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31.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4339573A
公开(公告)日：1982-07-13
申请号：US165868
申请日：1980-07-07
IPC分类号： C08B11/02 , C08B1/08 , C08B1/06 , C08B11/193
CPC分类号： C08B1/08
摘要： This invention relates to an improved process for preparing cellulose derivatives by alkalizing cellulose to form alkali cellulose, alkylating the alkali cellulose to form alkylated alkali cellulose, and recovering the alkylated alkali cellulose. According to the process of the invention, finely-divided, preferably powdered, cellulose is reacted with an aqueous-alcoholic alkali metal hydroxide solution at a temperature of from about 20.degree. to 120.degree. C., to form alkali cellulose, oxygen is removed, and the water content is reduced to from about 2.5 to 6.0 moles per anhydroglucose unit, prior to alkylization.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过碱化纤维素来形成碱纤维素，烷基化碱性纤维素以形成烷基化碱纤维素并回收烷基化碱纤维素来制备纤维素衍生物的改进方法。 根据本发明的方法，将微细的，优选粉末状的纤维素与约20-120℃的水性醇碱金属氢氧化物溶液反应，形成碱性纤维素，除去氧气， 并且在烷基化之前将水含量降低至约2.5至6.0摩尔/脱水葡萄糖单元。
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公开(公告)号：US4185025A
公开(公告)日：1980-01-22
申请号：US966948
申请日：1978-12-06
IPC分类号： B01J10/00 , B01J19/00 , B01J19/24 , C07C45/40 , C07C51/34 , C07C409/20 , C07D323/02 , C09F7/02 , C11C3/00
CPC分类号： C07D323/02 , B01J19/245 , C07C407/00 , C07C409/20 , C07C45/40 , C07C51/34 , B01J2208/00176 , B01J2219/00094 , B01J2219/00128
摘要： A process and an apparatus for the continuous ozonization of unsaturated organic compounds in the presence of water, wherein(a) the fresh charge mixture of unsaturated compounds to be ozonized is reacted in at least one first reactor in parallel flow with ozonic gas, which was previously used for ozonizing a previously partially ozonized charge mixture, and(b) simultaneously a previously partially ozonized charge mixture is reacted in at least one second reactor in parallel flow with fresh ozonic gas,and wherein, optionally, said at least two reactors contain at least two mixing sections for mixing the charged liquid and gaseous phases with each other where the hydraulic diameter of the mixing elements in the individual mixing section is reduced in the flow direction.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在水存在下不饱和有机化合物的连续臭氧化的方法和装置，其中（a）待臭氧化的不饱和化合物的新鲜进料混合物在至少一个第一反应器中与臭氧气体并行地反应， 以前用于臭氧化先前部分臭氧化的电荷混合物，和（b）同时将先前部分臭氧化的电荷混合物在至少一个第二反应器中与新鲜的臭氧气体平行流动地反应，并且其中任选地，所述至少两个反应器包含 至少两个混合部分，用于将带电液体和气相彼此混合，其中各个混合部分中的混合元件的水力直径在流动方向上减小。
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33.发明授权Process for the production of free-flowing detergent granules and/or partial granules 失效用于生产自由流动的洗涤剂颗粒和/或部分颗粒的方法
公开(公告)号：US5536431A
公开(公告)日：1996-07-16
申请号：US307728
申请日：1994-09-23
摘要： A process for the production of free-flowing detergent granules or partial granules comprising the steps of:(a) providing an interiorly baffled, rotatable drying apparatus capable of rotating at high speeds;(b) introducing water-containing alkyl or alkenyl oligoglycoside pastes into the rotatable, drying apparatus;(c) introducing into the drying apparatus detergent components selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, detergent builders, and mixtures thereof; and(d) simultaneously drying and granulating the water-containing alkyl or alkenyl oligolycoside pastes and detergent components.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP93 / 00593 Sec。 371日期1994年9月23日 102（e）1994年9月23日PCT 1993年3月15日PCT公布。 公开号WO93 / 19155 日本1993年9月30日。一种用于生产自由流动的洗涤剂颗粒或部分颗粒的方法，包括以下步骤：（a）提供能够以高速旋转的内部可折叠的可旋转的干燥设备; （b）将含水烷基或链烯基低聚糖苷糊引入可旋转干燥装置中; （c）向干燥装置中引入选自阴离子表面活性剂，非离子表面活性剂，洗涤剂助洗剂及其混合物的洗涤剂组分; 和（d）同时干燥并制粒含水烷基或链烯基寡聚糖苷和洗涤剂组分。
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公开(公告)号：US5254467A
公开(公告)日：1993-10-19
申请号：US691648
申请日：1991-04-25
CPC分类号： C12P7/18 , Y10S435/842
摘要： A process for the transformation of glycerol into 1,3-propanediol by microorganisms comprising fermenting the microorganisms in media having a glycerol content of from about 5% to about 20% by weight under standard anaerobic fermentation conditions and recovering the 1,3-propanediol. The microorganisms according to the invention do not suffer catabolic repression by the large amount of 1,3-propanediol produced by the process.
摘要翻译： 通过微生物将甘油转化为1,3-丙二醇的方法包括在标准厌氧发酵条件下将甘油含量为约5％至约20％（重量）的培养基中的微生物发酵并回收1,3-丙二醇。 根据本发明的微生物不会受到大量由该方法生产的1,3-丙二醇的分解代谢阻碍。
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公开(公告)号：US4752408A
公开(公告)日：1988-06-21
申请号：US916908
申请日：1986-10-09
CPC分类号： C11D17/0039 , Y10T428/3192 , Y10T428/31928
摘要： Solid fabric-care preparations showing a tendency towards troublesome interactions, or constituents thereof, are coated by application of dissolved or dispersed organic film-forming polymers soluble in alkaline medium. Suitable polymers contain in particular carboxyl groups and are preferably derived from vinyl esters. The carboxyl groups emanate from copolymerized carboxylic acids which make up from about 2 to 10 mole % of the copolymer. The copolymers are best prepared in the form of finely divided dispersions and optionally contain a protective colloid and/or an emulsifier.
摘要翻译： 通过施加可溶于碱性介质的溶解或分散的有机成膜聚合物，涂覆显示出麻烦相互作用的趋势的固体织物保养制剂或其组分。 合适的聚合物尤其含有羧基，优选衍生自乙烯基酯。 羧基由共聚羧酸衍生，占共聚物的约2〜10摩尔％。 共聚物最好以细碎的分散体的形式制备，并任选地含有保护胶体和/或乳化剂。
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36.发明授权Washing additive in paste form containing an activator for per compounds, and package therefor 失效含有每种化合物的活化剂的糊状洗涤添加剂，并进行包装
公开(公告)号：US4610799A
公开(公告)日：1986-09-09
申请号：US725842
申请日：1985-04-22
IPC分类号： C11D3/395 , C11D1/10 , C11D1/44 , C11D1/62 , C11D1/72 , C11D1/835 , C11D1/94 , C11D3/39 , C11D17/04 , C11D3/32 , C11D17/00 , C11D17/08
CPC分类号： C11D3/3907 , C11D1/835 , C11D1/94 , C11D17/043 , C11D1/10 , C11D1/44 , C11D1/62 , C11D1/72
摘要： A washing additive consisting of a bag, filled with a detergent composition, of a polyvinyl-alcohol-based film readily soluble in borate-containing aqueous solutions. The detergent composition is a mixture of a nonionic surfactant, a quaternary ammonium compound containing a long-chain radical, which may be completely or partly replaced by a fatty amine ethoxylate or by a .beta.-aminoalkyl propionic acid derivative, an activator for per compound, an antigel agent, and a viscosity regulator, wherein the mixture has a viscosity of from 1000 to 100,000 mPas for a shear gradient of from 5 to 500 s.sup.-1.
摘要翻译： 一种由容易溶于含硼酸盐的水溶液的聚乙烯醇类膜的填充有洗涤剂组合物的袋组成的洗涤添加剂。 洗涤剂组合物是非离子表面活性剂，含有长链基团的季铵化合物的混合物，其可以被脂肪胺乙氧基化物或β-氨基烷基丙酸衍生物完全或部分替代，每个化合物的活化剂， 抗凝胶剂和粘度调节剂，其中对于5至500s -1的剪切梯度，该混合物的粘度为1000至100,000mPa·s。
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公开(公告)号：US4595782A
公开(公告)日：1986-06-17
申请号：US671179
申请日：1984-11-14
IPC分类号： C07C261/04 , C07C67/00 , C07C239/00 , C07C125/08
CPC分类号： C07C261/04
摘要： The present invention is for a process for the preparation of alkali metal salts of acyl cyanamides, especially those of aliphatic carboxylic acids by reacting carboxylic acid esters of lower alcohols with monoalkali metal cyanamides. The reaction results in a process which is simple and efficient and one which can be used in commercial scale batch or continuous operations.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过使低级醇的羧酸酯与单碱金属氨基氰反应来制备酰基氰胺的碱金属盐，特别是脂族羧酸的碱金属盐的方法。 反应产生简单有效的方法，可以在商业规模的批量或连续操作中使用。
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38.发明授权Process for concentrating aqueous solutions having temperature-sensitive components 失效用于浓缩具有温度敏感成分的水溶液的方法
公开(公告)号：US4491600A
公开(公告)日：1985-01-01
申请号：US212633
申请日：1980-12-03
CPC分类号： A23L2/08
摘要： This invention relates to a process for concentrating aqueous solutions having temperature-sensitive components. More particularly, this invention relates to an improved process for concentrating aqueous solutions having temperature-sensitive components which comprises the steps of:(a) subjecting the aqueous solution to an ultrafiltration procedure to provide a permeate solution and a residual solution; and(b) subjecting the permeate solution from step (a) to freezing and removing ice crystals formed thereby.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及浓缩具有温敏成分的水溶液的方法。 更具体地，本发明涉及一种用于浓缩具有温度敏感成分的水溶液的改进方法，其包括以下步骤：（a）使该水溶液进行超滤过程以提供渗透液和残余溶液; 和（b）对来自步骤（a）的渗透液进行冷冻和除去由此形成的冰晶。
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39.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4339244A
公开(公告)日：1982-07-13
申请号：US264291
申请日：1981-05-18
申请人： Gunther Just , Franz-Josef Carduck
发明人： Gunther Just , Franz-Josef Carduck
CPC分类号： C01B33/2823
摘要： A process for the reduction of the particle size of coarse grain, crystalline zeolitic sodium aluminosilicate of the NaA type obtained in an aqueous alkaline suspension by crystallization of a reaction mixture suspension formed from sodium aluminate solution and sodium silicate solution, said sodium aluminosilicate having a large cation exchange capacity consisting essentially of subjecting said aqueous alkaline suspension of the crystallized sodium aluminosilicate to treatment on a vibrating screen having a substantially uniform mesh size between 25 to 100 .mu.m, the number of vibrations per minute and the amplitude of oscillation of said screen being so selected that at least 99.95 percent by weight, based on the anhydrous weight, of sodium aluminosilicate particles recovered have a particle size of less than 100 .mu.m, the said aqueous alkaline suspension of the crystallized sodium aluminosilicate having a molar ratio of 2.5-5 Na.sub.2 O:1 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 :1.8 to 2 SiO.sub.2 :50-100 H.sub.2 O.
摘要翻译： 一种通过结晶由铝酸钠溶液和硅酸钠溶液形成的反应混合物悬浮液，在碱性水溶液中获得的NaA型结晶沸石钠铝硅酸盐的粒度降低的方法，所述铝硅酸钠具有大的 阳离子交换能力主要包括使结晶的硅铝酸钠的水性碱性悬浮液在具有25至100μm之间的基本上均匀的筛网尺寸的振动筛上进行处理，每分钟的振动次数和所述筛网的振荡幅度为 选择至少99.95重量％，基于无水重量，回收的硅铝酸钠颗粒的粒度小于100微米，所述结晶的硅铝酸钠水溶液的碱性悬浮液的摩尔比为2.5-5 Na 2 O：1 Al 2 O 3：1.8〜2SiO 2：50〜100H 2 O。
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公开(公告)号：US4335144A
公开(公告)日：1982-06-15
申请号：US226146
申请日：1981-01-19
CPC分类号： C12N1/04
摘要： Porous granules of active yeast are produced by mixing moist yeast having a solids content of 30% to 40% with a gas in an amount of 0.2 to 2.0 times the volume of the yeast, extruding the resultant mixture at a pressure of from 1 to 10 atmospheres through orifices having a length to diameter ratio of about 1:1 to 4:1 and allowing escape of gas from the interior of the resultant extrudate to form pores communicating with the surface to produce porous granules of active yeast. The granules may be dried to produce active dry yeast granules having a total surface area formed by the outside surface plus the interior surface of the granules of at least 1.5 times the total area of the outside surface of the granules. The active dry yeast granules have good vitality and are capable of rapid rehydration and regeneration.
摘要翻译： 活性酵母的多孔颗粒通过将固体含量为30％至40％的湿酵母与酵母体积的0.2至2.0倍的气体混合而制得，将所得混合物在1至10的压力下挤出 大气通过具有约1:1至4:1的长径比的孔，并允许气体从所得挤出物的内部排出，以形成与表面连通的孔，以产生活性酵母的多孔颗粒。 可以将颗粒干燥以产生具有由外表面加上颗粒的内表面形成的总表面积至少为颗粒外表面总面积的1.5倍的活性干酵母颗粒。 活性干酵母颗粒具有良好的活力，能快速补液和再生。
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