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公开(公告)号：US07038612B2
公开(公告)日：2006-05-02
申请号：US10634303
申请日：2003-08-05
IPC分类号： G01S13/90
CPC分类号： G01S7/295 , G01S13/9017
摘要： A Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) avoids the need for an INS/GPS by focusing a SAR image having discernible features and a center. The image is formed from digitized returns, each of the digitized returns having a phase and an amplitude. The focusing steps of an algorithm processing the digitized returns include: computing a coarse range and coarse range rate of the center of the image, motion compensating the digitized returns, converting the digitized returns in polar format into an orthogonal Cartesian coordinate system, autofocusing the image data to obtain a focused image, performing a Fourier transform to obtain a focused image described by the returns, computing an estimated fine range and fine range rate from features contained within the focused image, and converging the fine range and fine range rate within the orthogonal Cartesian coordinate system for use within the azimuth and range coordinate system and motion compensating the digitized returns.
摘要翻译： 合成孔径雷达（SAR）通过聚焦具有可辨别特征和中心的SAR图像来避免对INS / GPS的需要。 图像由数字化返回形成，每个数字化返回具有相位和幅度。 处理数字化回报的算法的聚焦步骤包括：计算图像中心的粗略范围和粗略范围速率，运动补偿数字化返回，将极坐标格式的数字化返回转换为正交笛卡尔坐标系，自动对焦图像 数据以获得聚焦图像，执行傅里叶变换以获得通过返回描述的聚焦图像，从聚焦图像中包含的特征计算估计的细微范围和微细范围速率，并且将精细范围和精细范围速率收敛在正交内 笛卡尔坐标系在方位角和范围坐标系中使用，运动补偿数字化回报。
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公开(公告)号：US06853330B1
公开(公告)日：2005-02-08
申请号：US10845884
申请日：2004-05-13
CPC分类号： G01S13/9023 , G01S7/4026 , G01S7/52004 , G01S2007/403 , G01S2007/4034 , G01S2007/4091
摘要： A radar system derives a correction for an actual boresight (311) of a radar monopulse antenna mounted on a moving platform from Σ data and Δ data generated with respect to an a priori known, calibrated boresight (309). The monopulse antenna (602) is coupled to a ground position measuring system (616) while acquiring data. The radar receiver acquires a Σ and Δ synthetic aperture map of the same radar scattering location with respect to the calibrated boresight. Σ SAR data and the Δ SAR data are motion compensated using the position and velocity supplied by the ground positioning system. A computer forms a ratio of the aligned Δ pixels to the aligned Σ pixels for each of a plurality of aligned Σ pixels located near the calibrated boresight. The correction for the location of the actual boresight of the monopulse antenna is computed by an analysis of the ratio of aligned Σ pixels and corresponding aligned Δ pixels over the radar scattering location. Typically, a least square fit analysis is used to plot the Δ/Σ ratio, and ascertain where the zero crossing of the monopulse angle=0 line is found thereby identifying the position of the actual boresight, and the correction from the a priori, calibrated boresight.
摘要翻译： 雷达系统对从Sigma数据安装在移动平台上的雷达单脉冲天线的实际视轴（311）和相对于先前已知的校准视轴（309）生成的Delta数据进行校正。 单脉冲天线（602）在获取数据的同时耦合到接地位置测量系统（616）。 雷达接收机相对于校准视轴获取相同雷达散射位置的Sigma和Delta合成孔径图。 Sigma SAR数据和Delta SAR数据使用地面定位系统提供的位置和速度进行运动补偿。 计算机为位于校准视轴附近的多个对齐的Sigma像素中的每一个形成对齐的Delta像素与对准的Sigma像素的比率。 单脉冲天线的实际视轴的位置的校正是通过对雷达散射位置上对齐的Sigma像素和对应的对齐的Delta像素的比率的分析来计算的。 通常，使用最小二乘拟合分析来绘制Delta / Sigma比，并确定单脉冲角= 0线的过零点在哪里被找到，从而识别实际视轴的位置，以及来自先验校准的校正 视线。
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33.发明授权Efficient wideband waveform generation and signal processing design for an active multi-beam ESA digital radar system 失效用于有源多波束ESA数字雷达系统的高效宽带波形生成和信号处理设计公开(公告)号：US06778137B2
公开(公告)日：2004-08-17
申请号：US10106335
申请日：2002-03-26
IPC分类号： H01Q324
CPC分类号： H01Q25/00 , G01S7/282 , G01S13/426 , H01Q3/26
摘要： An efficient digital wideband waveform generation and signal processing system for multi-beam electronically scanned antenna array (ESA) radar systems. The digital waveform generator (50) first produces a series of waveform phase angles corresponding to the phase angles of a common signal to be transmitted by the ESA. Then, for each antenna element, the waveform phase angles are adjusted to steer the beam by adding a time delay and a phase adjustment. A digital signal is then produced for each antenna element by applying a cosine function to the adjusted phase angles. In the illustrative embodiment, this is accomplished using a cosine look-up table (14). Each digital cosine wave is then stored in a serial memory buffer (16A to 16L) in preparation for conversion to digital. Each of digital signals is passed through a digital to analog converter (18A to 18L) and an RF filter (20A to 20L) at each antenna element. The resulting analog signals are each amplified by a power amplifier (22A to 22L), and then sent through a wideband circulator (24A to 24L) to an antenna element (26A to 26L). On receive, at each antenna element (26A to 26L), a wideband linear amplifier (30A to 30L) and an RF filter (32A to 32L) provide rejection of out of band signals while providing amplification and signal conditioning for the following analog to digital converter (34A to 34L). The resulting digital signals (one for each element) are sent through the (36A to 36L) which separate each digital signal into N frequency channels. A digital beam formation unit (38A to 38N) for each frequency channel then forms multiple digital simultaneous beams by combining like frequency channels from each antenna element with an added phase adjustment.
摘要翻译： 一种用于多光束电子扫描天线阵列（ESA）雷达系统的高效数字宽带波形生成和信号处理系统。 数字波形发生器（50）首先产生一系列与由ESA发射的公共信号的相位角对应的波形相位角。 然后，对于每个天线元件，调整波形相位角以通过添加时间延迟和相位调整来引导波束。 然后通过对调整后的相位角应用余弦函数，为每个天线元件产生数字信号。 在说明性实施例中，这是使用余弦查找表（14）来实现的。 然后将每个数字余弦波存储在串行存储器缓冲器（16A至16L）中，以准备转换为数字。 每个数字信号通过数模转换器（18A至18L）和每个天线元件处的RF滤波器（20A至20L）。 所得到的模拟信号各自由功率放大器（22A至22L）放大，然后通过宽带环行器（24A至24L）发送到天线元件（26A至26L）。 在接收时，在每个天线元件（26A至26L）处，宽带线性放大器（30A至30L）和RF滤波器（32A至32L）提供带外信号的抑制，同时为随后的模数转换器提供放大和信号调节 转换器（34A至34L）。 所得到的数字信号（每个元件一个）通过（36A至36L）发送，其将每个数字信号分成N个频率信道。 每个频道的数字波束形成单元（38A至38N）然后通过组合来自每个天线元件的类似的频率信道和相加的相位调整来形成多个数字同时波束。
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34.发明授权Enhanced emitter location using adaptive combination of time shared interferometer elements 有权使用时间共享干涉仪元件的自适应组合增强发射器位置公开(公告)号：US06759981B1
公开(公告)日：2004-07-06
申请号：US10345776
申请日：2003-01-15
IPC分类号： G01S502
CPC分类号： G01S3/48
摘要： An interferometer array system for processing pulse signals from a target emitter includes an n element interferometer array of radiator elements for producing radiator signals in response to the pulse signals from the target emitter. M processing channels process radiator signal elements, where m
摘要翻译： 用于处理来自目标发射器的脉冲信号的干涉仪阵列系统包括用于响应于来自目标发射器的脉冲信号产生辐射器信号的辐射器元件的n个元素干涉仪阵列。 M处理通道处理散热器信号元素，其中m
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公开(公告)号：US06653972B1
公开(公告)日：2003-11-25
申请号：US10143433
申请日：2002-05-09
IPC分类号： G01S1372
CPC分类号： G01S13/723 , F41G7/303 , F41G7/305 , F41G7/308 , G01S13/003
摘要： A system and method (32) for measuring line-of-sight angular rates for all-weather precision guidance of distributed projectiles (16) and a guidance system (10) based thereon. In accordance with the novel method (32) for measuring line-of-sight angular rates, first the range rates of the target (14) relative to at least two projectiles (16) is determined, as well as the position and velocity of each projectile (16). Then, the line-of-sight angular rate of the target (14) relative to at least one projectile (16) is computed from the range rates, positions, and velocities. In the illustrative embodiment, the range rate of the target (14) relative to a projectile (16) is determined based on a monostatic target Doppler measurement, a monostatic projectile Doppler measurement, a bistatic Doppler measurement of the target (14) by the projectile (16), and the carrier frequency of a data link (26) between the projectile and the shipboard system. The guidance system (10) of the present invention includes a monostatic radar (18) illuminating the target (14), bistatic receivers (44) aboard at least two projectiles (16) fired at the target (14), and a system (32) for determining line-of-sight angular rates to the target based on the monostatic measurements and the bistatic measurements from at least two projectiles. The guidance system (10) further includes a system (34) for computing guidance command signals for at least one projectile based on the line-of-sight angular rates, and a projectile steering unit (52) aboard at least one projectile for steering the projectile based on the guidance command signals.
摘要翻译： 一种系统和方法（32），用于根据该系统和方法（32）来测量分布式射弹（16）和引导系统（10）的全天候精确指导的视距角速率。 根据用于测量视线角速率的新颖方法（32），首先确定目标（14）相对于至少两个射弹（16）的范围速率以及每个 射弹（16）。 然后，从范围速率，位置和速度计算目标（14）相对于至少一个射弹（16）的视线角速度。 在说明性实施例中，靶（14）相对于射弹（16）的范围速率基于单体目标多普勒测量，单稳射弹多普勒测量，射弹的目标（14）的双向多普勒测量来确定 （16），以及射弹与船上系统之间的数据链路（26）的载波频率。 本发明的引导系统（10）包括照亮目标（14）的单体雷达（18），在目标（14）上发射的至少两个射弹（16）上的双稳态接收器（44）和系统（32） ），用于基于来自至少两个射弹的单稳态测量和双基地测量来确定目标的视线角速率。 引导系统（10）还包括一个系统（34），用于基于视线角速度来计算至少一个射弹的引导命令信号;以及抛射转向单元（52），至少一个射弹，用于转向 基于导弹指挥信号的弹丸。
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公开(公告)号：US06650272B2
公开(公告)日：2003-11-18
申请号：US10050481
申请日：2002-01-16
IPC分类号： G01S1390
CPC分类号： G01S13/89 , G01S7/292 , G01S13/524
摘要： A method for exciting an antenna with a waveform having a burst width and pulse width scaled proportionately with a selected range scale and a temporal filter to address any ambiguities in range resulting from the transmission of a signal in accordance with the novel waveform. The inventive filtering method includes the step of scanning a beam including a plurality of pulses of electromagnetic energy. The step of scanning the beam includes the step of outputting a beam excited by a waveform having a burst width and pulse width scaled proportionately with a selected range scale. Reflections of these pulses are received as return signals. The returns are processed to extract range in range rate measurements. The range and range rate measurements are compressed to form a plurality of range bins. The pulses are selectively weighted to reduce sidelobes resulting from a subsequent Fast Fourier transform (FFT) operation. The FFT operation is then performed for a predetermined number of pulses in at least one of the range bins at at least one frequency. A second FFT operation is then performed for pixels of azimuth data across the range bins. Finally, ambiguity nulling weights are provided and applied to each pixel of data in each range bin.
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37.发明授权Technique for robust characterization of weak RF emitters and accurate time difference of arrival estimation for passive ranging of RF emitters 失效弱射频发射器的鲁棒表征技术和射频发射器被动测距的准确到达时间差估计公开(公告)号：US06646602B2
公开(公告)日：2003-11-11
申请号：US10091197
申请日：2002-03-05
IPC分类号： G01S502
CPC分类号： G01S5/02 , G01S5/0221 , G01S5/06 , G01S7/021
摘要： A system for locating the position of an emitter emitting a signal having time domain features is described. At least two platforms are used. Both have a receiver for detecting the emitter signal, an FFT channelizer to act as a bandpass filter for extracting the time domain features from the emitter signal, and a thresholder for thresholding the time domain signal. An FFT transform and a correlator using templates further extract frequency domain markers identifying the emitter. The frequency domain markers identifying the emitter are transmitted between platforms using a wireless link increasing the probability of detection of the emitter at all platforms.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于定位发射具有时域特征的信号的发射器的位置的系统。 至少使用两个平台。 两者都具有用于检测发射极信号的接收器，用于从发射极信号中提取时域特征的带通滤波器的FFT信道器，以及用于对时域信号进行阈值处理的阈值器。 使用模板的FFT变换和相关器进一步提取识别发射器的频域标记。识别发射器的频域标记使用无线链路在平台之间传输，增加了在所有平台上发射器的检测概率。
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38.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5933113A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-03
申请号：US711428
申请日：1996-09-05
CPC分类号： H01Q25/00 , H01Q21/061 , H01Q3/04 , H01Q3/22 , H01Q3/2676
摘要： Fiber optic delay lines in the form of a modified corporate feed having progressive phase delays and a corporate feed having equal phase delays are used to couple RF modulated light signals to detecting, mixing, amplifying and radiating devices of an active array radar. Different RF signals may be sent over the same fiber delay lines using different light colors (or wavelengths) so that the RF modulated signals in the fiber delay lines do not interact with each other. The RF signals can be put on and taken out of the fiber lines using wavelength division multiplexers, for example. This provides an array with a single optical manifold that allows simultaneous full aperture operation at multiple frequencies and/or beams over a wide operating frequency range.
摘要翻译： 使用具有逐行相位延迟的修改后的公司馈送形式的光纤延迟线和具有相等相位延迟的公司馈线将RF调制光信号耦合到有源阵列雷达的检测，混合，放大和辐射器件。 可以使用不同的光色（或波长）在相同的光纤延迟线上发送不同的RF信号，使得光纤延迟线中的RF调制信号彼此不相互作用。 例如，可以使用波分复用器将RF信号放在光纤线路中并从光纤线路中取出。 这提供了具有单个光学歧管的阵列，其允许在宽的工作频率范围内在多个频率和/或波束处同时进行全孔径操作。
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公开(公告)号：US5225841A
公开(公告)日：1993-07-06
申请号：US722023
申请日：1991-06-27
CPC分类号： G01S7/2813 , G01S13/4409 , H01Q3/247
摘要： Variable array thinning to achieve efficient radar pulse shaping for advanced radar waveforms such as pulse burst or monopulse doppler. At the beginning of the pulse, only a few elements, spread out over the array, are turned on. The effective amplitude can be controlled with precision because each element is either off or at saturation. High efficiency is maintained because the off-state of each element is long enough so that prime power is not consumed.
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公开(公告)号：US07205927B2
公开(公告)日：2007-04-17
申请号：US11144130
申请日：2005-06-03
IPC分类号： G01S13/90
CPC分类号： G01S13/90
摘要： A radar on a moving platform for three dimensional target recognition of a target on a flat or sloping terrain is described. The target is illuminated from a plurality of locations to generate images at many aspect angles. The radar is positioned at a low grazing angle with respect to the target for generating a shadow of the target on the flat or sloping terrain for each aspect angle of the plurality of aspect angles. The radar comprises an analog to digital converter for converting reflections from the target induced by radar illumination into target digital data and for converting reflections induced by the illumination from the flat or sloping terrain into terrain digital data. The radar further comprises a computer for extracting radar images of the target and its shadow(s) at the plurality of aspect angles at low grazing angles; computing the slope of the terrain from the terrain digital data; correlating a plurality of the radar images to compute a three dimensional image of the target from the shadow of the target upon the flat or sloping terrain; and classifying the three dimensional image for target recognition using a target recognition algorithm.
摘要翻译： 描述了在平坦或倾斜地形上的目标的三维目标识别的移动平台上的雷达。 从多个位置照射目标以在许多方面的角度产生图像。 相对于目标，雷达被定位在相对于目标的低掠角处，用于在多个方位角的每个方位角度上产生平坦或倾斜地形上的目标的阴影。 该雷达包括模数转换器，用于将由雷达照明引起的目标的反射转换成目标数字数据，并将由平坦或倾斜地形引起的照明反射转换为地形数字数据。 该雷达还包括用于以低掠角度以多个方位角提取目标的雷达图像及其阴影的计算机; 从地形数字数据计算地形的斜率; 将多个雷达图像相关联以在平坦或倾斜的地形上从目标的阴影计算目标的三维图像; 并使用目标识别算法对目标识别的三维图像进行分类。
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