公开(公告)号：US4995726A

公开(公告)日：1991-02-26

申请号：US412164

申请日：1989-09-25

Applicant: Kazuhiko Fujita ,  Yoshinori Bessho

Inventor： Kazuhiko Fujita ,  Yoshinori Bessho

IPC: G01B9/02 ,  G01B11/24 ,  G01J9/04

CPC classification number: G01J9/04 ,  G01B11/2441 ,  G01B9/02003 ,  G01B9/02069 ,  G01B2290/45 ,  G01B2290/70

Abstract: The surface profile measuring device utilizing optical heterodyne interference comprising a laser source for emitting a laser beam, an object lens for converging the laser beam on the surface of an object to be measured, the laser beam being reflected from the surface of the object while provided with information on a surface profile of the object, an optical heterodyne interference device for allowing the reflected beam to interfere with a reference beam having a frequency different from that of the reflected beam to generate beat signals having the information on the surface profile of the object, a circuit for measuring the surface profile of the object on the basis of phase variation of the beat signals, a driving device including a piezoelectric element for relatively moving one of the object lens and the object to be measured in the direction of the optical axis of the laser beam incident on the surface, and a control device for controlling the driving device on the basis of the phase difference or amplitude ratio between the beat signals so that the surface of the object is disposed substantially at a focusing position of the object lens.

Abstract translation: 使用光学外差干涉的表面轮廓测量装置，包括用于发射激光束的激光源，用于将激光束会聚在待测物体的表面上的激光束，激光束从物体的表面反射，同时提供 具有关于对象的表面轮廓的信息，用于允许反射光束干扰具有与反射光束的频率不同的频率的参考光束的光学外差干涉装置，以产生具有关于对象的表面轮廓的信息的节拍信号 基于拍频信号的相位变化来测量物体的表面轮廓的电路，包括用于在物镜的光轴方向上相对移动物镜和待测物体的压电元件的驱动装置 入射在表面上的激光束，以及用于基于该控制装置控制驱动装置的控制装置 拍子信号之间的相位差或振幅比，使得物体的表面基本上设置在物镜的聚焦位置。

公开(公告)号：US4973853A

公开(公告)日：1990-11-27

申请号：US386383

申请日：1989-07-28

Applicant: Donald A. Leonard ,  Harold E. Sweeney

Inventor： Donald A. Leonard ,  Harold E. Sweeney

IPC: G01J5/00 ,  G01J9/04 ,  G01K11/00 ,  G01K11/12 ,  G01N21/63

CPC classification number: G01J5/08 ,  G01J5/00 ,  G01J5/0037 ,  G01J5/007 ,  G01J5/0896 ,  G01K11/00 ,  G01K11/12 ,  G01J3/4412 ,  G01J9/04 ,  G01N2021/638

Abstract: Apparatus for measuring the unknown subsurface temperature T.sub.s of a bulk transparent medium such as ocean water comprises a pulsed laser having a high intensity (power per unit area) output beam split into two sub-beams, one of which is a probe beam directed into the ocean water. The intensity of the output beam pulses exceeds a predetermined threshold sufficient to cause stimulated Brillouin scattering within the medium and to produce therefrom a phase-conjugate beam which propagates along the path of the first sub-beam but in the opposite direction. The second sub-beam is reflected by a mirror to and combines with the PC beam and the combined beams are mixed at the cathode of a photodetector which produces a heterodyne frequency that is proportional to the temperature T.sub.s. A frequency measuring instrument converts the heterodyne frequency into a temperature value equal to T.sub.s.

Abstract translation: 用于测量大量透明介质（例如海洋水）的未知地下温度Ts的装置包括具有高强度（每单位面积功率的）输出光束的脉冲激光，其分为两个子光束，其中之一是被引导到 海水。 输出光束脉冲的强度超过足以在介质内引起受激布里渊散射并由此产生沿着第一子光束的路径而沿相反方向传播的相位共轭光束的预定阈值。 第二子光束由反射镜反射并与PC光束组合，并且组合的光束在产生与温度Ts成比例的外差频率的光电检测器的阴极处混合。 频率测量仪将外差频率转换成等于Ts的温度值。

公开(公告)号：US4940331A

公开(公告)日：1990-07-10

申请号：US249816

申请日：1988-09-27

Applicant: Richard W. Wyeth ,  Michael A. Johnson ,  Michael A. Globig

Inventor： Richard W. Wyeth ,  Michael A. Johnson ,  Michael A. Globig

IPC: G01J9/04

CPC classification number: G01J9/04

Abstract: A heterodyne laser instantaneous frequency measurement system is disclosed. The system utilizes heterodyning of a pulsed laser beam with a continuous wave laser beam to form a beat signal. The beat signal is processed by a controller or computer which determines both the average frequency of the laser pulse and any changes or chirp of the frequency during the pulse.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种外差激光瞬时频率测量系统。 该系统利用脉冲激光束与连续波激光束的外差来形成拍频信号。 节拍信号由控制器或计算机处理，该控制器或计算机确定脉冲期间激光脉冲的平均频率和频率的任何变化或啁啾。

公开(公告)号：US4918491A

公开(公告)日：1990-04-17

申请号：US211452

申请日：1988-06-24

Applicant: Yoji Sonobe

Inventor： Yoji Sonobe

IPC: G01J9/00 ,  G01J3/30 ,  G01J9/04

CPC classification number: G01J9/04

Abstract: A measurement beam emitted from a laser diode is split into two beams by a beam splitter, and one of the two beams is guided to a first port of an acoustic optical element. When a high-frequency signal is applied from a diffraction controller to a piezoelectric transducer, the split beam input into the acoustic optical element from the first port is diffracted and frequency-shifted and output from a second port. If the high-frequency signal is not applied, the input beam rectilinearly propagates without diffracting and is output from a third port. This output beam is guided to a fourth port through an optical fiber. The beam input from the fourth port rectilinearly propagates and is output from the second port. The beam output from the second port is mixed with the other measurement beams split by the beam splitter to be converted to an electrical signal. The electrical signal is analyzed by a spectrum analyzer. When the high-frequency signal is applied to the piezoelectric transducer, measurement using optical heterodyne spectroscopy is performed, and when the high-frequency signal is not applied, measurement using optical homodyne spectroscopy is performed.

公开(公告)号：US4912526A

公开(公告)日：1990-03-27

申请号：US293020

申请日：1989-01-03

Applicant: Hideto Iwaoka ,  Akira Ohte ,  Koji Akiyama

Inventor： Hideto Iwaoka ,  Akira Ohte ,  Koji Akiyama

IPC: G01J3/28 ,  G01J9/04 ,  G02F1/11 ,  G02F2/00 ,  H01S3/13 ,  H01S5/0687 ,  H04B10/50 ,  H04B10/572

CPC classification number: H01S5/0687 ,  G02F1/11 ,  G02F2/002 ,  H04B10/50 ,  H04B10/506 ,  H04B10/572 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J9/04 ,  H01S3/1303

Abstract: An optical frequency synthesizer and/or sweeper, whereby a coherent optical output light is obtained by using a wavelength stabilized laser and an optical phase locked loop wherein the frequency of the output has the characteristics of high accuracy, high stability and narrow spectral line width. The optical phase locked loop comprises a tunable laser, an optical frequency multiplier, an optical frequency shifter and an optical heterodyne detector, wherein the optical phase locked loop is capable of precisely outputting an arbitrary wavelength by feeding back an output optical frequency.

公开(公告)号：US4905244A

公开(公告)日：1990-02-27

申请号：US207996

申请日：1988-06-15

Applicant: Richard W. Wyeth ,  Jeffrey A. Paisner ,  Thomas Story

Inventor： Richard W. Wyeth ,  Jeffrey A. Paisner ,  Thomas Story

IPC: G01J9/04 ,  H01S3/139

CPC classification number: H01S3/1394 ,  G01J9/04

Abstract: A heterodyne laser spectroscopy system utilizes laser heterodyne techniques for purposes of laser isotope separation spectroscopy, vapor diagnostics, processing of precise laser frequency offsets from a reference frequency, and provides spectral analysis of a laser beam.

Abstract translation: 外差激光光谱系统利用激光外差技术用于激光同位素分离光谱，蒸汽诊断，从参考频率处理精确的激光频率偏移，并提供激光束的光谱分析。

公开(公告)号：US4893353A

公开(公告)日：1990-01-09

申请号：US942448

申请日：1986-12-16

Applicant: Hideto Iwaoka ,  Akira Ohte ,  Koji Akiyama

Inventor： Hideto Iwaoka ,  Akira Ohte ,  Koji Akiyama

IPC: G01J3/28 ,  G01J9/04 ,  G02F1/11 ,  G02F2/00 ,  H01S3/13 ,  H01S5/0687 ,  H04B10/50 ,  H04B10/572 ,  H04B9/00

CPC classification number: H01S5/0687 ,  G02F1/11 ,  G02F2/002 ,  H04B10/50 ,  H04B10/506 ,  H04B10/572 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J9/04 ,  H01S3/1303

Abstract: An optical frequency synthesizer and/or sweeper, whereby a coherent optical output light is obtained by using a wavelength stabilized laser and an optical phase locked loop wherein the frequency of the output has the characteristics of high accuracy, high stability and narrow spectral line width. The optical phase locked loop comprises a tunable laser, an optical frequency multiplier, an optical frequency shifter and an optical heterodyne detector, wherein the optical phase locked loop is capable of precisely outputting an arbitrary wavelength by feeding back an output optical frequency.

Abstract translation: 一种光频合成器和/或清扫器，由此通过使用波长稳定的激光器和光锁相环获得相干光输出光，其中输出的频率具有高精度，高稳定性和窄谱线宽度的特性。 光锁相环包括可调激光器，光倍增器，光移频器和光外差检测器，其中光锁相环能够通过反馈输出光频率来精确地输出任意波长。

公开(公告)号：US4820047A

公开(公告)日：1989-04-11

申请号：US136919

申请日：1987-12-22

Applicant: James J. Snyder

Inventor： James J. Snyder

IPC: G01J1/42 ,  G01J9/04 ,  G01N21/47 ,  G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G01J1/4257 ,  G01J9/04 ,  G01N21/4738

Abstract: A detection system is provided which has a very wide linear dynamic range (for a typical laser, fifteen orders of magnitude), as well as a high sensitivity (shot noise limited), high angular resolution (diffraction limited), and which is also polarization resolving. The apparatus is used for measuring optical power, and includes a system for producing two optical beams such that at some point and thereafter along an optical path of the beams, a frequency difference exists between the two beams, with one of the two beams having a known or constant optical power, and the other of the two beams being the beam whose power is to be measured. Also included is a combining element for coherently combining the two optical beams. An optical detection system receives the combined two optical beams, and in response thereto provides an electrical signal that is modulated at the difference frequency of the optical fields of the two optical beams, the electrical signal being functionally related to the heterodyne product of the two fields. An electrical power detector is then used for measuring the electrical power of the electrical signal. Several embodiments are described which use the basic power measuring system to characterize optical filters, to measure optical density of photographic plates, to measure BRDF and BTDF, and to provide a well calibrated laser radiation source which is particularly well suited for very low power applications.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种检测系统，其具有非常宽的线性动态范围（对于典型的激光，十五个数量级）以及高灵敏度（喷射噪声限制），高角度分辨率（衍射限制）），并且其也是极化 解决 该装置用于测量光功率，并且包括用于产生两个光束的系统，使得在某一点然后沿着光束的光路，两个光束之间存在频差，其中两个光束中的一个具有 已知或恒定的光功率，并且两个光束中的另一个是要测量功率的光束。 还包括用于相干组合两个光束的组合元件。 光学检测系统接收组合的两个光束，并且响应于此提供在两个光束的光场的差分频率处被调制的电信号，电信号在功能上与两个场的外差积相关 。 然后使用电力检测器来测量电信号的电功率。 描述了几个实施例，其使用基本功率测量系统来表征滤光器，测量照相板的光密度，测量BRDF和BTDF，以及提供非常适合于非常低功率应用的良好校准的激光辐射源。

公开(公告)号：US4790656A

公开(公告)日：1988-12-13

申请号：US42622

申请日：1987-04-23

Applicant: Takashige Tsukishima

Inventor： Takashige Tsukishima

IPC: H04B10/61 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/44 ,  G01J9/04 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N21/3581 ,  G01R23/17 ,  H04B10/00 ,  H04B10/2507 ,  H04B10/516 ,  G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G01J3/4412 ,  G01R23/17

Abstract: After being modulated by a coherent local light beam, an asymmetric signal is applied to two homodyne detectors with an adjustable spacing therebetween, and the local coherent light beam is applied to the two homodyne detectors with a phase difference corresponding to said spacing.

Abstract translation: 在通过相干局部光束调制之后，将不对称信号施加到两个零差检测器之间，其间具有可调节的间隔，并且将局部相干光束以对应于所述间隔的相位差施加到两个零差检测器。

公开(公告)号：US4764013A

公开(公告)日：1988-08-16

申请号：US28987

申请日：1987-03-23

Applicant: Roger G. Johnston

Inventor： Roger G. Johnston

IPC: G01J9/02 ,  G01J9/04 ,  G01N15/02 ,  G01N15/14 ,  G01N21/21 ,  G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G01N15/0205 ,  G01J2009/0207 ,  G01J9/04 ,  G01N15/0211 ,  G01N15/14 ,  G01N2021/4792 ,  G01N21/21

Abstract: Interferometric apparatus and method for detection and characterization of particles using light scattered therefrom. Differential phase measurements on scattered light from particles are possible using the two-frequency Zeeman effect laser which emits two frequencies of radiation 250 kHz apart. Excellent discrimination and reproducibility for various pure pollen and bacterial samples in suspension have been observed with a single polarization element. Additionally, a 250 kHz beat frequency was recorded from an individual particle traversing the focused output from the laser in a flow cytometer.

Abstract translation: 用于使用从其散射的光来检测和表征颗粒的干涉仪和方法。 使用双频塞曼效应激光器发射来自粒子的散射光的差分相位测量是可能的，其发射两个频率为250kHz的两个频率。 已经用单一的偏振元件观察到各种纯粹的花粉和细菌样品在悬浮液中的极好的辨别和再现性。 另外，在流式细胞仪中从穿过激光的聚焦输出的单个粒子记录250kHz拍频。