Abstract:
Embodiments of the invention provide processes for vapor depositing tungsten-containing materials, such as metallic tungsten and tungsten nitride. In one embodiment, a method for forming a tungsten-containing material is provided which includes positioning a substrate within a processing chamber containing a lid plate, heating the lid plate to a temperature within a range from about 120° C. to about 180° C., exposing the substrate to a reducing gas during a pre-nucleation soak process, and depositing a first tungsten nucleation layer on the substrate during a first atomic layer deposition process within the processing chamber. The method further provides depositing a tungsten nitride layer on the first tungsten nucleation layer during a vapor deposition process, depositing a second tungsten nucleation layer on the tungsten nitride layer during a second atomic layer deposition process within the processing chamber, and exposing the substrate to another reducing gas during a post-nucleation soak process.
Abstract:
Embodiments of the invention provide apparatuses for vapor depositing tungsten-containing materials, such as metallic tungsten and tungsten nitride. In one embodiment, a processing chamber is provided which includes a lid assembly containing a lid plate, a showerhead, a mixing cavity, a distribution cavity, and a resistive heating element contained within the lid plate. In one example, the resistive heating element is configured to provide the lid plate at a temperature within a range from about 120° C. to about 180° C., preferably, from about 140° C. to about 160° C., more preferably, from about 145° C. to about 155° C. The mixing cavity may be in fluid communication with a tungsten precursor source containing tungsten hexafluoride and a nitrogen precursor source containing ammonia. In some embodiments, a single processing chamber may be used to deposit metallic tungsten and tungsten nitride materials by CVD processes.
Abstract:
Color calibration methods for a digital image capture device are provided. Identification of a printer is first received. It is determined whether color information of the printer is stored in the digital image capture device. If so, the color information is sent from the digital image capture device to the printer for printing. If not, the digital image capture device converts hue value calibration data to acquire color related data for printing.
Abstract:
A new method and structure is provided for the creation of a copper dual damascene interconnect. A dual damascene structure is created in the layer of dielectric, optionally a metal barrier layer is deposited over exposed surfaces of the dual damascene structure. A copper seed layer is deposited, the dual damascene structure is filled with copper. An anneal is applied to the created copper interconnect after which excess copper is removed from the dielectric. Of critical importance to the invention, a thin layer of oxide is then deposited as a cap layer over the copper dual damascene interconnect, an etch stop layer is then deposited over the thin layer of oxide for continued upper-level metallization.
Abstract:
An electrochemical test sensor is adapted to measure glucose and correct for the oxygen effect in a fluid sample. The test sensor comprises a base, first and second working electrodes, and a counter electrode. The first working electrode includes glucose oxidase, a mediator and peroxidase. The second working electrode includes glucose oxidase and the mediator. The first working electrode, the second working electrode and the counter electrode are located on the base. In other embodiments, an electrochemical test sensor is adapted to measure cholesterol, lactate, pyruvate or xanthine and correct for the oxygen effect in a fluid sample.
Abstract:
A lens for a linear light source may include a top and a bottom, the bottom including an incident surface, and a first supporting surface and a second supporting surface respectively at each side of the incident surface, and the top including an emergent surface, wherein the top further comprises a total internally reflective surface, and wherein in a cross section, the emergent surface is joined with the first supporting surface, the total internally reflective surface is joined with the second supporting surface, one part of light from the linear light source incidents into the incident surface and emerges after refracted by the emergent surface, and the other part of light incidents into the incident surface and reflected by the total internally reflective surface and then emerges after refracted by the emergent surface.
Abstract:
A vaginal dilator having side blades or having upper and lower blades including accessorial blades is described. The vaginal dilator includes an upper blade, a pressing member, a lower blade and a handle. The upper and lower blades are connected by a pin. The pressing member is engaged with the handle by a first dilating fixation device. The vaginal dilator having side blades includes an arc-shaped movable locating sleeve rotationally connected with the upper blade. Each end of the sleeve is provided with a mounting base. The mounting base is provided with a joint cavity for receiving a side blade which can be retracted between the upper and lower blades. The back portion of the side blade is provided with a second dilating fixation device engaged with the back end of the upper blade or a locating buckle of the mounting base.
Abstract:
A frying-roasting device comprises a bottom base, an oil storing plate, an electric heating frying-roasting plate and an upper cover. There are bosses extending backwards at two sides of a back end of the bottom base. R-shaped orbits are included that have openings from the bosses' back end that extend toward the bosses' front lower parts. Jointed shafts extend outward at a back end of two sides of the upper cover. The jointed shafts are inserted in the r-shaped orbits to form a hinging connection. There are two blocking walls that extend from a back end to an inside of each boss. The height of the two blocking walls is lower than openings of the r-shaped orbits. When the upper cover is opened, the back connecting member is blocked by the frying-roasting plate and the two blocking walls so that the upper cover remains sloped.
Abstract:
The invention includes dosage formulations, dosage forms and related methods for providing oral dosage forms of low solubility active ingredients such as coenzyme Q10. The present invention includes a Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SMEDDS) in the form of a self-microemulsifying mixture that comprises a combination of a hydrophilic surfactant and a lipophilic co-surfactant (forming a surfactant pair). The preferred surfactant pair comprises a hydrophilic surfactant and a lipophilic co-surfactant with respective HLB (Hydrophile-Lipophile Balance) values of more than 12 and less than 8 respectively. The systems also contain at least one lipophilic solvent. The formulations exhibited excellent dissolution properties and storage stability.