公开(公告)号：US20130071959A1

公开(公告)日：2013-03-21

申请号：US13235943

申请日：2011-09-19

申请人： Stephen Forrest ,  Gregory McGraw

发明人： Stephen Forrest ,  Gregory McGraw

IPC分类号： H01L51/52

CPC分类号： H01L51/56 ,  H01L27/3283 ,  H01L51/0004

摘要： A method for forming an electronic device such as a passive color OLED display. Bottom electrodes are patterned onto a substrate in rows. Raised posts formed by photoresist are patterned into columns oriented orthogonally to the bottom row electrodes. One or more organic layers, such as R, G, B organic emissive layers are patterned over the raised posts and bottom electrodes using organic vapor jet printing (OVJP). An upper electrode layer is applied over the entire device and forms electrically isolated columnar electrodes due to discontinuities in the upper electrode layer created by the raised columnar posts. This permits patterning of the upper electrodes over the organic layers without using photolithography. A device formed by this method is also described.

摘要翻译： 一种用于形成诸如无源彩色OLED显示器的电子设备的方法。 底部电极按行排列在基板上。 由光致抗蚀剂形成的凸起柱被图案化成与底部行电极正交定向的列。 使用有机蒸气喷射印刷（OVJP）将一个或多个有机层，例如R，G，B有机发光层图案化在凸起的柱和底部电极上。 在整个器件上施加上电极层，由于由凸起的柱状柱形成的上电极层中的不连续性，形成电隔离的柱状电极。 这允许在不使用光刻的情况下在有机层上图案化上电极。 还描述了通过该方法形成的装置。

公开(公告)号：US07683536B2

公开(公告)日：2010-03-23

申请号：US11274091

申请日：2005-11-16

申请人： Stephen Forrest ,  Julia J. Brown ,  Mark E. Thompson

发明人： Stephen Forrest ,  Julia J. Brown ,  Mark E. Thompson

IPC分类号： H05B33/00 ,  H01L51/50

CPC分类号： H01L51/5004 ,  H01L51/5016 ,  H01L51/5056 ,  H01L51/5072 ,  H01L2251/552 ,  Y10T428/24942

摘要： The present invention relates to OLEDs utilizing direct injection to the triplet state. The present invention also relates to OLEDs utilizing resonant injection and/or stepped energy levels.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及利用直接注入三重态的OLED。 本发明还涉及利用谐振注入和/或阶梯能级的OLED。

公开(公告)号：US20100013386A1

公开(公告)日：2010-01-21

申请号：US12546829

申请日：2009-08-25

申请人： Mark E. THOMPSON ,  Carsten Borek ,  Kenneth Hanson ,  Peter Djurovich ,  Yiru Sun ,  Stephen Forrest ,  Arnold Tamayo

发明人： Mark E. THOMPSON ,  Carsten Borek ,  Kenneth Hanson ,  Peter Djurovich ,  Yiru Sun ,  Stephen Forrest ,  Arnold Tamayo

IPC分类号： H01J1/63 ,  C07D487/22

CPC分类号： C07F15/0033 ,  C09K11/06 ,  C09K2211/1029 ,  C09K2211/1033 ,  C09K2211/1044 ,  C09K2211/1074 ,  C09K2211/1088 ,  C09K2211/185 ,  H01L51/0037 ,  H01L51/0085 ,  H01L51/0087 ,  H01L51/5016 ,  H05B33/14 ,  Y10S428/917

摘要： Certain iridium compounds which may comprise an iridium(III)-ligand complex having the general formula: (ĈN)2—Ir—(N̂N). (ĈN) and (N̂N) may each represent a ligand coordinated to an iridium atom. The iridium compounds may have a primary phosphorescent photoluminescence peak wavelength in the near-infrared (IR) range. Also, organic devices that use certain iridium compounds. The organic device may comprise an organic layer and the organic layer may comprise any of the iridium compounds disclosed herein. Also, organic devices that use certain metalloporphyrin compounds. The metalloporphyrin compounds may comprise a core porphyrin structure with four pyrrole rings. The metalloporphyrin compounds may have a primary phosphorescent photoluminescence peak wavelength in the near-IR range.

摘要翻译： 某些铱化合物，其可以包含具有以下通式的铱（III）配体络合物：（ĈN）2-Ir-（NN）。 （ĈN）和（NN）可以各自表示与铱原子配位的配体。 铱化合物可以在近红外（IR）范围内具有初级磷光光致发光峰值波长。 而且，使用某些铱化合物的有机器件。 有机装置可以包括有机层，并且有机层可以包含本文公开的任何铱化合物。 而且，使用某些金属卟啉化合物的有机器件。 金属卟啉化合物可以包含具有四个吡咯环的核心卟啉结构。 金属卟啉化合物可以在近红外范围内具有初级磷光光致发光峰值波长。

公开(公告)号：US07598381B2

公开(公告)日：2009-10-06

申请号：US11518311

申请日：2006-09-11

申请人： Mark E. Thompson ,  Carsten Borek ,  Kenneth Hanson ,  Peter Djurovich ,  Yiru Sun ,  Stephen Forrest ,  Arnold Tamayo

发明人： Mark E. Thompson ,  Carsten Borek ,  Kenneth Hanson ,  Peter Djurovich ,  Yiru Sun ,  Stephen Forrest ,  Arnold Tamayo

IPC分类号： C07F15/00 ,  H05B33/14

CPC分类号： C07F15/0033 ,  C09K11/06 ,  C09K2211/1029 ,  C09K2211/1033 ,  C09K2211/1044 ,  C09K2211/1074 ,  C09K2211/1088 ,  C09K2211/185 ,  H01L51/0037 ,  H01L51/0085 ,  H01L51/0087 ,  H01L51/5016 ,  H05B33/14 ,  Y10S428/917

摘要： Certain iridium compounds which may comprise an iridium(III)-ligand complex having the general formula: (C^N)2—Ir—(N^N). (C^N) and (N^N) may each represent a ligand coordinated to an iridium atom. The iridium compounds may have a primary phosphorescent photoluminescence peak wavelength in the near-infrared (IR) range. Also, organic devices that use certain iridium compounds. The organic device may comprise an organic layer and the organic layer may comprise any of the iridium compounds disclosed herein. Also, organic devices that use certain metalloporphyrin compounds. The metalloporphyrin compounds may comprise a core porphyrin structure with four pyrrole rings. The metalloporphyrin compounds may have a primary phosphorescent photoluminescence peak wavelength in the near-IR range.

摘要翻译： 某些铱化合物，其可以包含具有以下通式的铱（III）配位络合物：（C 1 N）2-Ir-（N 2 N）。 （C ^ N）和（N ^ N）可以各自表示与铱原子配位的配体。 铱化合物可以在近红外（IR）范围内具有初级磷光光致发光峰值波长。 而且，使用某些铱化合物的有机器件。 有机装置可以包括有机层，并且有机层可以包含本文公开的任何铱化合物。 而且，使用某些金属卟啉化合物的有机器件。 金属卟啉化合物可以包含具有四个吡咯环的核心卟啉结构。 金属卟啉化合物可以在近红外范围内具有初级磷光光致发光峰值波长。

公开(公告)号：US20080152806A1

公开(公告)日：2008-06-26

申请号：US11643795

申请日：2006-12-22

申请人： Stephen Forrest ,  Richard Lunt

发明人： Stephen Forrest ,  Richard Lunt

IPC分类号： C23C14/22 ,  C23C16/54

CPC分类号： H01L51/0008 ,  C23C14/12 ,  C23C14/24 ,  C23C16/4412 ,  C23C16/4551 ,  C23C16/45563

摘要： Methods and systems for organic vapor jet deposition are provided, where an exhaust is disposed between adjacent nozzles. The exhaust may reduce pressure buildup in the nozzles and between the nozzles and the substrate, leading to improved deposition profiles, resolution, and improved nozzle-to-nozzle uniformity. The exhaust may be in fluid communication with an ambient vacuum, or may be directly connected to a vacuum source.

摘要翻译： 提供了用于有机蒸气喷射沉积的方法和系统，其中在相邻喷嘴之间设置排气。 排气可以减少喷嘴中和喷嘴与基板之间的压力积聚，从而改善沉积轮廓，分辨率和改进的喷嘴与喷嘴的均匀性。 排气可以与环境真空流体连通，或者可以直接连接到真空源。

公开(公告)号：US20080131993A1

公开(公告)日：2008-06-05

申请号：US12005773

申请日：2007-12-27

申请人： Stephen Forrest ,  Jiangeng Xue

发明人： Stephen Forrest ,  Jiangeng Xue

IPC分类号： H01L51/44

CPC分类号： H01L51/441 ,  H01L27/301 ,  H01L51/424 ,  Y02E10/549 ,  Y02P70/521

摘要： A method which lower the series resistance of photosensitive devices includes providing a transparent film of a first electrically conductive material arranged on a transparent substrate; depositing and patterning a mask over the first electrically conductive material, such that openings in the mask have sloping sides which narrow approaching the substrate; depositing a second electrically conductive material directly onto the first electrically conductive material exposed in the openings of the mask, at least partially filling the openings; stripping the mask, leaving behind reentrant structures of the second electrically conductive material which were formed by the deposits in the openings of the mask; after stripping the mask, depositing a first organic material onto the first electrically conductive material in between the reentrant structures; and directionally depositing a third electrically conductive material over the first organic material deposited in between the reentrant structures, edges of the reentrant structures aligning deposition so that the third electrically conductive material does not directly contact the first electrically conductive material, and does not directly contact the second electrically conductive material.

摘要翻译： 降低光敏元件的串联电阻的方法包括提供布置在透明基板上的第一导电材料的透明膜; 在所述第一导电材料上沉积和图案化掩模，使得所述掩模中的开口具有接近所述基底的窄边; 将第二导电材料直接沉积在暴露于掩模的开口中的至少部分填充开口的第一导电材料上; 剥离掩模，留下由掩模的开口中的沉积物形成的第二导电材料的可重入结构; 在剥离掩模之后，将第一有机材料沉积在第一导电材料之间的可重入结构之间; 并且在第一有机材料上定向沉积第三导电材料，所述第一有机材料沉积在所述凹坑结构之间，所述凹槽结构的边缘对准沉积物，使得所述第三导电材料不直接接触所述第一导电材料，并且不直接接触所述第一导电材料 第二导电材料。

公开(公告)号：US07373048B2

公开(公告)日：2008-05-13

申请号：US11062095

申请日：2005-02-18

申请人： Fengnian Xia ,  Stephen Forrest

发明人： Fengnian Xia ,  Stephen Forrest

IPC分类号： G02B6/26 ,  G02B6/42 ,  G02B6/10 ,  H01S3/00 ,  H01S3/30 ,  H04B10/12

CPC分类号： B82Y20/00 ,  G02B6/1228 ,  G02B6/305 ,  H01S5/02284 ,  H01S5/026 ,  H01S5/1014 ,  H01S5/1032 ,  H01S5/305 ,  H01S5/34306 ,  H01S5/34373 ,  H01S5/5009

摘要： A polarization insensitive semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) is provided. The SOA includes an active waveguide, a passive waveguide, and a taper coupler for coupling optical energy from the passive waveguide into the active waveguide, wherein the taper coupler has width W varying relative to position along a main axis z of propagation of the SOA in proportion to the minimum value of 1/CTE 01(z) 1/CTM 01(z), where CTE 01(z) represents the coefficient of energy coupling between a fundamental mode and a first order mode for the transverse electric polarization as a function of the position z, and CTM 01(z) represents the coefficient of energy coupling between a fundamental mode and a first order mode for the transverse magnetic polarization as a function of the position z.

摘要翻译： 提供了偏振不敏感半导体光放大器（SOA）。 SOA包括有源波导，无源波导和锥形耦合器，用于将来自无源波导的光能耦合到有源波导中，其中锥形耦合器具有相对于沿着SOA的传播主轴线z的位置而变化的宽度W （z）1 / C TM 01（z）的最小值的比例，其中C TE 01（z） ）表示作为位置z的函数的横向电极化的基模和一阶模式之间的能量耦合系数，并且C 1（z）表示 作为位置z的函数的横向磁极化的基本模式和一阶模式。

公开(公告)号：US07326955B2

公开(公告)日：2008-02-05

申请号：US10911560

申请日：2004-08-05

申请人： Stephen Forrest ,  Jiangeng Xue ,  Soichi Uchida ,  Barry P. Rand

发明人： Stephen Forrest ,  Jiangeng Xue ,  Soichi Uchida ,  Barry P. Rand

IPC分类号： H01L27/142

CPC分类号： B82Y10/00 ,  H01L27/302 ,  H01L51/0046 ,  H01L51/0051 ,  H01L51/0053 ,  H01L51/0059 ,  H01L51/0078 ,  H01L51/4246 ,  H01L51/4253 ,  Y02E10/549

摘要： A device is provided having a first electrode, a second electrode, a first photoactive region having a characteristic absorption wavelength λ1 and a second photoactive region having a characteristic absorption wavelength λ2. The photoactive regions are disposed between the first and second electrodes, and further positioned on the same side of a reflective layer, such that the first photoactive region is closer to the reflective layer than the second photoactive region. The materials comprising the photoactive regions may be selected such that λ1 is at least about 10% different from λ2. The device may further comprise an exciton blocking layer disposed adjacent to and in direct contact with the organic acceptor material of each photoactive region, wherein the LUMO of each exciton blocking layer other than that closest to the cathode is not more than about 0.3 eV greater than the LUMO of the acceptor material.

摘要翻译： 提供一种器件，其具有第一电极，第二电极，具有特征吸收波长λ1的第一光活性区域和具有特征吸收波长λ2的第二光活性区域， 。 光活性区域设置在第一和第二电极之间，并且进一步定位在反射层的相同侧上，使得第一光活性区域比第二光活性区域更靠近反射层。 可以选择包含光活性区的材料，使得λ1至少与λ2不同10％。 该装置还可以包括邻近并与每个光活性区域的有机受体材料直接接触的激子阻挡层，其中除最接近阴极之外的每个激子阻挡层的LUMO不大于约0.3eV，大于约0.3eV 受体材料的LUMO。

公开(公告)号：US20070215868A1

公开(公告)日：2007-09-20

申请号：US11566134

申请日：2006-12-01

申请人： Stephen Forrest ,  Fan Yang ,  Barry Rand

发明人： Stephen Forrest ,  Fan Yang ,  Barry Rand

IPC分类号： H01L29/08

CPC分类号： H01L51/4246 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  H01L27/302 ,  H01L51/0046 ,  H01L51/0071 ,  H01L51/0072 ,  H01L51/0078 ,  H01L51/4253 ,  Y02E10/549

摘要： A photosensitive device includes a plurality of organic photoconductive materials disposed in a stack between a first electrode and a second electrode, including a first continuous layer of donor host material, a second continuous layer of acceptor host material, and at least one other organic photoconductive material disposed as a plurality of discontinuous islands between the first continuous layer and the second continuous layer. Each of these other photoconductive materials has an absorption spectra different from the donor host material and the acceptor host material. Preferably, each of the discontinuous islands consists essentially of a crystallite of the respective organic photoconductive material, and more preferably, the crystallites are nanocrystals.

摘要翻译： 感光装置包括多个有机光电导材料，其布置在第一电极和第二电极之间的堆叠中，包括施主主体材料的第一连续层，受主主体材料的第二连续层和至少一个其它有机光电导材料 被布置为在所述第一连续层和所述第二连续层之间的多个不连续岛。 这些其它光电导材料中的每一种具有与供体主体材料和受主主体材料不同的吸收光谱。 优选地，每个不连续岛基本上由相应有机光电导材料的微晶组成，更优选地，微晶是纳米晶体。

公开(公告)号：US20070087449A1

公开(公告)日：2007-04-19

申请号：US11529367

申请日：2006-09-29

申请人： Rhonda Salzman ,  Stephen Forrest

发明人： Rhonda Salzman ,  Stephen Forrest

IPC分类号： G01N1/34

CPC分类号： H01L51/0025 ,  H01L51/0053 ,  H01L51/0078 ,  H01L51/424 ,  H01L51/4246 ,  H01L51/4253 ,  Y02E10/549 ,  Y10T436/25

摘要： A method of purifying small molecule organic material, performed as a series of operations beginning with a first sample of the organic small molecule material. The first step is to purify the organic small molecule material by thermal gradient sublimation. The second step is to test the purity of at least one sample from the purified organic small molecule material by spectroscopy. The third step is to repeat the first through third steps on the purified small molecule material if the spectroscopic testing reveals any peaks exceeding a threshold percentage of a magnitude of a characteristic peak of a target organic small molecule. The steps are performed at least twice. The threshold percentage is at most 10%. Preferably the threshold percentage is 5% and more preferably 2%. The threshold percentage may be selected based on the spectra of past samples that achieved target performance characteristics in finished devices.

摘要翻译： 纯化小分子有机材料的方法，作为从有机小分子材料的第一样品开始的一系列操作进行。 第一步是通过热梯度升华纯化有机小分子材料。 第二步是通过光谱法从纯化的有机小分子材料中测试至少一种样品的纯度。 第三步是重复纯化的小分子材料上的第一至第三步骤，如果光谱测试显示超过目标有机小分子的特征峰值的阈值百分比的峰值。 步骤至少进行两次。 阈值百分比至多为10％。 阈值百分比优选为5％，更优选为2％。 可以基于在成品设备中实现目标性能特征的过去样品的光谱来选择阈值百分比。