摘要:
A fine vacuum tube element and other electronic elements are integrated and formed on a semiconductor substrate, and the fine vacuum tube element and the other electronic elements transmit signals to and from each other. When integrating the vacuum tube element with the other electronic elements, a quantum effect is realized in a room temperature environment by utilizing ballistic electrons (non-scattering electrons) traveling through the vacuum, and in the integrated circuit, an A/D converter is constructed by an interference system such as a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Also an integrated circuit of an advanced function-integrated type is provided, comprising an interference system such as a Mach-Zehnder interferometer wherein weighting of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is constituted for image processing and signal code conversion. A very high-speed light-receiving integrated circuit for optical communication is constructed by utilizing a very high-speed optical response characteristic of electron emission of the vacuum element, and a sensor such as a magnetic/electric field sensor is constructed by utilizing a quantum effect of ballistically traveling electrons.
摘要:
An optical sampling apparatus has an electron beam generating apparatus which generates an electron beam by irradiating a cathode with an optical signal, a deflection electrode which deflects the generated electron beam, a sampling slit which transmits a part of the deflected electron beam, and a charge detection section which detects the quantity of charges or accumulated current of the transmitted electron beam. It is possible to perform accurate sampling in a high band.
摘要:
An optical path control device includes a hole formed perpendicularly to the plane of a substrate, an optical waveguide formed on the substrate to cover the hole, an upper electrode formed on the optical waveguide above the hole, a lower electrode formed on a bottom part of the hole, and a voltage application unit for applying a voltage between the upper and lower electrodes. As the applied voltage is controlled to change an electrostatic attraction force between the upper and lower electrodes and the magnitude of flexure of the waveguide is thus changed, the traveling direction of light can be changed into an arbitrary direction.
摘要:
A microreactor has a plurality of flow channels, a joint flow channel where the plurality of flow channels are joined, a light applying section which applies light, that accelerates a reaction of fluids which flows through the plurality of flow channels to join in the joint flow channel, to the joint flow channel; and an applying section which applies a magnetic field and/or an electric field to a reaction production substance.
摘要:
An optical sampling apparatus has an electron beam generating apparatus which generates an electron beam by irradiating a cathode with an optical signal, a deflection electrode which deflects the generated electron beam, a sampling slit which transmits a part of the deflected electron beam, and a charge detection section which detects the quantity of charges or accumulated current of the transmitted electron beam. It is possible to perform accurate sampling in a high band.
摘要:
A photo diode array having improved linearity, wherein a plurality of photo diodes are arranged in an array with a plurality of electrodes connected to both ends of the light receiving surface of each photo diode to obtain current generated in each photo diode.
摘要:
An optical switch has an input port, output ports, optical waveguides whose output path of an optical signal branch into two. A first stage optical switch section is provided in a branching portion of the optical waveguide, which switches a propagating path of an optical signal to a path leading to the desired output port. A subsequent stage optical switch section is provided in a branching portion of the optical waveguide subsequent to the first stage optical switch section, which switches a propagating path of a leakage light, which is leaked from the first stage optical switch section, to a path which does not propagates the leakage light to any of the output ports. The first stage optical switch section and the subsequent stage optical switch section switch a path of an optical signal according to a refractive index change caused by a carrier injection.
摘要:
An optical switch has an input port, output ports, optical waveguides whose output path of an optical signal branch into two. A first stage optical switch section is provided in a branching portion of the optical waveguide, which switches a propagating path of an optical signal to a path leading to the desired output port. A subsequent stage optical switch section is provided in a branching portion of the optical waveguide subsequent to the first stage optical switch section, which switches a propagating path of a leakage light, which is leaked from the first stage optical switch section, to a path which does not propagates the leakage light to any of the output ports. The first stage optical switch section and the subsequent stage optical switch section switch a path of an optical signal according to a refractive index change caused by a carrier injection.
摘要:
A clock reproducing apparatus includes a clock reproducing circuit having: a gated oscillator having an oscillating circuit of two routes; and a frequency control circuit for comparing a phase of an output of the gated oscillator with a phase of a reference clock, and supplying a phase control signal to the gated oscillator based on the comparison result so as to set a delay time, input data is input to a reset input terminal of the gated oscillator, and different route of the two routes of the oscillating circuit operates depending on a case where the input data is “H” and a case where the input data is “L”.
摘要:
A phase control circuit includes: a variable delay circuit for delaying a clock signal; a first flip-flop circuit having a clock input terminal to which the delayed clock signal is input and a data input terminal to which a data signal is input; a second flip-flop circuit having a clock input terminal to which the data signal is input and a data input terminal to which the delayed clock signal is input; and an integration circuit for controlling a delay amount of the variable delay circuit based on an output signal of the second flip-flop circuit.