号： G02B6/2848

摘要： A fiber optic corporate power divider/combiner for use in fiber optic systems is provided. When functioning as an optical divider, the invention includes a dielectric lens for converting incoming optical energy from a divergent spherical wave to a plane wave. A micro-lens array in optical alignment with the dielectric lens functions to partition and focus the plane wave to provide a coherent phase optical dot pattern. A fiber bundle is provided to receive and uniformly distribute the coherent phase optical dot pattern. When functioning as an optical combiner, the invention includes the micro-lens array to convert an incoming coherent phase optical dot pattern from a plurality of divergent spherical waves to a plane wave. The dielectric lens optically aligned with the micro-lens array receives and converts the plane wave to a convergent spherical wave and a single optical fiber receives and transforms the convergent spherical wave into parallel rays for transmission. In a preferred embodiment, the dielectric lens comprises a single hyperbolic lens which is in juxtaposition to a plurality of hyperbolic lenses forming the micro-lens array. The number of lenses in the micro-lens array is equal to the number of optical fibers in the bundle for permitting optimum transmission of optical energy.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于光纤系统的光纤公司功率分配器/组合器。 当用作分光器时，本发明包括用于将来自发散球面波的入射光能转换成平面波的电介质透镜。 与电介质透镜光学对准的微透镜阵列用于分隔和聚焦平面波以提供相干相位光点图案。 提供纤维束以接收并均匀分布相干相位光点图案。 当用作光学组合器时，本发明包括微透镜阵列，用于将输入的相干相位光点图案从多个发散球面波转换为平面波。 与微透镜阵列光学对准的介质透镜接收并将平面波转换为会聚球面，单个光纤接收并转换会聚球形波到平行光线进行透射。 在优选实施例中，介电透镜包括与形成微透镜阵列的多个双曲透镜并置的单个双曲透镜。 微透镜阵列中的透镜数量等于光束中光纤的数量，以允许光能的最佳传输。

公开(公告)号：US08378905B2

公开(公告)日：2013-02-19

申请号：US12462709

申请日：2009-08-07

申请人： Jar J. Lee ,  Clifton Quan ,  Stanley W. Livingston

发明人： Jar J. Lee ,  Clifton Quan ,  Stanley W. Livingston

IPC分类号： H01Q1/28

CPC分类号： H01Q1/1292 ,  H01Q1/286 ,  H01Q3/46 ,  H01Q5/42 ,  H01Q21/0018

摘要： A space-fed conformal array for a high altitude airship includes a primary array lens assembly adapted for conformal mounting to a non-planar airship surface. The lens assembly includes a first set of radiator elements and a second set of radiator elements, the first set and the second set spaced apart by a spacing distance. The first set of radiators faces outwardly from the airship surface to provide a radiating aperture. The second set of radiators faces inwardly toward an inner space of the airship, for illumination by a feed array spaced from the second set of radiators.

公开(公告)号：US07532170B1

公开(公告)日：2009-05-12

申请号：US09771300

申请日：2001-01-25

申请人： Jar J. Lee ,  Stan W. Livingston

发明人： Jar J. Lee ,  Stan W. Livingston

IPC分类号： H01Q1/28 ,  H01Q1/48 ,  H01Q15/14

CPC分类号： H01Q1/281 ,  H01Q1/286 ,  H01Q15/006 ,  H01Q21/067

摘要： A conformal end-fire antenna with a high impedance ground surface structure and an array of radiating elements formed thereon. The ground surface structure includes an array of metal protrusions on a electrically conductive sheet, the metal protrusions arranged in a two-dimensional lattice. The ground surface structure acts as a magnetic surface at an RF frequency band of interest, functioning as an electrical short at DC, and as a mirror which reflects an RF field in the frequency band with virtually no phase reversal.

摘要翻译： 具有高阻抗地表面结构和形成在其上的辐射元件阵列的共形终端天线。 地表结构包括在导电片上的金属突起阵列，金属突起以二维晶格布置。 地表面结构充当感兴趣的RF频带处的磁性表面，用作DC的电短路，并且作为在几乎没有反相的频带中反射RF场的反射镜。

公开(公告)号：US07336232B1

公开(公告)日：2008-02-26

申请号：US11499559

申请日：2006-08-04

申请人： Jar J. Lee ,  Clifton Quan ,  Stanley W. Livingston

发明人： Jar J. Lee ,  Clifton Quan ,  Stanley W. Livingston

IPC分类号： H01Q19/06

CPC分类号： H01Q21/0018 ,  H01Q1/1292 ,  H01Q1/286 ,  H01Q3/46 ,  H01Q5/42 ,  H01Q13/08 ,  H01Q13/085 ,  H01Q21/064 ,  H01Q21/065

摘要： A dual-band, space fed antenna array includes a feed array with a first set of feed radiators for operation in a first frequency band of operation and a second set of feed radiators for operation in a second frequency band of operation. A primary array lens assembly is spaced from and illuminated by the feed array. The primary array lens includes a first set of radiator elements and a second set of radiator elements operable in the first frequency band of operation. The primary array lens assembly also includes a third set of radiator elements and a fourth set of radiator elements operable in the second frequency band of operation.

摘要翻译： 双频带空间馈电天线阵列包括具有用于在第一频带操作中操作的第一组馈送辐射器的馈电阵列和用于在第二频带操作中操作的第二组馈送辐射器。 主阵列透镜组件与馈电阵列间隔开并由馈电阵列照射。 主阵列透镜包括第一组散热器元件和可在第一操作频带中操作的第二组散热器元件。 主阵列透镜组件还包括第三组散热器元件和可在第二操作频带中操作的第四组辐射器元件。

公开(公告)号：US20080030420A1

公开(公告)日：2008-02-07

申请号：US11499591

申请日：2006-08-04

申请人： Jar J. Lee ,  Clifton Quan ,  Stanley W. Livingston

发明人： Jar J. Lee ,  Clifton Quan ,  Stanley W. Livingston

IPC分类号： H01Q21/00

CPC分类号： H01Q21/0018 ,  H01Q1/1292 ,  H01Q1/28 ,  H01Q1/286 ,  H01Q3/46 ,  H01Q5/42

摘要： A space-fed array is selectively operable in a reflective mode or in a feed-through mode. The array includes, in an exemplary embodiment, a primary array; and a feed array. The primary array includes a first side set of radiating elements, a first set of phase shifters, a set of switches, a second set of phase shifters and a second side set of radiating elements. Each of the switches is connected between corresponding ones of the first set and the second set of phase shifters and ground, selectively settable at an open position or at a closed position. The open position corresponds to the feed through mode, and the closed position corresponds to the reflective mode.

摘要翻译： 空间馈送阵列可选择性地以反射模式或馈通模式操作。 在示例性实施例中，阵列包括主阵列; 和馈送数组。 主阵列包括第一组辐射元件，第一组移相器，一组开关，第二组移相器和第二侧辐射元件组。 每个开关连接在第一组和第二组移相器的对应的开关和地之间，可选择地设置在打开位置或关闭位置。 打开位置对应于进给模式，关闭位置对应于反射模式。

公开(公告)号：US06822615B2

公开(公告)日：2004-11-23

申请号：US10373936

申请日：2003-02-25

申请人： Clifton Quan ,  Jar J. Lee ,  Brian M. Pierce ,  Robert C. Allison

发明人： Clifton Quan ,  Jar J. Lee ,  Brian M. Pierce ,  Robert C. Allison

IPC分类号： H01Q300

CPC分类号： H01Q13/28 ,  H01Q3/22 ,  H01Q3/46 ,  H01Q13/085 ,  H01Q21/0018 ,  H01Q21/0037

摘要： A microelectromechanical system (MEMS) steerable electronically scanned lens array (ESA) antenna and method of frequency scanning are disclosed. The MEMS ESA antenna includes a wide band feedthrough lens and a continuous transverse stub (CTS) feed array. The wide band feedthrough lens includes first and second arrays of wide band radiating elements and an array of MEMS phase shifter modules disposed between the first and second arrays of radiating elements. The continuous transverse stub (CTS) feed array is disposed adjacent the first array of radiating elements for providing a planar wave front in the near field. The MEMS phase shifter modules steer a beam radiated from the CTS feed array in two dimensions.

公开(公告)号：US06404377B1

公开(公告)日：2002-06-11

申请号：US09703078

申请日：2000-10-31

申请人： Jar J. Lee ,  Stan W. Livingston

发明人： Jar J. Lee ,  Stan W. Livingston

IPC分类号： G01S702

CPC分类号： H01Q21/064 ,  G01S7/025 ,  G01S13/0209 ,  H01Q1/28 ,  H01Q3/2682 ,  H01Q13/085 ,  H01Q21/24

摘要： A low cost array with wide band elements interleaved into an “egg-crate” structure. The radiating elements are flared notch radiators. Good impedance match over a wide band was achieved by feeding each element with a tapered quasi-TEM slot line, which transforms a 50-ohm input impedance to a 120-ohm radiation impedance. The radiating elements are fed by a true time delay beam-forming network to ensure that the main beam points.

摘要翻译： 具有宽带元素的低成本阵列交错成“蛋箱”结构。 辐射元件是喇叭口的散热器。 通过向每个元件馈送锥形准TEM槽线来实现宽带上的良好阻抗匹配，其将50欧姆输入阻抗转换为120欧姆的辐射阻抗。 辐射元件由真实的时间延迟波束形成网络馈送，以确保主波束点。

公开(公告)号：US5861845A

公开(公告)日：1999-01-19

申请号：US81672

申请日：1998-05-19

申请人： Jar J. Lee ,  Ronald R. Stephens ,  Harry T. Wang

发明人： Jar J. Lee ,  Ronald R. Stephens ,  Harry T. Wang

IPC分类号： G01S13/02 ,  G01S13/42 ,  H01Q3/22 ,  H01Q3/26 ,  H01Q5/00 ,  H01Q25/00

CPC分类号： H01Q3/22 ,  H01Q25/008 ,  H01Q3/2676 ,  G01S13/426 ,  G01S2013/0245

摘要： Wideband phased array antennas are provided that eliminate the need for phase shifters in the region of the array face. In addition, they generate less beam squint than conventional antennas. In one embodiment, they include an electronic signal generator, reference and scanning manifolds and an array of n radiative modules. The signal generator generates a variable-frequency scanning signal s.sub.s and a reference signal s.sub.r wherein the frequency of the reference signal s.sub.r is substantially a selected one of the sum and the difference of the frequencies of the scanning signal s.sub.s and an operating signal s.sub.o. The reference manifold receives and divides the reference signal s.sub.r into n reference signal samples which are progressively time delayed by a selectable one of m reference differential time delays .DELTA.t.sub.r. The scanning manifold receives and divides the scanning signal s.sub.o into n scanning signal samples which are progressively time delayed by a scanning differential time delay .DELTA.t.sub.s. Each of the radiative modules includes a mixing device, an electromagnetic radiator and a filter. The mixing device receives and mixes a respective one of the reference signal samples and a respective one of the scanning signal samples. The filter couples the mixing device to the radiator and is configured to pass the operating signal s.sub.o. Accordingly, an antenna beam is radiated from the array at m selectable scan angles with each of the scan angles varying in response to the frequency of the scanning signal s.sub.s. Multiband and two-dimensional embodiments are shown and described. The wideband characteristics of these antennas are especially suited for radar, electronic warfare and high data-rate communication applications.

摘要翻译： 提供宽带相控阵天线，其不需要阵列面区域中的移相器。 此外，它们比常规天线产生较少的光束斜率。 在一个实施例中，它们包括电子信号发生器，参考和扫描歧管以及n个辐射模块的阵列。 信号发生器产生可变频扫描信号ss和参考信号sr，其中参考信号sr的频率基本上是扫描信号ss和操作信号的和的频率和操作信号的和之间的选择的一个。 参考歧管接收并将参考信号sr分成n个参考信号样本，这些参考信号采样被m个参考差分时间延迟DELTA tr中的可选择的一个延迟地延迟。 扫描歧管接收并将扫描信号分成由扫描差分时间延迟DELTA ts逐渐延迟的n个扫描信号样本。 每个辐射模块包括混合装置，电磁辐射器和过滤器。 混合装置接收和混合参考信号样本中的相应一个和扫描信号样本中的相应一个。 滤波器将混合装置耦合到散热器，并且被配置为使得操作信号如此传递。 因此，天线波束以m个可选扫描角度从阵列辐射，每个扫描角度响应于扫描信号ss的频率而变化。 显示和描述多频带和二维实施例。 这些天线的宽带特性特别适用于雷达，电子战和高数据速率通信应用。