摘要:
Time-correlation methods for determining pulse characteristics from a modelocked ultrafast laser include a cross-correlation method and an auto-correlation method. In the cross-correlation method, pulses from the laser and pulses from another modelocked laser are incident on a two-photon detector that responds when the pulses overlap in time. The lasers are synchronized to the same frequency and the phase difference between pulses from the two lasers is varied to vary the temporal pulse overlap while recording the detector response. Pulse characteristics are determined from recorded data representing the detector response as a function of phase difference. In the auto-correlation method, pulses from one laser are divided into two components. One component follows a fixed delay path before being temporally overlapped at the detector with another component that has not been delayed. The temporal overlap is varied by varying the pulse repetition frequency. Pulse characteristics are determined from recorded data representing the detector response as a function of phase difference.
摘要:
Apparatus for reducing spacing between a plurality of parallel, spaced apart plane-polarized laser-radiation beams delivered by a stack of laser-diode bars includes a ninety degree polarization rotator, and a compound prism including a total reflecting surface an internal polarization-selective surface parallel to each other. The polarization-selective surface is highly transmissive for radiation plane-polarized in one polarization orientation and highly reflective for radiation plane-polarized at ninety degrees to that orientation. The polarization rotator rotates the polarization of a portion of the beams. The beams are transmitted through the compound prism with the portion of polarization-rotated beams following a different path through the prism from that of the beams that are not polarization rotated. The beams exit the prism with spacing therebetween one-half of the spacing between beams entering the prism.
摘要:
Fluence monitoring apparatus is disclosed for a system for modifying curvature of a cornea by selective laser photoablation of corneal tissue by means of a succession of pulses of laser radiation delivered to the cornea in an overlapping pattern corresponding to a desired pattern of photoablation. The system includes a scanning arrangement for directing the pulses to form the overlapping pattern. The fluence monitoring apparatus includes a beamsplitter located between the scanning arrangement and the cornea for directing a fraction of each of the pulses to a monitor plate. The monitor plate emits fluorescent light on being irradiated by each pulse-fraction. A video camera provides an electronic image of the monitor plate. Processing circuitry periodically records the electronic image, and the periodic image recordings are integrated to form a composite image representative of spatial distribution of laser fluence on the cornea.
摘要:
A faceplate for a touch-sensitive display includes, on an outermost surface, a pattern of electrode-regions separated by spaces. A base-coating is deposited on the surface and extends continuously over the surface. The electrode-regions are formed from a layer of a conductive transparent metal-oxide deposited on the base-coating. The electrode-regions and spaces are overcoated by a protective-layer of an insulating material. For light incident on the faceplate at about normal incidence photopic reflectivity in the protective-layer-overcoated electrode-regions is within plus or minus ten percent of photopic reflectivity in the protective-layer-overcoated spaces.
摘要:
A diode-laser bar stack includes a plurality of diode-laser bars having different temperature dependent peak-emission wavelengths. The stack is arranged such that the bars can be separately powered. This allows one or more of the bars to be “on” while others are “off”. A switching arrangement is described for selectively turning bars on or off, responsive to a signal representative of the temperature of the diode-laser bar stack, for providing a desired total emission spectrum.
摘要:
RF power is transmitted to a CO2 gas discharge laser form a source of RF power via a series combination of transmission line sections. The lengths and characteristic impedances of the transmission line sections are selected to transform the impedance of the RF power source to the operating impedance of the laser.
摘要:
An original laser-radiation beam having a symmetrical M2 but poor beam quality is sliced in one transverse axis, by a fanned-out stack of parallel transparent plates, into a plurality of beam slices. The beam-slices are also spread by the stack of plates in another transverse axis perpendicular to the first axis. A fanned-out stack of glass blocks aligns the spread beam-slices in the first axis to form what is effectively a single beam having an asymmetric M2, with beam quality improved in one axis and degraded in the other compared with the original beam. The effective single beam is projected into a line of radiation by a cylindrical lens, or by a homogenizing projector including spaced apart cylindrical lens arrays followed by a spherical condenser lens.
摘要:
Laser apparatus is disclosed in which fundamental-wavelength optical pulses delivered from a mode-locked laser resonator at a pulse-repetition frequency (PRF) are converted to harmonic-wavelength pulses in an optical delay loop. One example is disclosed in which the harmonic-wavelength pulses are delivered directly from the delay loop. Another example is disclosed in which the harmonic-wavelength pulses are divided by the delay loop into a number of temporally spaced-apart replicas thereof, and the delay loop delivers bursts of replicas of different one of the harmonic wavelength pulses at a burst-repetition frequency equal to or a multiple of the PRF of the resonator.
摘要:
Apparatus for attenuating an unpolarized laser beam includes a polarizing beamsplitter for separating the laser beam into two plane-polarized beams following separate paths. The two plane-polarized beams are polarization rotated by a single polarization rotator. Each of the polarization-rotated beams is separated by a polarizing beam-combiner into two plane-polarized portions. One of the portions of one polarization-rotated beam is combined by the beam-combiner with one of the portions of the other polarization-rotated beam to provide an attenuated output-beam. In certain examples of the apparatus the separate paths are made equal in length so that combined beam portions are equal in diameter.
摘要:
A laser resonator includes an OPS gain-structure that is pumped with optical pulses repeatedly delivered at a pulse-repetition frequency corresponding to a resonant frequency of the laser resonator. The laser resonator additionally includes a passive mode-locking arrangement such that the resonator delivers mode-locked optical pulses. In one example the laser resonator further includes a CW optically pumped OPS gain-structure for increasing the power of the mode-locked pulses delivered from the resonator.