公开(公告)号：US08260199B2

公开(公告)日：2012-09-04

申请号：US11750780

申请日：2007-05-18

申请人： Jacek Kowalski

发明人： Jacek Kowalski

IPC分类号： H04B5/00

CPC分类号： H04B5/0081 ,  G06K7/10178 ,  H04M1/6066 ,  H04M1/7253 ,  H04M2250/02 ,  H04M2250/04

摘要： One embodiment of the invention comprises a functional module for storing and exchanging data, comprising a common portable support, at least one passive contactless integrated circuit in the form of a first semi-conductor chip, a contactless integrated circuit reader in the form of a second semi-conductor chip, the contactless integrated circuit and the reader being gathered on or in the common portable support, an antenna coil of the contactless integrated circuit, connected to the contactless integrated circuit, an antenna coil of the reader, connected to the reader, the antenna coil of the contactless integrated circuit being coupled to the antenna coil of the reader.

摘要翻译： 本发明的一个实施例包括用于存储和交换数据的功能模块，包括通用便携式支持件，第一半导体芯片形式的至少一个无源非接触集成电路，第二半导体芯片形式的非接触集成电路读取器 半导体芯片，非接触集成电路和读取器聚集在普通便携式支架上，无接触集成电路的天线线圈，连接到非接触集成电路，读取器的天线线圈连接到读取器， 非接触式集成电路的天线线圈耦合到读取器的天线线圈。

公开(公告)号：US07564340B2

公开(公告)日：2009-07-21

申请号：US11101805

申请日：2005-04-08

申请人： Jacek Kowalski ,  Didier Serra ,  Bruno Charrat

发明人： Jacek Kowalski ,  Didier Serra ,  Bruno Charrat

IPC分类号： H04Q5/22

CPC分类号： G06K19/07786 ,  G06K19/0723

摘要： A contactless integrated circuit is provided that includes a RFID communication interface, a UHF communication interface, a data processing unit, an interface multiplexer, a communication mode detection circuit, a first modulation and demodulation circuit, a second modulation and demodulation circuit, and a multiplexer demultiplexer circuit. The interface multiplexer couples the data processing unit to the RFID or UHF communication interfaces. The multiplexer demultiplexer circuits are driven by mode signals delivered by the communication mode detection circuit, to link the data processing unit to one of the two modulation and demodulation circuits.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种非接触集成电路，其包括RFID通信接口，UHF通信接口，数据处理单元，接口多路复用器，通信模式检测电路，第一调制和解调电路，第二调制和解调电路以及多路复用器 解复用器电路。 接口多路复用器将数据处理单元耦合到RFID或UHF通信接口。 复用器解复用器电路由通信模式检测电路传送的模式信号驱动，以将数据处理单元链接到两个调制和解调电路之一。

公开(公告)号：US06337619B1

公开(公告)日：2002-01-08

申请号：US09187517

申请日：1998-11-06

申请人： Jacek Kowalski ,  Bruno Charrat ,  Eric Bouyoux ,  Michel Martin

发明人： Jacek Kowalski ,  Bruno Charrat ,  Eric Bouyoux ,  Michel Martin

IPC分类号： H04Q522

CPC分类号： G06K7/10059 ,  G06F13/366 ,  G06K7/0008

摘要： A method for selecting an electronic module from a plurality of at least two modules (M1, M2, M3) capable of emitting messages simultaneously, includes the steps of sending a general query message (ACTIVALL) to the modules, and selecting (AFI, SELECT-ID) the module having responded first, the modules, on receiving a query message (ACTIVALL, ACTIV), determining a random time interval (P) and sending a responding message (ID, R) when the said time interval (P) has elapsed. A module is set in idle position (IDL) when it receives a message (MESS) before the time interval (P) preceding the sending of a response (ID, R) has elapsed. The idle position (IDL) is at least characterized by the fact that one module does not respond, subsequently, to a complementary query message (ACTIV). This invention is particularly useful for contactless smart card readers and for terminals for electronic labels.

摘要翻译： 一种用于从能够同时发送消息的多个至少两个模块（M1，M2，M3）中选择电子模块的方法，包括以下步骤：向模块发送一般查询消息（ACTIVALL），并选择（AFI，SELECT -ID）所述模块首先响应，所述模块在接收到查询消息（ACTIVALL，ACTIV）时，确定随机时间间隔（P）并在所述时间间隔（P）具有的时间间隔（P））时发送响应消息（ID，R） 过去。 当在发送响应（ID，R）之前的时间间隔（P）之前接收到消息（MESS）时，模块被设置为空闲位置（IDL）。 至少空闲位置（IDL）的特征在于一个模块不响应于补充查询消息（ACTIV）。 本发明对于非接触式智能卡读取器和用于电子标签的终端特别有用。

公开(公告)号：US5550919A

公开(公告)日：1996-08-27

申请号：US248475

申请日：1994-05-25

申请人： Jacek Kowalski

发明人： Jacek Kowalski

IPC分类号： G06K19/073 ,  G07F7/08 ,  G07F7/10 ,  H04L9/32

CPC分类号： G07F7/1008 ,  G06Q20/341 ,  G06Q20/367 ,  G06Q20/3674 ,  G06Q20/4097 ,  G07F7/082 ,  G07F7/0866 ,  G07F7/1083

摘要： To resolve the problems related to the divulgation of the algorithms for the transcoding of the secret codes in chip cards, notably prepayment type chip cards, it is planned to limit the number of authentication operations possible by the number of units contained in the card. It is shown that in this case this number, which is generally small, for example about a hundred units, limits the number of attempts that can be made by a fraudulent person trying to penetrate the mysteries of the secret enciphering algorithm.

摘要翻译： 为了解决与芯片卡，特别是预付型芯片卡中的秘密码的代码转换的算法的泄露有关的问题，计划通过卡中包含的单元的数量来限制认证操作的数量。 这表明，在这种情况下，通常较小的数字（例如大约一百个单位）限制了试图渗透秘密加密算法的奥秘的欺诈者可以做出的尝试次数。

公开(公告)号：US5534686A

公开(公告)日：1996-07-09

申请号：US256821

申请日：1994-07-25

申请人： Jacek Kowalski ,  Jean Sureaud

发明人： Jacek Kowalski ,  Jean Sureaud

IPC分类号： G06K17/00 ,  G06K19/07 ,  G06K19/067

CPC分类号： G06K19/07

摘要： The invention relates to chip cards. There is disclosed a chip card (12) with only two contacts intented both to information exchanges (instructions and data) between the card (12) and a card reader and to the power supply of the card (12). According to the invention, the contacts are preferably a clock contact (CLK) used to the synchronization of data and instructions, and a data input/output contact (I/O) used to the transmission of data and instructions from the reader to the card (12) and to the transmission of data from the card (12) to the reader. For the power supply, a full-wave rectifier (bridge of diodes) may be arranged between the two contacts (CLK;I/O). The invention also relates to the communication protocole which allows to use only two contacts (CLK;I/O) while having instructions similar to those of conventional chip cards (initialization of the card, address incrementation of memory cell, reading of the cell, writing, comparison of a confidential code).

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / FR93 / 00074 Sec。 371日期：1994年7月25日 102（e）日期1994年7月25日PCT提交1993年1月26日PCT公布。 出版物WO93 / 15477 日期：1993年8月5日。本发明涉及芯片卡。 公开了一种仅具有两个触点的芯片卡（12），既用于卡（12）和读卡器与卡（12）的电源之间的信息交换（指令和数据）。 根据本发明，触点优选地是用于数据和指令的同步的时钟触点（CLK），以及用于从读取器向卡发送数据和指令的数据输入/输出触点（I / O） （12）和从卡（12）向读取器发送数据。 对于电源，可以在两个触点（CLK; I / O）之间布置全波整流器（二极管桥）。 本发明还涉及通信原型，其允许仅使用两个触点（CLK; I / O），同时具有类似于常规芯片卡的指令（卡的初始化，存储器单元的地址递增，单元读取，写入 ，比较机密码）。

公开(公告)号：US5381452A

公开(公告)日：1995-01-10

申请号：US12103

申请日：1993-01-29

申请人： Jacek Kowalski

发明人： Jacek Kowalski

IPC分类号： G06F7/62 ,  G07F7/10 ,  H03K21/40 ,  G11C16/00 ,  G06M3/12

CPC分类号： G07F7/1008 ,  G06F7/62 ,  G06Q20/341 ,  G07F7/082 ,  H03K21/403

摘要： The disclosure relates to counters that require the counting to be done under conditions of high security. In such a counter, starting from a number represented by a certain number of bits, the stages of the counter are successively forced, one after the other, to represent the final number in an order such that at no instant do the contents of the counter represent a number smaller than the initial number. A particular structure is used to count very big numbers while, when the technology is of the EEPROM type. This prevents the stage that changes its state most frequently from being subjected to action more than is physically permitted by the technology used. The disclosed method makes it possible, in chip cards, to prevent the diminishing of memorized values representing substantial values which are, for example, monetary values.

摘要翻译： 本公开涉及需要在高安全性条件下进行计数的计数器。 在这样一个计数器中，从一定比特数表示的数字开始，逐个地依次强制计数器的阶段，以一个顺序来表示最后的数字，使得在任何时刻都不会执行计数器的内容 表示比初始数字小的数字。 当这种技术是EEPROM类型时，使用特定的结构来计算非常大的数字。 这样可以防止最频繁地改变其状态的阶段超过所使用技术所实际允许的动作。 所公开的方法使得在芯片卡中可以防止表示实质值（例如货币值）的记忆值的减少。

公开(公告)号：US5022001A

公开(公告)日：1991-06-04

申请号：US258801

申请日：1988-10-17

申请人： Jacek Kowalski ,  Christophe Chevalier

发明人： Jacek Kowalski ,  Christophe Chevalier

IPC分类号： G11C17/00 ,  G11C16/02 ,  G11C16/10 ,  G11C16/24

CPC分类号： G11C16/10 ,  G11C16/24

摘要： The use of charge pumps to supply bit lines, when programming memory cells connected to a bit line, is avoided by pre-charging this bit line simultaneously with the neutralization of the selection of this bit line. Subsequently, the pre-charging potential is uncoupled and the effects of the neutralization are stopped. It is known that this method of action prevents the breakdown of a single programming potential generator, used to supply all the bit lines. This results in a gain in space in the lay-out of the control circuits of the memory cells in the memory plane. This method can be implemented especially in page mode programming for memories where the memory cells have EEPROM-type floating-gate transistors.

摘要翻译： 当编程连接到位线的存储器单元时，使用电荷泵来提供位线，可以通过对该位线的选择进行中和来同时对该位线进行预充电来避免。 随后，预充电电势解耦，中和的效果停止。 已知这种作用方法防止用于提供所有位线的单个编程电位发生器的击穿。 这导致在存储器平面中的存储器单元的控制电路的布局中的空间增益。 该方法尤其适用于存储器单元具有EEPROM型浮栅晶体管的存储器的页模式编程。

公开(公告)号：US5003371A

公开(公告)日：1991-03-26

申请号：US264205

申请日：1988-10-28

申请人： Francois Tailliet ,  Jacek Kowalski

发明人： Francois Tailliet ,  Jacek Kowalski

IPC分类号： H01L27/08 ,  G11C17/18 ,  H01H37/76 ,  H01H85/00 ,  H01H85/02 ,  H01H85/46 ,  H01L21/82 ,  H01L23/525 ,  H01L27/10 ,  H01L29/74

CPC分类号： G11C17/18 ,  H01L23/5256 ,  H01L2924/0002

摘要： The melting of a fuse of a CMOS type integrated circuit is caused by using the existence of a stray thyristor created in the neighborhood of the boundaries of pads made in a substrate. This stray thyristor is triggered by artificially making the potential drop in an intermediate region of the pad. The thyristor always comes on suddenly, the current that flows through the thyristor is very high and the phenomenon stops spontaneously when the fuse is melted.

摘要翻译： CMOS型集成电路的熔丝的熔化是由于在衬底中形成的焊盘的边界附近产生的杂散晶闸管的存在引起的。 这种杂散晶闸管是通过人为地在焊盘的中间区域产生潜在的下降来触发的。 晶闸管总是突然出现，流过晶闸管的电流非常高，当保险丝熔化时，这种现象自发停止。

公开(公告)号：US4868489A

公开(公告)日：1989-09-19

申请号：US212890

申请日：1987-06-29

申请人： Jacek Kowalski

发明人： Jacek Kowalski

IPC分类号： H01L21/66 ,  B42D15/10 ,  G01R27/26 ,  G01R31/316 ,  G06K19/073 ,  H01L21/31 ,  H01L23/58

CPC分类号： H01L23/576 ,  G01R27/2605 ,  G01R31/316 ,  G06K19/073 ,  G06K19/07372 ,  H01L23/58 ,  H01L2924/0002

摘要： The depassivation of an integrated circuit is detected by using the fact that the passivation coat which covers this circuit participates in the coupling capacitances that exist between parallel metallized lines made on its surface. The variation in one of these capacitances, resulting from depassivation, leads to a modification of the dielectrical induction of a voltage step, emitted on one line, in another line. The resulting variation in the induced voltage is used to produce a logic signal that reveals this depassivation. This logic signal can be used to neutralize the functioning of the integrating circuit to be protected.

摘要翻译： 通过使用覆盖该电路的钝化涂层参与存在于其表面上形成的平行金属化线之间的耦合电容来检测集成电路的去钝化。 由去钝化引起的这些电容之一的变化导致在另一条线上在一条线上发射的电压阶跃的介电感应的修改。 所产生的感应电压的变化用于产生显示该去钝化的逻辑信号。 该逻辑信号可用于中和要保护的积分电路的功能。

公开(公告)号：US08870193B2

公开(公告)日：2014-10-28

申请号：US13656769

申请日：2012-10-22

申请人： Jacek Kowalski

发明人： Jacek Kowalski

IPC分类号： A63C17/02 ,  A63C17/06 ,  A63C5/035 ,  A63C17/16 ,  A63C17/01 ,  A63C17/04 ,  A63C17/00 ,  A63C17/14

CPC分类号： A63C5/035 ,  A63C17/0033 ,  A63C17/012 ,  A63C17/013 ,  A63C17/016 ,  A63C17/045 ,  A63C17/064 ,  A63C17/1436 ,  A63C17/16 ,  A63C2203/20

摘要： The invention is a dry surface skiing apparatus including a leading self-steering swivel caster and trailing non self-steering swivel caster. It offers major safety improvements compared to the existing prior art. Its operation closer resembles modern carving ski and eliminates problems such as swivel caster flutter and undesirable drift effect with rotary turns. It also adds the ability to brake. Elimination of flutter is achieved by application of non self-steering trailing swivel caster which is cross connected to the leading self-steering swivel casters by a steering system. The ground friction of the wheel in the trailing swivel caster dampens the flutter. At the same time since the rear wheel turns in the opposite way to the front wheel, a carved turn is achieved in a similar manner to flexing a carving ski along its entire length. In order to facilitate braking wing like members are attached to the outer edge of each ski which allow transmitting friction of ski pole tips to the ski platform.

摘要翻译： 本发明是一种干式滑雪装置，其包括前导自转转向旋转脚轮和拖尾非自转转向脚轮。 与现有的现有技术相比，它提供了重要的安全性改进。 其操作更接近于现代雕刻滑雪板，并消除了旋转脚轮颤动和旋转匝间不良漂移效应等问题。 它还增加了刹车的能力。 通过应用通过转向系统交叉连接到前导自转转向脚轮的非自行转向拖尾旋转脚轮来实现消除颤振。 尾部旋转脚轮中的车轮的磨擦摩擦会阻挡颤振。 同时，由于后轮以与前轮相反的方式转动，所以以类似的方式实现雕刻转弯，以沿其整个长度弯曲雕刻滑雪板。 为了便于制动，翼状的构件附接到每个滑雪板的外边缘，这允许将滑雪杖尖部的摩擦传递到滑雪平台。