Abstract:
A power system grid is decomposed into several parts and decomposed state estimation steps are executed separately, on each part, using coordinated feedback regarding a boundary state. The achieved solution is the same that would be achieved with a simultaneous state estimation approach. With the disclosed approach, the state estimation problem can be distributed among decomposed estimation operations for each subsystem and a coordinating operation that yields the complete state estimate. The approach is particularly suited for estimating the state of power systems that are naturally decomposed into separate subsystems, such as separate AC and HVDC systems, and/or into separate transmission and distribution systems.
Abstract:
An Intelligent Electronic Device (IED) includes a plurality of hardware modules including a pair of analog input modules (AIM) modules, a Power Supply Module (PSM), and a Binary Input/Output (BIO) module. Each module is configured for mounting in a first IED housing that has a first form factor. The PSM and BIO module are constructed and arranged to directly connect with electrical connections of the first housing. A second IED housing is provided that has a second form factor that is different from the first form factor. The AIM modules are mounted to a bottom panel of the second housing. The PSM and the BIO module are mounted in the second housing. Wiring electrically connects the AIM modules to connections on the second housing. Adaptor structure electrically connects the PSM and the BIO module with associated connections of the second housing.
Abstract:
A method is disclosed for determining a rotor position of an electrically excited electrical machine by injecting voltage test signals at a plurality of space vector angles with a fundamental frequency which lies in a frequency range in which there is a difference in admittance in space vector angles; calculating resulting values of an excitation current indicator variable as Fourier coefficients of the excitation current resulting from the voltage test signal with reference to the fundamental frequency of the voltage test signal at the corresponding space vector angles; and determining the rotor position on the basis of the profile of the excitation current indicator variable.
Abstract:
A cooling apparatus is provided for a switchgear. The switchgear has one or more primary contacts constructed and arranged to connect to a terminal of a circuit breaker. The cooling apparatus includes an evaporator constructed and arranged to be associated with each primary contact. A condenser is located at a higher elevation than the evaporator. Fluid conduit structure fluidly connects the evaporator with the condenser. A portion of the fluid conduit structure defines a busbar tube electrically connected with an associated primary contact and defining a busbar of the switchgear. Working fluid is in the evaporator so as to be heated to a vapor state, with the fluid conduit structure being constructed and arranged to transfer the vapor to the condenser and to passively return condensed working fluid back to the evaporator for cooling the at least one primary contact and the associated busbar tube.
Abstract:
The present disclosure relates to a magnetic-inductive flow meter having a measuring tube on which there is fitted a magnetic unit for generating a magnetic field, which is aligned substantially perpendicular to a flow direction of an electrically conductive measuring medium flowing through the measuring tube and whose measurement voltage induced in the measuring medium can be detected by at least two inserted measuring electrodes electrically insulated from the measuring tube. In order to avoid coupling interference voltages into the electrical electrodes, the first and the second electrode leads can be jointly twisted starting from the leadthrough as far as the first electrode, where the first electrode lead is electrically connected to the first electrode, and the second electrode is connected to a short-circuited conductor loop which encompasses the measuring tube and is connected to the second electrode lead at a location of the first electrode.
Abstract:
An exemplary voltage sensor device includes at least one high voltage segment and at least one low voltage impedance element. In order to enhance the power dissipation due to impedances spread inside of the device body, the sensor device can be adapted or extended such that at least one high voltage segment, and at least one low voltage impedance element are arranged on an elongated insulating support with adaptive complementary mechanical and electrical interconnection elements on at least one end of the support element. The mechanical and electrical interconnection elements provide a manner of interconnecting at least two elongated insulating supports together in a pivotable way.
Abstract:
A power plant, and a method for using an electrical unit therefor are disclosed, wherein, an electrical machine can be connected to a power network via a converter and a block transformer. A method is disclosed for using the electrical unit, wherein the converter disconnects the block transformer from the machine in the event of a malfunction of the block transformer.
Abstract:
A composite material is disclosed for use in a high-voltage device having a high-voltage electrical conductor, the material containing a polymeric matrix and at least one fiber embedded in the polymeric matrix, the fibers having an average diameter of less than about 500 nm.
Abstract:
An arrangement for measuring a current with a Rogowski type current transducer and transducer electronics. The current transducer has a primary conductor winding for carrying the rated current to be measured, and a secondary conductor winding. The secondary conductor winding adapted to induce a voltage signal VS′ between a pair of second terminals. The current transducer having a third conductor winding adapted to receive a calibration current signal. The voltage signal VS′ contains a coil sensitivity S and is a superposition of a rated current voltage signal and an additional calibration signal. The transducer electronics being adapted to amplify both the current voltage signal and the calibration signal in the same amplifier and divide the amplified current voltage signal by that part of the amplified calibration signal that contains the coil sensitivity and the gain.