公开(公告)号：US5233961A

公开(公告)日：1993-08-10

申请号：US983971

申请日：1992-12-01

申请人： Wataru Fukui ,  Atsuko Hashimoto

发明人： Wataru Fukui ,  Atsuko Hashimoto

IPC分类号： F02B3/06 ,  F02D41/34 ,  F02P7/06 ,  F02P7/077 ,  F02P15/00

CPC分类号： F02D41/345 ,  F02P15/008 ,  F02P7/061 ,  F02P7/0775 ,  F02B3/06 ,  Y02T10/44

摘要： A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes a reference position sensor which generates a reference position signal indicating occurrence of a first and a second reference position of each piston of an engine. Using the reference position signal, the period between two occurrences of one of the reference position and the separation between an occurrence of the first reference position and an occurrence of the second reference position are measured. An error in the reference position signal with respect to the first or the second reference position is calculated based on a ratio of the reference position separation to the measured period. A control timing for the engine, such as the ignition timing, is calculated based on operating conditions of the engine, and a control period corresponding to the length of time from an occurrence of one of the reference positions until an occurrence of the control timing is calculated based on the calculated error. The calculation of the control period compensates for the presence of error in the reference position signal, so the engine timing can be accurately controlled despite the presence of error.

摘要翻译： 一种用于内燃机的控制装置，包括基准位置传感器，该基准位置传感器产生指示发动机的每个活塞的第一和第二基准位置的发生的基准位置信号。 使用参考位置信号，测量参考位置之一的两次出现与第一参考位置的出现与第二参考位置的出现之间的间隔的周期。 基于参考位置分离与测量周期的比率来计算参考位置信号相对于第一或第二参考位置的误差。 基于发动机的运转条件来计算发动机的控制定时，例如点火正时，并且对应于从发生一个参考位置直到发生控制定时的时间长短的控制周期为 根据计算出的误差计算。 控制周期的计算补偿了参考位置信号中存在的误差，因此尽管存在误差，但可以准确地控制发动机定时。

公开(公告)号：US20080241896A1

公开(公告)日：2008-10-02

申请号：US11860126

申请日：2007-09-24

申请人： Masakazu NAKAZAWA ,  Atsuko Hashimoto ,  Hiroyuki Nozaki

发明人： Masakazu NAKAZAWA ,  Atsuko Hashimoto ,  Hiroyuki Nozaki

IPC分类号： C12P13/22 ,  C07D233/72

CPC分类号： C07D233/76 ,  C07D233/78 ,  C12P13/06 ,  C12P41/002

摘要： The present invention provides a production method of optically active hydroxymethyl-substituted phenylalanine, which includes reducing cyano-substituted benzylidene hydantoin (1) to give aminomethyl-substituted benzyl hydantoin (2) or a salt thereof, converting an amino group of the aminomethyl-substituted benzyl hydantoin (2) or a salt thereof to a hydroxyl group to give hydroxymethyl-substituted benzyl hydantoin (3), treating the hydroxymethyl-substituted benzyl hydantoin (3) with an enzyme to give D-hydroxymethyl-substituted phenylalanine (4a) or a salt thereof, or L-hydroxymethyl-substituted phenylalanine (4b) or a salt thereof.According to the present invention, a production method capable of conveniently producing optically active hydroxymethyl-substituted phenylalanine on an industrial scale can be provided.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供光学活性羟甲基取代苯丙氨酸的制备方法，其包括还原氰基取代的亚苄基乙内酰脲（1），得到氨基甲基取代的苄基乙内酰脲（2）或其盐，转化氨基甲基取代的氨基 苄基乙内酰脲（2）或其盐与羟基反应，得到羟甲基取代的苄基乙内酰脲（3），用酶处理羟甲基取代的苄基乙内酰脲（3），得到D-羟甲基取代的苯丙氨酸（4a）或 其盐或L-羟甲基取代的苯丙氨酸（4b）或其盐。 根据本发明，可以提供能够以工业规模方便地制备光学活性羟甲基取代的苯丙氨酸的制备方法。

公开(公告)号：US5121729A

公开(公告)日：1992-06-16

申请号：US747045

申请日：1991-08-19

申请人： Atsuko Hashimoto ,  Wataru Fukui ,  Toshio Iwata

发明人： Atsuko Hashimoto ,  Wataru Fukui ,  Toshio Iwata

IPC分类号： F02D45/00 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02P5/152 ,  F02P5/153 ,  G01L23/22

CPC分类号： F02P5/1526 ,  G01L23/225 ,  F02B1/04 ,  Y02T10/46

摘要： For suppression of knocking in an internal combustion engine, an engine vibration level is periodically generated at predetermined time intervals on the basis of an output signal of a knocking sensor which is installed for detecting the engine vibration, the engine vibration level thus generated being compared with a preset sensor failure level. When the vibration level remains lower than the preset sensor failure level successively throughout a period corresponding to a predetermined number of engine cycles, a knocking sensor failure indication signal is generated to thereby allow knocking control to be precautionarily performed for the safety of the engine operation.

摘要翻译： 为了抑制内燃机的撞击，基于安装用于检测发动机振动的爆震传感器的输出信号，以预定的时间间隔周期性地发动发动机振动水平，将由此产生的发动机振动水平与 预设传感器故障等级。 当在对应于预定数量的发动机循环的整个时间段内，当振动水平连续地低于预设的传感器故障水平时，产生爆震传感器故障指示信号，从而允许为了发动机操作的安全性而进行爆震控制。

公开(公告)号：US5060615A

公开(公告)日：1991-10-29

申请号：US600931

申请日：1990-10-22

申请人： Atsuko Hashimoto ,  Toshio Iwata

发明人： Atsuko Hashimoto ,  Toshio Iwata

IPC分类号： F02P5/152 ,  F02D45/00 ,  F02P5/153 ,  G01L23/22

CPC分类号： G01L23/225

摘要： A knock sensing apparatus for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine has a knock sensor that generates an electrical output signal corresponding to vibrations of the engine. A level indicating means generates a first level signal indicating the level of the output signal of the knock sensor during a first period at least partially coinciding with the power stroke in a cylinder of the engine and a second level signal indicating the level of the output signal of the knock sensor during a second period. An averager forms an average of the second level signal over a prescribed period, and a threshold calculator calculates a threshold based on the average. A comparator compares the first level signal and the threshold and generates a signal indicating knocking when the first level signal exceeds the threshold.

摘要翻译： 用于多缸内燃机的爆震传感装置具有产生对应于发动机振动的电输出信号的爆震传感器。 电平指示装置产生第一电平信号，其指示在第一周期期间爆震传感器的输出信号的电平至少部分地与发动机气缸中的功率冲程重合，以及指示输出信号电平的第二电平信号 的爆震传感器。 平均器在规定的时间内形成第二电平信号的平均值，阈值计算器基于平均值来计算阈值。 比较器比较第一电平信号和阈值，并且当第一电平信号超过阈值时产生指示爆震的信号。

公开(公告)号：US06196174B1

公开(公告)日：2001-03-06

申请号：US09477346

申请日：2000-01-04

申请人： Koji Wada ,  Atsuko Hashimoto

发明人： Koji Wada ,  Atsuko Hashimoto

IPC分类号： F01L134

CPC分类号： F01L1/3442 ,  F01L2001/34426 ,  F01L2820/044

摘要： A valve timing control system for an internal combustion engine capable of accurately accomplishing valve timing control irrespective of variation of the oil pressure to be applied to an hydraulic actuator. The apparatus comprises an hydraulic actuator for changing an operating angle of a cam of a cam shaft to advance or retard a valve timing in the internal combustion engine, a pump for sending a lubricating oil under pressure to the hydraulic actuator, an oil supply quantity adjusting valve for adjusting a quantity of the lubricating oil to be supplied to the hydraulic actuator, and a control unit for estimating a driving force of the hydraulic actuator on the basis of an oil pressure of the lubricating oil on the downstream side of the pump. The controlled variable for the oil supply quantity adjusting valve is determined on the basis of the estimated value of the driving force of the hydraulic actuator.

摘要翻译： 一种用于能够精确地实现气门正时控制的内燃机的气门正时控制系统，而不管施加到液压致动器的油压的变化。 该装置包括用于改变凸轮轴的凸轮的操作角度以推进或延迟内燃机中的气门正时的液压致动器，用于将压力下的润滑油送到液压致动器的泵，供油量调节 用于调节要供给到液压致动器的润滑油的量的阀，以及用于基于泵的下游侧的润滑油的油压来估计液压致动器的驱动力的控制单元。 基于液压致动器的驱动力的估计值来确定供油量调节阀的控制变量。

公开(公告)号：US5184590A

公开(公告)日：1993-02-09

申请号：US832839

申请日：1992-02-10

申请人： Atsuko Hashimoto ,  Toshio Iwata ,  Wataru Fukui

发明人： Atsuko Hashimoto ,  Toshio Iwata ,  Wataru Fukui

IPC分类号： F02P5/15 ,  F02P7/067

CPC分类号： F02P5/1502 ,  F02P7/067 ,  Y02T10/46

摘要： An engine timing control apparatus has a crankshaft position sensor that generates an output signal in the form of a series of pulses having gaps at regular intervals, the gaps indicating reference positions of the crankshaft. The crankshaft position sensor is mounted on an engine such that ignition of the engine does not occur during any of the gaps. A microcomputer controls the engine timing based on the reference positions.

摘要翻译： 发动机定时控制装置具有曲轴位置传感器，该曲轴位置传感器以规则间隔产生具有间隙的一系列脉冲形式的输出信号，所述间隙指示曲轴的基准位置。 曲轴位置传感器安装在发动机上，使得在任何间隙期间不会发生发动机的点火。 微型计算机基于参考位置控制发动机正时。

公开(公告)号：US5168854A

公开(公告)日：1992-12-08

申请号：US748721

申请日：1991-08-22

申请人： Atsuko Hashimoto ,  Toshio Iwata ,  Wataru Fukui ,  Toshio Ohsawa

发明人： Atsuko Hashimoto ,  Toshio Iwata ,  Wataru Fukui ,  Toshio Ohsawa

IPC分类号： F02B1/04 ,  F02D41/22 ,  F02P5/152 ,  G01L27/00 ,  G01M15/08

CPC分类号： F02D35/023 ,  F02D41/222 ,  F02P5/1526 ,  G01L27/007 ,  G01M15/08 ,  F02B1/04 ,  Y02T10/46

摘要： Method and apparatus for detecting a failure of a pressure sensor provided in association with a cylinder of an internal combustion engine for detecting the pressure therein. Decision as to occurrence of a failure in the pressure sensor is made on the basis of the cylinder pressure detected by the pressure sensor through comparison with a prescribed reference value or range. Failure of the pressure sensor is determined if the detected cylinder pressure deviates from the reference value or range by a predetermined amount. Upon detection of a pressure sensor failure, an engine control parameter such as ignition timing for controlling the associated cylinder in dependence on the pressure sensor output is set to a fixed value or the operation of the cylinder is stopped.

摘要翻译： 用于检测与用于检测其中的压力的​​内燃机的气缸相关联地设置的压力传感器的故障的方法和装置。 基于由压力传感器检测的气缸压力与规定的基准值或范围进行比较，进行关于压力传感器发生故障的判定。 如果检测到的气缸压力与参考值或范围偏离预定量，则确定压力传感器的故障。 在检测到压力传感器故障时，将根据压力传感器输出控制相关气缸的点火正时等发动机控制参数设定为固定值，或停止气缸的动作。

公开(公告)号：US5109820A

公开(公告)日：1992-05-05

申请号：US690245

申请日：1991-04-24

申请人： Toshio Iwata ,  Atsuko Matsuoka ,  Atsuko Hashimoto

发明人： Toshio Iwata ,  Atsuko Matsuoka ,  Atsuko Hashimoto

IPC分类号： F02B1/04 ,  F02D35/02 ,  F02P5/152

CPC分类号： F02D35/027 ,  F02P5/152 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02D2041/281 ,  Y02T10/46

摘要： A knock control apparatus and method for an internal combustion engine serves to simplify hardware components employed to reduce the load thereon, and hence minimize the cost of manufacture while improving the freedom of control of an engine control unit. Vibrations of a cylinder are sensed to generate a vibration level which is then averaged to provide an average value. A knock determination threshold is generated based on the average value. The vibration level is compared with the threshold for determining whether knock is taking place in the cylinder. When the vibration level exceeds the threshold, engine control parameters are controlled in a direction to suppress knocking in the cylinder. Preferably, the averaging of the vibration level comprises averaging the vibration level to provide a first average value, and averaging the first average value to provide a second average value. Preferably, the generation of a vibration level comprises generating a first vibration level and a second vibration level at a first and a second reference crank position, respectively. A knock determination threshold is generated based on the second vibration level. A knock determination signal is generated based on a difference between the first vibration level and the knock determination threshold.

摘要翻译： 用于内燃机的爆震控制装置和方法用于简化用于减轻其上的负载的硬件部件，从而使制造成本最小化，同时提高发动机控制单元的控制自由度。 感测到气缸的振动以产生振动水平，然后将其平均以提供平均值。 基于平均值产生爆震判定阈值。 将振动水平与用于确定气缸中是否发生爆震的阈值进行比较。 当振动水平超过阈值时，发动机控制参数被控制在抑制气缸中爆震的方向上。 优选地，振动水平的平均包括平均振动水平以提供第一平均值，并且平均第一平均值以提供第二平均值。 优选地，产生振动级别包括分别在第一和第二参考曲柄位置产生第一振动水平和第二振动水平。 基于第二振动水平产生爆震判定阈值。 基于第一振动水平和爆震判定阈值之间的差产生爆震判定信号。

公开(公告)号：US06213070B1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-10

申请号：US09531222

申请日：2000-03-20

申请人： Atsuko Hashimoto ,  Koji Wada ,  Takeshi Kawakami

发明人： Atsuko Hashimoto ,  Koji Wada ,  Takeshi Kawakami

IPC分类号： F02D1302

CPC分类号： F02D13/0215 ,  F02D13/0219 ,  F02D13/0261 ,  Y02T10/18

摘要： When an internal combustion engine is run at a high speed revolution, a large increase in a processing time executed every predetermined crank angle position can be suppressed, and fluctuations or variations in response characteristics can be reduced, thus enabling better valve timing control. To this end, a control apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes a variable valve timing mechanism, an actual advance amount detector for detecting an actual valve timing position every predetermined crank angle position, a target advance amount setter for setting a target valve timing based upon a detection result of the operating condition detector, a controller for controlling the variable valve timing mechanism, an advance amount deviation calculator for calculating a deviation between the target advance amount and the actual advance amount every predetermined crank angle position, a differential value calculator for calculating, every predetermined time, a deviation between a current value of advance amount deviation and a preceding value thereof, and a control amount calculator for calculating a control amount used in the controller based upon both the advance amount deviation and the differential value.

摘要翻译： 当内燃机以高速旋转运行时，可以抑制每预定曲柄角位置执行的处理时间的大幅增加，并且可以降低响应特性的波动或变化，从而实现更好的气门正时控制。 为此，内燃机的控制装置具有可变气门正时机构，用于检测每个预定曲柄角位置的实际气门正时位置的实际提前量检测器，用于基于以下方式设定目标气门正时的目标提前量设定器 操作条件检测器的检测结果，用于控制可变气门正时机构的控制器，用于计算每个预定曲柄角位置的目标提前量与实际提前量之间的偏差的提前量偏差计算器，用于计算 每个预定时间，提前量偏差的当前值与其前一值之间的偏差;以及控制量计算器，用于基于所述提前量偏差和所述微分值两者来计算在所述控制器中使用的控制量。

公开(公告)号：US5554802A

公开(公告)日：1996-09-10

申请号：US393926

申请日：1995-02-21

申请人： Wataru Fukui ,  Atsuko Hashimoto

发明人： Wataru Fukui ,  Atsuko Hashimoto

IPC分类号： F02P7/067 ,  F02D41/34 ,  F02P7/077 ,  F02P17/00 ,  G01M15/00

CPC分类号： F02D41/009 ,  F02P7/077

摘要： A cylinder identifying apparatus for an internal combustion engine including a rotary signal generator, a measuring device, a calculating device and an identifying device. The rotary signal generator generates, in synchronism with a rotation of the engine, a signal having first positional pulses, each corresponding to one of a plurality of cylinders of the engine, and a second positional pulse corresponding to a specific one of the cylinders. The measuring device measures the time periods between the beginning of each contiguous pulse, as well as the time periods representing the width of each of the pulses. The calculating device then calculates ratios of each of the time periods representing the widths of the pulses to their corresponding time period of the time periods representing the time between the beginning of each contiguous pulse. These ratios are then normalized. The identifying device then identifies one of the cylinders by comparing the normalized values to a reference value, and then is able to identify the other cylinders because the sequence of the cylinders is known.

摘要翻译： 一种用于内燃机的气缸识别装置，包括旋转信号发生器，测量装置，计算装置和识别装置。 旋转信号发生器与发动机的旋转同步地产生具有第一位置脉冲的信号，每个位置脉冲对应于发动机的多个气缸中的一个，以及对应于特定气缸的第二位置脉冲。 测量装置测量每个相邻脉冲的开始之间的时间段以及表示每个脉冲的宽度的时间段。 然后，计算装置计算表示脉冲宽度的每个时间周期与表示每个连续脉冲开始之间的时间的时间段的对应时间段的比率。 然后将这些比率归一化。 识别装置然后通过将归一化值与参考值进行比较来识别其中一个气缸，然后能够识别其它气缸，因为气缸的顺序是已知的。