公开(公告)号：US20210070993A1

公开(公告)日：2021-03-11

申请号：US16946622

申请日：2020-06-30

Applicant: Xerox Corporation

Inventor： Valerie M. Farrugia ,  Cristina Resetco ,  Michael S. Hawkins ,  Shivanthi Easwari Sriskandha ,  Robert Claridge ,  Carolyn Patricia Moorlag

IPC: C08L77/06 ,  C08L83/04 ,  C08L75/08 ,  C08L67/03 ,  C08L23/12

Abstract: Thermoplastic polymer particles can be produced that comprise a thermoplastic polymer and an emulsion stabilizer (e.g., nanoparticles and/or surfactant) associated with an outer surface of the particles. The nanoparticles may be embedded in the outer surface of the particles. Melt emulsification can be used to produce said particles. For example, a method may include: mixing a mixture comprising a thermoplastic polymer, an carrier fluid that is immiscible with the thermoplastic polymer, and the emulsion stabilizer at a temperature greater than a melting point or softening temperature of the thermoplastic polymer and at a shear rate sufficiently high to disperse the thermoplastic polymer in the carrier fluid; cooling the mixture to below the melting point or softening temperature of the thermoplastic polymer to form the thermoplastic polymer particles; and separating the thermoplastic polymer particles from the carrier fluid.

公开(公告)号：US20210070953A1

公开(公告)日：2021-03-11

申请号：US16946626

申请日：2020-06-30

Applicant: Xerox Corporation

Inventor： Cristina Resetco ,  Shivanthi Easwari Sriskandha ,  Edward G. Zwartz ,  Michael S. Hawkins ,  Valerie M. Farrugia

IPC: C08J7/04 ,  C08J5/00 ,  C08J3/22

Abstract: Melt emulsification may be employed to form elastomeric particulates in a narrow size range when nanoparticles are included as an emulsion stabilizer. Such processes may comprise combining a polyurethane polymer and nanoparticles with a carrier fluid at a heating temperature at or above a melting point or a softening temperature of the polyurethane polymer, applying sufficient shear to disperse the polyurethane polymer as liquefied droplets in the presence of the nanoparticles in the carrier fluid at the heating temperature, cooling the carrier fluid at least until elastomeric particulates in a solidified state form, and separating the elastomeric particulates from the carrier fluid. In the elastomeric particulates, the polyurethane polymer defines a core and an outer surface of the elastomeric particulates and the nanoparticles are associated with the outer surface. The elastomeric particulates may have a D50 of about 1 μm to about 1,000 μm.

公开(公告)号：US20200307027A1

公开(公告)日：2020-10-01

申请号：US16369359

申请日：2019-03-29

Applicant: Xerox Corporation

Inventor： Richard P. N. Veregin ,  Karen A. Moffat ,  Michael Steven Hawkins ,  Shivanthi Easwari Sriskandha

IPC: B29B7/90 ,  B33Y10/00 ,  B33Y70/00 ,  B29C64/153 ,  B29B13/06 ,  C09D11/102

Abstract: A process including providing a three-dimensional printing powder dispersion comprising a three-dimensional printing powder, an optional dispersing agent, and water; providing an emulsion of an organic polymeric additive; combining the three-dimensional printing powder dispersion and the emulsion of organic polymeric additive to form a mixture comprising the three-dimensional printing powder dispersion and the emulsion of organic polymeric additive; and drying the mixture of the three-dimensional printing powder dispersion and the emulsion of organic polymeric additive.

公开(公告)号：US20200301296A1

公开(公告)日：2020-09-24

申请号：US16355938

申请日：2019-03-18

Applicant: Xerox Corporation

Inventor： Shivanthi Easwari Sriskandha ,  Richard P N Veregin ,  Edward G. Zwartz ,  Michael S. Hawkins

IPC: G03G9/08 ,  G03G9/093

Abstract: Described herein is a method for manufacturing a low gloss toner. The method includes mixing a resin, a colorant and an optional wax in water to form an emulsion. The emulsion is heated in the presence of a polyion coagulant to form a plurality of aggregated particles, wherein the heating is to a temperature of below the glass transition temperature of the resin. Trisodium citrate dihydrate is added to the heated emulsion in amount of from 0.4 weight percent to about 1.0 percent by weight based on of a total weight of reagents while stirring, wherein the trisodium citrate dihydrate. The aggregated particles are heated to a temperature above the glass transition temperature of the resin to form toner particles have a volume average particle diameter of from 4.3 microns to 4.9 microns.

公开(公告)号：US12060461B2

公开(公告)日：2024-08-13

申请号：US17321823

申请日：2021-05-17

Applicant: Xerox Corporation

Inventor： Valerie M. Farrugia ,  Shivanthi Easwari Sriskandha

IPC: C09D11/52 ,  B29C64/153 ,  B33Y10/00 ,  B33Y70/00 ,  C08G83/00 ,  C08K3/04 ,  C08L77/00 ,  C08L77/02 ,  C08L77/06 ,  C09D177/00

CPC classification number: C08G83/001 ,  B29C64/153 ,  B33Y10/00 ,  B33Y70/00 ,  C08K3/041 ,  C08L77/02 ,  C08L77/06 ,  C08K2201/003 ,  C08K2201/011

Abstract: A nonlimiting example method of forming highly spherical carbon nanomaterial-graft-polyamide (CNM-g-polyamide) polymer particles may comprising: mixing a mixture comprising: (a) carbon nanomaterial-graft-polyamide (CNM-g-polyamide), wherein the CNM-g-polyamide particles comprises: a polyamide grafted to a carbon nanomaterial, (b) a carrier fluid that is immiscible with the polyamide of the CNM-g-polyamide, optionally (c) a thermoplastic polymer not grafted to a CNM, and optionally (d) an emulsion stabilizer at a temperature greater than a melting point or softening temperature of the polyamide of the CNM-g-polyamide and the thermoplastic polymer, when included, and at a shear rate sufficiently high to disperse the CNM-g-polyamide in the carrier fluid; cooling the mixture to below the melting point or softening temperature to form CNM-g-polyamide particles; and separating the CNM-g-polyamide particles from the carrier fluid.

公开(公告)号：US20240116858A1

公开(公告)日：2024-04-11

申请号：US17946001

申请日：2022-09-15

Applicant: XEROX CORPORATION

Inventor： Valerie M. Farrugia ,  Shivanthi Easwari Sriskandha ,  Matthew A. Heuft

IPC: C07C309/42

CPC classification number: C07C309/42

Abstract: A structured organic film (SOF) is disclosed. The structured organic film includes a plurality of segments, a plurality of linkers, and a plurality of capping segments. The structured organic film also includes a first surface of the SOF. The film also includes a parallel second surface of the SOF connected to the first surface by a thickness of the SOF, where a segment to capping segment ratio is greater at the first surface as compared to the parallel second surface. A membrane including a free-standing film comprised of a structured organic film is also disclosed.

公开(公告)号：US20240115975A1

公开(公告)日：2024-04-11

申请号：US17946003

申请日：2022-09-15

Applicant: XEROX CORPORATION

Inventor： Valerie M. Farrugia ,  Shivanthi Easwari Sriskandha ,  Matthew A. Heuft

IPC: B01D15/36 ,  B01D69/10 ,  B01J47/12

CPC classification number: B01D15/363 ,  B01D15/361 ,  B01D69/10 ,  B01J47/12

Abstract: A structured organic film (SOF) is disclosed. The structured organic film also includes a plurality of segments, a plurality of linkers, and optionally a plurality of capping segments, where at least one or more capping segments may include at least one anionic species. Implementations of the structured organic film (SOF) include where all of the plurality of linkers are bonded to the plurality of segments. A concentration of ionic capping segments in the SOF is from about 0.1 to about 5.0 molar equivalents of ionic capping segments as compared to a concentration of nonionic segments in the SOF. At least one of the plurality of capping segments may include a hydroxysulfonic acid, a hydroxysulfinic acid, or a combination thereof. The structured organic film (SOF) has an ion exchange capacity (IEC) of from about 0.25 meq/g to about 5.00 meq/g.

公开(公告)号：US11866562B2

公开(公告)日：2024-01-09

申请号：US16946626

申请日：2020-06-30

Applicant: Xerox Corporation

Inventor： Cristina Resetco ,  Shivanthi Easwari Sriskandha ,  Edward G. Zwartz ,  Michael S. Hawkins ,  Valerie M. Farrugia

IPC: C08J7/04 ,  C08J3/22 ,  C08J5/00

CPC classification number: C08J7/04 ,  C08J3/226 ,  C08J5/005 ,  C08J2375/04 ,  C08J2483/04

Abstract: Melt emulsification may be employed to form elastomeric particulates in a narrow size range when nanoparticles are included as an emulsion stabilizer. Such processes may comprise combining a polyurethane polymer and nanoparticles with a carrier fluid at a heating temperature at or above a melting point or a softening temperature of the polyurethane polymer, applying sufficient shear to disperse the polyurethane polymer as liquefied droplets in the presence of the nanoparticles in the carrier fluid at the heating temperature, cooling the carrier fluid at least until elastomeric particulates in a solidified state form, and separating the elastomeric particulates from the carrier fluid. In the elastomeric particulates, the polyurethane polymer defines a core and an outer surface of the elastomeric particulates and the nanoparticles are associated with the outer surface. The elastomeric particulates may have a D50 of about 1 μm to about 1,000 μm.

公开(公告)号：US11859103B2

公开(公告)日：2024-01-02

申请号：US17484038

申请日：2021-09-24

Applicant: Xerox Corporation

Inventor： Shivanthi Easwari Sriskandha ,  Valerie M. Farrugia

IPC: C09D5/03 ,  C09D183/04 ,  B33Y10/00 ,  B33Y70/00 ,  B29C64/153 ,  B29K23/00

CPC classification number: C09D5/033 ,  B29C64/153 ,  B33Y10/00 ,  B33Y70/00 ,  C09D5/031 ,  C09D183/04 ,  B29K2023/12 ,  B29K2995/0063

Abstract: Polymer particles that comprise a thermoplastic polymer and a nucleating agent may be useful in additive manufacturing methods where warping may be mitigated. For example, a method of producing said polymer particles may comprise: mixing a mixture comprising a thermoplastic polymer, a nucleating agent, a carrier fluid, and optionally an emulsion stabilizer at a temperature at or greater than a melting point or softening temperature of the thermoplastic polymer to emulsify a thermoplastic polymer melt in the carrier fluid; cooling the mixture to form polymer particles; and separating the polymer particles from the carrier fluid, wherein the polymer particles comprise the thermoplastic polymer, the nucleating agent, the emulsion stabilizer, if included, and wherein the polymer particles have a crystallization temperature that is substantially the same as a crystallization temperature of the thermoplastic polymer prior to mixing.

公开(公告)号：US11667788B2

公开(公告)日：2023-06-06

申请号：US16946625

申请日：2020-06-30

Applicant: Xerox Corporation

Inventor： Robert Claridge ,  Cristina Resetco ,  Shivanthi Easwari Sriskandha ,  Valerie M. Farrugia ,  Edward G. Zwartz

IPC: C08L75/04 ,  C08K3/36 ,  B29C64/153 ,  B33Y30/00 ,  B33Y70/00 ,  B29K75/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C08K5/42

CPC classification number: C08L75/04 ,  B29C64/153 ,  C08K3/36 ,  B29K2075/00 ,  B33Y30/00 ,  B33Y70/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C08K5/42 ,  C08K2201/005

Abstract: Melt emulsification may be employed to form elastomeric particulates in a narrow size range when nanoparticles and a sulfonate surfactant are included as emulsion stabilizers. Such processes may comprise combining a polyurethane polymer, a sulfonate surfactant, and nanoparticles with a carrier fluid at a heating temperature at or above a melting point or softening temperature of the polyurethane polymer, applying sufficient shear to disperse the polyurethane polymer as liquefied droplets in the presence of the nanoparticles in the carrier fluid at the heating temperature, cooling the carrier fluid at least until elastomeric particulates in a solidified state form, and separating the elastomeric particulates from the carrier fluid. The polyurethane polymer defines a core and an outer surface of the elastomeric particulates, and the nanoparticles are associated with the outer surface. The elastomeric particulates may have a span of about 0.9 or less.