摘要:
A semiconductor device includes an ESD device region disposed within a semiconductor body of a first semiconductor type, an isolation region surrounding the ESD device region, a first doped region of a second conductivity type disposed at a surface of the semiconductor body within the ESD region, and a second doped region of the first conductivity type disposed between the semiconductor body within the ESD region and at least a portion of the first doped region, where the doping concentration of the second doped region is higher than the semiconductor body. A third doped region of the second semiconductor type is disposed on the semiconductor body and a fourth region of the first conductivity type is disposed over the third doped region. A fifth doped region of the second conductivity type is disposed on the semiconductor body. A trigger device and an SCR is formed therefrom.
摘要:
A reticle for use in a semiconductor lithographic system includes at least two separated reticle parts. Each part includes a pattern to be transferred lithographically to a substrate. At least one of the two separated reticle parts is independently replaceable.
摘要:
An apparatus for heating fuel, in particular alcohol, for the operation of combustion engines. The latter can be operated with alcohol or with an alcohol/gasoline mixture. The apparatus for heating fuel is integrated into the injection system of the combustion engine operable with alcohol or with an alcohol/gasoline mixture. The apparatus comprises a thin-walled heating tube that is received in a housing and surrounds a heating element. The heating element is produced from a material that exhibits a considerable rise in its electrical resistance with increasing temperature.
摘要:
A circuit arrangement including a capacitor in an n-type well is disclosed. A specific polarization of the capacitor ensures that a depletion zone arises in the well and the capacitor has a high ESD strength. An optionally present auxiliary doping layer ensures a high area capacitance of the capacitor despite high ESD strength.
摘要:
Exhaust-gas sensors that have a sensor element, which is surrounded by two protective tubes on a side facing the exhaust gas and which is additionally protected by a porous fiber package, are already known. The fiber package is disposed between the two protective tubes and is meant to protect the sensor element from thermal shock by water droplets hitting the sensor element. When the exhaust gas sensor is used as primary catalytic converter or raw emission sensor, the sensor element can get damaged by sulfur compounds contained in the exhaust gas. In the exhaust-gas sensor according to the invention, damage to the sensor element by exhaust-gas components contained in the exhaust gas is reliably prevented. According to the invention, the adsorption means is implemented in such a way that sulfur, phosphorus or silicon compounds are trapped irreversibly.
摘要:
A ceramic resistor element or sensor element includes a ceramic substrate, which is exposable to a gas atmosphere containing carbon compounds, the ceramic substrate being provided with a coating. The coating includes copper, cerium and/or vanadium.
摘要:
A contamination-resistant sensor element and methods for making the same are provided. A sensor element may include a contamination-resistant coating on at least a portion thereof. The coating may comprise gamma-delta alumina and lithium oxide and may have a thickness of about 100 to about 600 microns and a porosity of about 20 to about 70 percent. The method may include using gamma-delta alumina and lithium oxide to form a mixture, applying the mixture to at least a portion of a sensor element, and temperature treated the mixture to form a contamination-resistant coating on the surface of the measuring cell.
摘要:
A method of manufacturing an exhaust gas sensor includes providing a sensor element having an open end, a closed end, and an inner surface defining a chamber between the open and closed ends. The method further includes inserting a nozzle into the chamber, supplying an electrode material to the nozzle, and without substantially any relative movement between the nozzle and the sensor element, atomizing the electrode material to form a mist of electrode material that substantially surrounds the tip of the nozzle and deposits onto the inner surface of the sensor element to form an inner electrode.
摘要:
A chronograph has a clock movement for driving a second chronograph hand and a minute chronograph hand and a control apparatus for stopping the second chronograph hand and the minute chronograph hand and for setting in motion a rattrapante mechanism of a second rattrapante indicator and a minute rattrapante indicator. The rattrapante mechanism has a common trip element for starting and stopping the second rattrapante indicator and the minute rattrapante indicator. A catch is triggered by the common trip element for engaging or disengaging from a ratchet recess of a plurality of ratchet recesses that are distributed evenly on the periphery of a minute rattrapante wheel. The minute rattrapante wheel is connected to a minute rattrapante shaft of a minute rattrapante indicator. The number of ratchet recesses on the minute rattrapante wheel corresponds to the number of increments of the minute chronograph hand per revolution.
摘要:
A method for correcting local loading-effects in photomask etching includes the steps of determining the location-dependent density of structures of a mask; determining the location-dependent strength of the loading effect with the aid of the structure density; and determining location-dependent correction values for the mask structures with the aid of the strength of the loading effect for the purpose of compensating the loading effect. It is recognized that the strength of location-dependent loading effects can be predicted with the aid of the location-dependent structure density and therefore compensated.