摘要:
The use of catalytically effective amounts of a specific organotin compound and a specific amine compound in the production of polyurethanes by reacting an at least partially blocked isocyanate compound with an active hydrogen-containing compound significantly lowers the baking temperature and gives cured coatings with a smooth surface and good performance.
摘要:
A surface position detecting apparatus comprises a light-sending optical system which makes first light from a first pattern and second light from a second pattern incident at different incidence angles to a predetermined surface to project an intermediate image of the first pattern and an intermediate image of the second pattern onto the predetermined surface; a light-receiving optical system which guides the first light and the second light reflected on the predetermined surface, to a first observation surface and to a second observation surface, respectively, to form an observation image of the first pattern on the first observation surface and an observation image of the second pattern on the second observation surface; and a detecting section which detects position information of the observation image of the first pattern on the first observation surface and position information of the observation image of the second pattern on the second observation surface and which calculates a surface position of the predetermined surface, based on the position information of the observation image of the first pattern and the position information of the observation image of the second pattern.
摘要:
A light-emitting device of the present invention includes: a LED chip 10; a chip mounting member 70 having a conductive plate (heat transfer plate) 71 one surface side of which the LED chip 10 is mounted on and a conductor patterns 73, 73 which is formed on the one surface side of the conductive plate 71 through an insulating part 72 and electrically connected to the LED chip 10; and a sheet-shaped connecting member 80 disposed on the other surface side of the conductive plate 71 to connect the conductive plate 71 to a body of the luminaire 90 which is a metal member for holding the chip mounting member 70. The connecting member 80 is made of a resin sheet which includes a filler and whose viscosity is reduced by heating, and the connecting member 80 has an electrical insulating property and thermally connects the conductive plate 71 and the body 90 of the luminaire to each other.
摘要:
Zinc pyrithione and copper pyrithione are highly evaluated in the market as an antidandruff agent for shampoo, or an antifouling agent for ship bottom paint and fish-farming net, or an antibacterial/antifungal agent or preservative/mildewcide for industrial products and household articles. For enhancing the market value thereof, there has been a demand for a product that not only attains an increase in conventional antibacterial/antifungal effects but also exhibits novel bioactive effects and that achieves improvement with respect to problems and drawbacks relating to properties, such as solubility in seawater, and stability, such as thermal stability and weather resistance, of polymer materials. There is provided a novel pyrithione complex compound obtained by converting the conventional pyrithione metal salt to a complex compound with an oxide or hydroxide of metal such as zinc, copper or aluminum. As compared with the conventional pyrithione metal salt, this complex compound exhibits superior antibacterial/antifungal effects, newly realizes a hair-regrowing effect and successfully attains improvement with respect to the solubility in seawater and thermal stability/weather resistance of polymer materials.
摘要:
In subroutine 201 and step 205, a best image-forming plane of a projection optical system and an offset component of a multipoint AF system are detected as calibration information. During measurement of a wafer alignment mark by an alignment system in step 215, the multipoint AF system detects information related to a surface shape of a surface subject to exposure of a wafer (Z map). In step 219, a Z position order profile regarding position order (Z, θx, θy) related to autofocus leveling control is made, along with an XY position order profile of a wafer stage during scanning exposure, and in step 221, scanning exposure is performed while performing open control based on the position order.
摘要:
The position of a movable stage is detected without increasing cost or the size of apparatus. An apparatus comprises movable stages (WST, MST) that move along a plane of motion (12a); and a position-detection apparatus that detects the positions of the movable stages (WST, MST) with beams (B1 to B3). The apparatus further comprises driving apparatuses (82, 84) that drives the movable stages (WST, MST); follow-up optical members (30 to 33) which are provided on the driving apparatuses (81, 84) and cause the beams (B1 to B3) to follow the movable stages (WST, MST) as the movable stages (WST, MST) move; and first optical members (34 to 39) which are provided on the movable stages (WST, MST) and are optically coupled with the follow-up optical members (30 to 33).
摘要:
A toner for electrostatic image development, containing a resin binder comprising a polyester having a softening point of from 125° to 160° C.; a releasing agent containing a paraffin wax having a melting point of from 70° to 90° C. and a penetration at 25° C. of from 4 to 10, wherein the n(normal)-paraffin is contained in an amount of 82 to 92% by weight of the paraffin wax; and a colorant. The toner for electrostatic image development of the present invention can be used, for example in electrophotography, electrostatic recording method, electrostatic printing method or the like.
摘要:
A toner for electrophotography including a binder resin, a colorant, and a reinforcing agent, the toner being characterized in that the reinforcing agent is resin particles comprising a core layer coated with a vinyl polymer having a glass transition temperature of 50.degree. C. or more, the core layer comprising an acrylic acid ester copolymer and/or a methacrylic acid ester copolymer having a glass transition temperature of 0.degree. C. or less, or a diene copolymer having a glass transition temperature of 0.degree. C. or less; a reinforcing agent for toner including the above resin particles; and in a method for forming fixed images by utilizing a nonmagnetic one-component developing method employing a developer device including a developer roller and a blade, the blade serving to regulate a thickness of a toner layer formed on the developer roller and to supply electric charges to the toner, the method for forming fixed images being characterized by the use of the above toner for electrophotography.
摘要:
A nonmagnetic one-component toner is produced by the steps of applying inorganic fine particles having an average particle diameter of not less than 30 nm and less than 100 nm to the surface of the toner having a binder resin and a colorant; and removing agglomerations of the inorganic fine particles remaining unadhered on the toner surface using a cyclone in a gas stream. The inorganic fine particles used in the present invention have a particle diameter in suitable ranges, so that the resulting toner can have suitable powder fluidity, and that these inorganic fine particles are less likely to be embedded into the inner portion of the toner by the nip pressure exerted by such members as the charging blade. Therefore, by using the toner of the present invention, a nonmagnetic one-component developing system with small variations in image density and image quality after continuous copying can be provided.