公开(公告)号：US20100107675A1

公开(公告)日：2010-05-06

申请号：US12520938

申请日：2006-12-26

Applicant: Alexander Lifson ,  Michael F. Taras

Inventor： Alexander Lifson ,  Michael F. Taras

IPC: F25D21/14 ,  F25B39/02

CPC classification number: F28F17/005 ,  F24F1/0059 ,  F24F13/222 ,  F25B39/02 ,  F25D21/14 ,  F28D1/05316 ,  F28D1/05383 ,  F28F1/32 ,  F28F13/06

Abstract: A heat exchanger includes an arrangement of refrigerant conveying heat exchange tubes and associated heat transfer fins and has an airflow inlet and an airflow outlet. A plurality of inlet guide vanes is disposed slightly upstream of the airflow inlet to the heat exchange tube arrangement so as to route incoming airflow through the heat exchange tube arrangement along a desired direction, in relation to the heat exchange tubes and associated fins, so as to improve drainage of accumulated condensate from the external surfaces of the heat exchange tubes and to enhance shedding of condensate from the surfaces of the heat transfer fins. Also, a plurality of outlet guide vanes can be disposed slightly downstream of the airflow outlet from the heat exchange tube arrangement.

Abstract translation: 热交换器包括输送热交换管和相关联的传热翅片的制冷剂的布置，并且具有气流入口和气流出口。 多个入口引导叶片设置在热交换管装置的气流入口的稍上游，以便相对于热交换管和相关联的翅片沿着所需方向将进入的气流引导通过热交换管装置，以便 改善来自热交换管的外表面的积聚的冷凝物的排水，并且增强从传热翅片的表面脱落冷凝物。 此外，多个出口导向叶片可以布置在来自热交换管装置的气流出口的稍微下游。

公开(公告)号：US20100095688A1

公开(公告)日：2010-04-22

申请号：US12443860

申请日：2006-12-15

Applicant: Michael F. Taras ,  Alexander Lifson

Inventor： Michael F. Taras ,  Alexander Lifson

IPC: F25B1/00

CPC classification number: F28D1/05391 ,  F25B39/00 ,  F25B43/00 ,  F25B2339/0444 ,  F25B2400/04 ,  F28D2021/007

Abstract: A method and apparatus are presented to ensure adequate distribution of a two-phase refrigerant flowing through a plurality of heat transfer tubes of a parallel flow heat exchanger in a generally parallel manner. In several embodiments of this invention, predominantly single-phase refrigerant (liquid for condensers and vapor for evaporators) is tapped and delivered downstream to a location where a predominantly single-phase refrigerant phase is already present, bypassing at least some of the heat transfer tubes. In this manner, the remaining single-phase refrigerant (vapor for condensers and liquid for evaporators) flowing through the heat exchanger core is uniformly distributed amongst a plurality of heat transfer tubes in the next downstream pass.

Abstract translation: 提出了一种方法和装置，以确保以大致平行的方式流过并联式热交换器的多个传热管的两相制冷剂的充分分配。 在本发明的几个实施例中，主要是单相制冷剂（用于冷凝器的液体和用于蒸发器的蒸气）被抽吸并在下游传送到已经存在主要单相制冷剂相的位置，绕过至少一些传热管 。 以这种方式，流过热交换器芯的剩余的单相制冷剂（用于冷凝器的蒸气和用于蒸发器的液体）在下一个下游通道中均匀分布在多个传热管之间。

公开(公告)号：US20100092306A1

公开(公告)日：2010-04-15

申请号：US12530486

申请日：2007-03-13

Applicant: Alexander Lifson ,  Jason Scarcella

Inventor： Alexander Lifson ,  Jason Scarcella

IPC: F04B49/00

CPC classification number: F04C18/0215 ,  F04C23/008 ,  F04C28/06 ,  F04C29/045

Abstract: In a method of operating a compressor at startup, the compressor is rotated in reverse for a brief period of time. The compressor is of a type that does not compress liquid when rotated in reverse. The purpose is to boil off the liquid refrigerant from the oil by heating and agitating the mixture of oil and refrigerant in the oil sump. This results in a much more benign forward start as less refrigerant is drawn into the compressor pump and the amount of oil pumped out of the compressor on start up is minimized. Also, the viscosity of oil is increased and lubrication of the bearings is improved. After a short period of time reverse rotation is stopped and the compressor can start rotating in the forward direction. The short period of time of reverse rotation is varied based upon system conditions. In one embodiment, the variation can occur by reducing the reverse run time as ambient temperature increases. In another embodiment, electrical conditions such as incoming voltage and/or a ratio of voltage to frequency can be utilized to change the reverse run time.

Abstract translation: 在启动时操作压缩机的方法中，压缩机反向旋转短时间。 压缩机是反向旋转时不会压缩液体的类型。 目的是通过加热和搅拌油底壳中的油和制冷剂的混合物来从油中清除液体制冷剂。 这导致更加良性的正向启动，因为较少的制冷剂被吸入到压缩机泵中，并且在起动时从压缩机中泵出的油的量被最小化。 此外，油的粘度增加，轴承的润滑性提高。 在短时间之后，反转停止，压缩机可以向前方开始旋转。 反向旋转的短时间段根据系统条件而变化。 在一个实施例中，通过在环境温度升高时减少反向运行时间可以发生变化。 在另一个实施例中，可以利用诸如输入电压和/或电压与频率之比的电气条件来改变反向运行时间。

公开(公告)号：US20100083677A1

公开(公告)日：2010-04-08

申请号：US12527625

申请日：2007-02-26

Applicant: Alexander Lifson ,  Michael F. Taras

Inventor： Alexander Lifson ,  Michael F. Taras

IPC: F25B1/00 ,  F25B1/10 ,  F25B41/00

CPC classification number: F25B1/10 ,  F25B9/06 ,  F25B2400/13

Abstract: A refrigerant system utilizes an expander, where at least partially expanded refrigerant portion is tapped at the intermediate expansion point and passed through an economizer heat exchanger. In the economizer heat exchanger, the tapped refrigerant further cools refrigerant in a main liquid line. The present invention eliminates the need for a separate dedicated economizer circuit expansion throttling device, by utilizing a single expander to provide this expansion function. This invention also allows for the recovery of the expansion work, otherwise lost in the economizer expansion throttling device. System capacity and efficiency are improved by providing additional thermal potential for the refrigerant expanded (partially or fully) in the expander during more efficient isentropic process. In various embodiments, there may be more than a single economizer circuit, with each of said economizer circuits receiving the tapped refrigerant portions from the expander at different intermediate expansion points.

Abstract translation: 制冷剂系统利用膨胀器，其中至少部分膨胀的制冷剂部分在中间膨胀点被攻丝并通过节能器热交换器。 在节能器热交换器中，抽头制冷剂进一步冷却主液体管线中的制冷剂。 本发明通过利用单个扩展器来提供这种扩展功能而消除了单独的专用节能器电路膨胀节流装置的需要。 本发明还允许恢复膨胀工作，否则损失在节能器膨胀节流装置中。 通过在更有效的等熵过程中为扩张器膨胀（部分或全部）的制冷剂提供额外的热电位，来提高系统容量和效率。 在各种实施例中，可以有多于一个节能器电路，其中每个所述节能器回路在不同的中间膨胀点处从膨胀器接收抽头的制冷剂部分。

公开(公告)号：US20100077777A1

公开(公告)日：2010-04-01

申请号：US12446890

申请日：2006-10-27

Applicant: Alexander Lifson ,  Michael F. Taras

Inventor： Alexander Lifson ,  Michael F. Taras

IPC: F25B5/00 ,  F25B1/10 ,  F25B41/00

CPC classification number: F25B9/008 ,  F25B1/10 ,  F25B9/06 ,  F25B2309/061 ,  F25B2400/02 ,  F25B2400/04 ,  F25B2400/0409 ,  F25B2400/13

Abstract: A refrigerant vapor compression system includes a compression device, a heat rejecting heat exchanger, an economizer heat exchanger, an expander and an evaporator disposed in a refrigerant circuit. An evaporator bypass line is provided for passing a portion of the refrigerant flow from the main refrigerant circuit after having traversed a first pass of the economizer heat exchanger through the expander to partially expand it to an intermediate pressure and thence through a second pass of the economizer heat exchanger and into an intermediate pressure stage of the compression device. An economizer bypass line is also provided for passing a portion of the refrigerant from the main refrigerant circuit after having traversed the heat rejecting heat exchanger through a restrictor type expansion device and thence into the evaporator bypass line as liquid refrigerant or a mix of liquid and vapor refrigerant for injection into an intermediate pressure stage of the compression device. Both economizer and injection flows are mixed together prior to entering an intermediate compression point, when an economizer circuit is active. The invention allows for enhanced system performance and advanced discharge temperature control.

Abstract translation: 制冷剂蒸气压缩系统包括设置在制冷剂回路中的压缩装置，排热热交换器，节能器热交换器，膨胀器和蒸发器。 设置蒸发器旁路管线，用于在经过节能器热交换器的第一次通过膨胀器之后使来自主制冷剂回路的制冷剂流的一部分通过，以部分地将其膨胀到中间压力，并且然后经过节能器的第二次通过 热交换器并进入压缩装置的中压阶段。 还提供节能器旁路管线，用于在已经经过限流器型膨胀装置穿过排热热交换器之后将来自主制冷剂回路的一部分制冷剂通过，然后作为液体制冷剂或液体和蒸汽混合物进入蒸发器旁通管线 用于注射到压缩装置的中间压级的制冷剂。 节能器和注入流在进入中间压缩点之前，当节能器电路处于活动状态时，将其混合在一起。 本发明允许增强的系统性能和先进的放电温度控制。

公开(公告)号：US20100071407A1

公开(公告)日：2010-03-25

申请号：US12447492

申请日：2006-12-21

Applicant: Michael F. Taras ,  Alexander Lifson

Inventor： Michael F. Taras ,  Alexander Lifson

IPC: F25D17/06 ,  F25B1/10 ,  F25B41/00

CPC classification number: F25B1/10 ,  F24F3/153 ,  F25B9/008 ,  F25B2309/061 ,  F25B2400/04 ,  F25B2400/072

Abstract: A refrigerant system is provided with at least two stages of compression connected in series. An intercooler is positioned intermediate the two stages and is cooled by an indoor air stream. The intercooler is positioned to be in a path of air flow passing over an indoor heat exchanger, and preferably downstream of the indoor heat exchanger, in relation to this airflow. The intercooler cools the refrigerant flowing between the two compression stages as well as provides the reheat function. Benefits with regard to system performance (efficiency, capacity and reliability) are achieved with no additional circuitry or components required to provide the intercooler and reheat functions. This invention is particularly important for the CO2 refrigerant systems operating in the transcritical cycle. Methods of control are presented for both the intercooler and reheat functions.

Abstract translation: 制冷剂系统具有串联连接的至少两级的压缩级。 中间冷却器位于两级之间，并被室内空气流冷却。 中间冷却器被定位成相对于该气流而位于通过室内热交换器，并且优选地在室内热交换器的下游的空气流的路径中。 中间冷却器冷却在两个压缩级之间流动的制冷剂，并提供再热功能。 无需额外的电路或组件来提供中间冷却器和再加热功能，可以实现系统性能（效率，容量和可靠性）的优势。 本发明对于在跨临界循环中运行的二氧化碳制冷剂系统特别重要。 给出了中冷器和再热功能的控制方法。

公开(公告)号：US20100071391A1

公开(公告)日：2010-03-25

申请号：US12515471

申请日：2006-12-26

Applicant: Alexander Lifson ,  Michael F. Taras

Inventor： Alexander Lifson ,  Michael F. Taras

IPC: F25B1/00 ,  F25B1/10 ,  F25B41/00

CPC classification number: F25B1/10 ,  F25B9/008 ,  F25B9/06 ,  F25B2309/06 ,  F25B2309/061 ,  F25B2400/02 ,  F25B2400/075 ,  F25B2400/0751 ,  F25B2400/13 ,  F25B2600/2509

Abstract: A refrigerant system utilizes an expander that provides a more efficient expansion process and recovers at least a portion of energy from this expansion process. At least a portion of refrigerant that has been at least partially expanded in the expander is tapped and passed through an economizer heat exchanger. In the economizer heat exchanger, the tapped refrigerant cools a main circuit refrigerant increasing its thermodynamic potential. Further, a compression section is provided with at least two compressors operating in tandem and allowing for multiple stages of unloading. By selectively utilizing one or more of the tandem compressors, the economizer cycle, and the expander, the refrigerant system can achieve very efficient operation and provide enhanced control flexibility, in particular, for the CO2 refrigerant system operating in the transcritical cycle.

Abstract translation: 制冷剂系统利用提供更有效的膨胀过程并从该膨胀过程中回收至少一部分能量的膨胀器。 在膨胀机中至少部分膨胀的制冷剂的至少一部分被轻敲并通过节能器热交换器。 在节能器热交换器中，抽头的制冷剂冷却主回路制冷剂，增加其热力学势。 此外，压缩部分设置有至少两个压缩机串联操作并且允许多个卸载阶段。 通过选择性地利用串联压缩机，节能循环和膨胀器中的一个或多个，制冷剂系统可以实现非常有效的操作并且提供增强的控制灵活性，特别是对于在跨临界循环中操作的CO 2制冷剂系统。

公开(公告)号：US20100043475A1

公开(公告)日：2010-02-25

申请号：US12596846

申请日：2007-04-23

Applicant: Michael F. Taras ,  Alexander Lifson

Inventor： Michael F. Taras ,  Alexander Lifson

IPC: F25B1/00 ,  F25B6/02

CPC classification number: F25B7/00 ,  F25B1/10 ,  F25B40/00 ,  F25B40/02 ,  F25B2309/061 ,  F25B2400/074 ,  F25B2400/13 ,  F28D2021/0068 ,  F28F9/0234

Abstract: A refrigerant system, which utilizes CO2 as a refrigerant, includes a main closed-loop refrigerant circuit and a booster closed-loop refrigerant circuit. A heat accepting heat exchanger, which provides extra cooling for the refrigerant circulating through the main circuit, and thus improves refrigerant system performance, also serves as a shared component coupling the two circuits through heat transfer interaction. Various schematics and configurations for the booster circuit, which may be combined with other performance enhancement features, are disclosed. Additional benefits for economizer function, “liquid-to-suction” heat exchanger, intercooling and liquid injection are also presented. The booster circuit may also contain CO2 refrigerant.

Abstract translation: 利用CO 2作为制冷剂的制冷剂系统包括主闭环制冷剂回路和增压器闭环制冷剂回路。 对于通过主回路循环的制冷剂提供额外的冷却并因此提高制冷剂系统性能的热收缩热交换器也用作通过热传递相互作用耦合两个回路的共享部件。 公开了可以与其他性能增强特征组合的用于升压电路的各种原理图和配置。 还提供了省煤器功能，“液 - 抽”换热器，中间冷却和液体注入的附加优点。 升压回路还可以含有CO2制冷剂。

公开(公告)号：US20100031677A1

公开(公告)日：2010-02-11

申请号：US12527758

申请日：2007-03-16

Applicant: Alexander Lifson ,  Michael F. Taras

Inventor： Alexander Lifson ,  Michael F. Taras

IPC: F25B41/00 ,  F25B1/00 ,  F25B39/02

CPC classification number: F25B9/06 ,  F25B1/10 ,  F25B9/008 ,  F25B2309/061 ,  F25B2400/14 ,  F25B2600/2501

Abstract: A refrigerant system incorporates a variable capacity expander. A bypass line selectively bypasses at least a portion of the refrigerant approaching the expander to the intermediate expansion point within the expander. In this manner, the refrigerant expansion process is controlled more efficiently than in the prior art.

Abstract translation: 制冷剂系统包含可变容量膨胀器。 旁路管路选择性地旁路至少一部分接近膨胀机的制冷剂到膨胀机内的中间膨胀点。 以这种方式，比现有技术更有效地控制制冷剂膨胀过程。

公开(公告)号：US20100012307A1

公开(公告)日：2010-01-21

申请号：US12527779

申请日：2007-02-27

Applicant: Michael F. Taras ,  Alexander Lifson

Inventor： Michael F. Taras ,  Alexander Lifson

IPC: F28F1/06 ,  F28F13/04 ,  F28F1/04 ,  F25D21/14

CPC classification number: F28D1/05391 ,  F28D1/0471 ,  F28D2001/0273 ,  F28D2021/0071 ,  F28F1/126 ,  F28F17/005

Abstract: A heat exchange tube includes a tubular member having a flattened cross-section and extending along a longitudinal axis, and a longitudinally extending condensate drain channel formed in an upper wall of the flattened tubular member. A heat exchanger includes a first and a second spaced apart and generally vertical longitudinally extending headers, a plurality of heat exchange tubes disposed in parallel, spaced relationship in a generally vertical array and extending longitudinally between the first header and the second header, and a condensate drain extending longitudinally along, the upper wall of at least one of the plurality of flattened heat exchange tubes. The condensate drain may comprise a longitudinally extending condensate drain channel formed in an upper wall of said flattened tubular member, and/or a series of condensate drain portals formed in the heat transfer fins in a base portion bounding to the upper external surface of at least one heat exchange tube. The condensate drain portals of neighboring heat transfer fins are aligned longitudinally to provide a series of longitudinally aligned condensate drain portals along the upper external surfaces of the heat exchange tubes.

Abstract translation: 热交换管包括具有扁平横截面并沿纵向轴线延伸的管状构件，以及形成在扁平管状构件的上壁中的纵向延伸的冷凝物排出通道。 热交换器包括第一和第二间隔开的并且大致垂直的纵向延伸的集管，多个热交换管以大致垂直的排列平行且间隔开的关系设置，并且在第一集管和第二集管之间纵向延伸， 多个扁平换热管中的至少一个的上壁沿纵向纵向延伸。 冷凝水排出口可以包括形成在所述扁平管状构件的上壁中的纵向延伸的冷凝物排出通道和/或形成在传热翅片中的一系列冷凝物排出口，所述冷却物排出通道至少与上部外表面界定 一个热交换管。 相邻传热翅片的冷凝水排出口纵向排列，以提供沿热交换管的上外表面的一系列纵向排列的冷凝物排出口。