摘要:
A polishing apparatus is used for polishing a plate-like workpiece, such as a semiconductor wafer or a glass substrate. The polishing apparatus has a polishing table having a polishing surface thereon, a plurality of workpiece holders each for holding a workpiece and pressing the workpiece against the polishing surface, and a dresser for dressing the polishing surface by pressing a desired position of the polishing surface.
摘要:
A grinding plate has abrasive particles dispersed uniformly. The grinding plate is made by applying ultrasonic vibration when dispersing the abrasive particles in an organic solvent containing a binder material. The grinding plate is fixed on a base section in a wetted state. The grinding plate is divided into a plurality of segments and is fixed to a flat surface of the base section, and the segments are separated by a given distance.
摘要:
A polishing apparatus includes a rotatable polishing pad having a polishing surface, a carrier for carrying an article to be polished and a support for stationarily supporting the carrier in such a manner that the article carried by the carrier is engaged with the polishing surface. A universal joint is provided between the carrier and the support. A sensor device senses a friction force generated between the article and the polishing surface as the polishing pad is rotated and imposed on the carrier. A pressing device has a plurality of pushers arranged around the joint to apply pressures to the carrier towards the polishing pad. A control unit determines magnitudes of pressures applied to the carrier by the respective pushers on the basis of the friction force sensed by the sensor device so that a total pressure applied to the carrier against the flat polishing surface including the pressures applied by the pushers compensates an angular moment acting on the carrier about the joint which is generated by the friction force acting between the article and the flat polishing surface.
摘要:
A polishing apparatus polishes a workpiece to a planar mirror finish stably, and is prevented from being vibrated while polishing is carried out. The polishing apparatus has a rotatable holding member for holding the workpiece, and a bearing supporting an outer circumferential surface of the holding member, for suppressing vibrations transmitted to the holder while the workpiece is being polished.
摘要:
A polishing apparatus polishes a workpiece such as a semiconductor wafer while detecting a thickness or a flatness of a surface layer of the workpiece on a real-time basis. The polishing apparatus includes a turntable with a polishing cloth mounted on an upper surface thereof, and a top ring disposed above the turntable for supporting a workpiece to be polished and such workpiece against the polishing cloth. The polishing apparatus also has a thickness detector for detecting the thickness of a surface layer of the workpiece supported by the top ring while the workpiece is being polished without exposing the workpiece. The thickness detector includes a sensor mounted in the turntable and including at least one light-emitting element for emitting light toward the surface layer of the workpiece and at least one light-detecting element for detecting light reflected from the surface layer of the workpiece.
摘要:
A sensor apparatus includes: a sensor panel that includes an input operation surface and is configured to detect positional coordinates of a detection object that comes into contact with the input operation surface; a casing; and a pressure-sensitive sensor that includes a first electrode fixed on the sensor panel side, a second electrode fixed on the casing side, and an elastic member that is provided between the sensor panel and the casing and elastically supports the sensor panel with respect to the casing, includes, between the first electrode and the second electrode, a first area formed with a first capacitance and a second area formed with a second capacitance larger than the first capacitance, and is configured to detect a pressing force input to the input operation surface as a change in a capacitance between the first electrode and the second electrode.
摘要:
Disclosed is to provide with an optical recording medium of a write-once type in which an excellent recording characteristic can be obtained over low speed recording to high speed recording. In an optical recording medium having a recording layer that contains an organic dye, the recording layer is configured to have at least an organic dye expressed by a general formula shown in the following chemical formula 1 (in this formula, R1 represents an alkyl group of carbon number 1 through 4, R2 and R3 represent respectively an alkyl group of carbon number 1 through 4 and a benzyl group or group forming three to six-member ring by coupling, each of Y1 and Y2 represents independently an organic group, and X represents ClO4, FB4, PF6, and SbF6) and an organic dye expressed by a general formula shown in the following chemical formula 2 (in this formula, R1 and R4 represent an alkyl group of carbon number 1 through 4, R2 and R3 represent respectively an alkyl group of carbon number 1 through 4 and a benzyl group or group forming three to six-member ring by coupling, each of Y1 and Y2 represents independently an organic group, and X represents ClO4, FB4, PF6, and SbF6).
摘要:
A magneto-optical recording medium for MSR reproduction of a high signal quality wherein both faces of a land and a groove are used as recording tracks is disclosed. A magneto-optical recording medium wherein both of a land portion and a groove portion on a substrate are used as recording and reproduction tracks while laser light having passed through an objective lens is illuminated on the recording and reproduction tracks is configured that a ratio Wg/Wl between a track width (Wg) of the groove portion and a track width (Wl) of the land portion is equal to or higher than 0.65 but equal to or lower than 0.85, and, where the wavelength of the laser light is represented by λ, the numerical aperture of the objective lens by NA and the refractive index of the substrate by n, the groove distance Gp is equal to or greater than 1.0×λ/NA but equal to or smaller than 1.2×λ/NA and besides the depth D of the groove is equal to or greater than λ/11 n but equal to or smaller than λ/8 n.
摘要:
The present invention provides novel cyclic amide derivatives having activity for protecting against the ultraviolet rays, activity for scavenging active oxygen species and activity for inhibiting the formation of lipid peroxides, which is represented by the following general formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.2 is a hydroxyl group, a lower alkenyloxy group, a phenyl-lower alkenyloxy group, a cycloalkenyloxy group, a tetrahydropyranyloxy group, a pyridyloxy group, or a lower alkanoyloxy group which may have carboxyl group(s).
摘要:
Graphic data of design objects designated by an input device are retrieved from a design object data memory and displayed on a display device. A restrictive item applied to the design object displayed on the display device and redesignated by the input device is read from the design object data memory. Specification data of the designated design objects are also read from the design object data memory. A condition part of the design reference is made based on the redesignated design object and the selected specification data, and an end portion of the design reference is made based on the redesignated design object, the selected restrictive item and a reference value entered by the input device. The design reference including the condition part and the end portion is displayed on the display device and stored into a design reference memory.