摘要:
There is described a method of producing a rod-shaped base material for an optical transmission fiber which has the steps of advantageously measuring the refractive index distribution of the transparent glass rod obtained. The method contemplates heating and sintering the glass soot unit before the step of covering quartz glass material onto the transparent glass rod and removing the outer peripheral part of the transparent glass rod in which the value of the refractive index is largely displaced from a reference in a predetermined range. The rod-shaped base material thus produced exhibits very wide band width transmission characteristics.
摘要:
A solute-separating membrane consisting of a polyoxadiazole series resin containing at least one of the structural units of formulae: ##STR1## wherein Ar and Ar' are same or different multivalent aromatic residues, and R is an alkyl, cycloalkyl or aralkyl group having from 1 to 7 carbon atoms, and swollen to a swelling degree of 1.7-15 with a swelling agent of water, a solvent miscible with water, or a mixture of water and the solvent has a high separating ability and further has high mechanical strength and chemical and thermal stabilities.
摘要:
The present invention aims to improve the polishing rate during the polishing process of semiconductor substrates, hard disk substrates or the like by using a polishing composition containing silica particles, water, a basic substance and an inorganic salt, and by a polishing method using such a polishing composition.This polishing composition can be produced by mixing silica particles, water, a basic substance and an inorganic salt, and it is also obtained by adding an inorganic salt into a conventionally known alkaline polishing composition containing silica particles.As the inorganic salt, there is used an alkali metal salt or an ammonium salt such as KCl, K2SO4, KNO3, NaCl, Na2SO4, NaNO3, NH4Cl, NH4NO3, and (NH4)2S04.A polishing composition, wherein silica particles do not agglomerate when an inorganic salt is added, can improve the polishing rate significantly.
摘要翻译:本发明旨在通过使用含有二氧化硅颗粒,水,碱性物质和无机盐的抛光组合物,通过使用这样的抛光方法,提高半导体衬底,硬盘衬底等的抛光工艺中的抛光速率 抛光组合物。 该抛光组合物可以通过混合二氧化硅颗粒,水,碱性物质和无机盐来制备,并且也可以通过将无机盐加入到常规已知的含有二氧化硅颗粒的碱性抛光组合物中来获得。 作为无机盐,使用碱金属盐或铵盐如KCl,K 2 SO 4,KNO 3,NaCl ,Na 2 SO 4,NaNO 3,NH 4 Cl,NH 4, NO 3 3,和(NH 4)2 S 2 S 4。 当添加无机盐时,其中二氧化硅颗粒不附聚的抛光组合物可以显着地提高抛光速率。
摘要:
A concentrated composition of a color developer replenisher for a silver halide color photographic material, the composition comprising a single solution, wherein the solution comprises 0.14 mol/liter or more of a p-phenylenediamine color developing agent, the solution has a specific gravity of 1.2 or more, the solution has pH of 13.3 or more, the solution comprises from 0.2 to 1 mol/liter of at least one compound selected from benzenesulfonic acids which may be substituted with an alkyl group, and lactams, and the solution comprises substantially no alkanolamine.
摘要:
A development processing apparatus for a silver halide color paper, comprising: a first processing tank for processing a light-sensitive material with a color developer; a second processing tank for successively processing the light-sensitive material with a bleaching solution; a third processing tank for successively processing the light-sensitive material with a solution having a fixing ability; and a passage between the second processing tank and the third processing tank, wherein the passage is sealed while the passage allows to pass the light-sensitive material, and the light-sensitive material is conveyed in a solution without contacting air through the passage. And a method for processing a silver halide color paper, wherein the light-sensitive material is conveyed in a solution without contacting air, and wherein a sum of a processing time is 12 seconds or shorter.
摘要:
A method for processing a silver halide color photosensitive material, comprises developing the silver halide color photosensitive material with a color developer containing a compound represented by formula (I): RSO2M (I) wherein R represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aralkyl group or an aryl group; and M represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom, an ammoniumyl group or a quaternary amino group, wherein the silver halide color photosensitive material is processed in an automatic processor having an air time ratio of 10 to 40% in the color development.
摘要:
A granulated solid processing agent for a silver halide photographic material which is a core/shell type spherical granule comprising an internal nucleus and layer structure of one or more layers coating the internal nucleus, and the critical relative humidity of the internal nucleus is 70% or less.
摘要:
A method for processing a silver halide color photographic material comprising a step of processing an exposed silver halide color photographic material with an automatic processor, a color developing solution used in the processing step containing triisopropanolamine, and a conveying rate of the automatic processor being 1,100 mm/min. or more.
摘要:
The present invention provides a method of manufacturing an optical fiber preform having the steps of disposing a rod member made of a silica-based material within a cavity of a mold, followed by loading a molding material within the mold cavity, and applying pressure to the mold from the outside to form a porous layer on the surface of the rod member and, thus, to obtain a porous preform, wherein at least one end portion of the rod member extends outside the mold cavity in the step of applying pressure to the mold. The particular method permits manufacturing a high quality porous preform free from splits or cracks, making it possible to obtain a high quality optical fiber preform free from residual bubbles.
摘要:
A method for manufacturing a preform having steps of obtaining a plastic material by kneading silica powder, a binder, water, and a surfactant, and obtaining a porous preform by extrusion-molding the plastic material. According to this method, a porous preform, which can produce an optical fiber exerting high mechanical strength, can be efficiently manufactured without generating bubbles