Abstract:
By using a sheet beam and a charge-storing target measuring the differential of the deposited charge, one can greatly improve the performance of a scan converter. A segmented target provides instantaneous analog output.
Abstract:
A high power switching apparatus comprises an annular cathode having a surface capable of emitting a hollow electron beam therefrom and an anode cavity spaced from said cathode. The cavity has an annular opening smaller in dimension than a corresponding internal dimension that defines the cavity to provide a Faraday cage collector of the hollow electron beam. A control electrode, disposed between the cathode and the anode cavity in a non-intercepting position relative to the hollow electron beam, provides a controlling electric field region for modulation of the hollow electron beam. Arc suppressing electrodes, at approximately the same potential as the cathode, are disposed between the control electrode and the anode. An intermediate high voltage electrode, disposed between the arc suppressing electrodes and the anode cavity in a non-intercepting position relative to the hollow electron beam, provides a controlling electric field region for channeling of the hollow electron beam. The intermediate high voltage electrode maintains a positive voltage with respect to the cathode in order to provide an intermediate voltage step between the cathode and the anode in the off state and to channel the hollow electron beam towards the anode in the on state. A voltage, positive with respect to the cathode, is applied to the control electrode in order to draw the hollow electron beam from the emitting surface of the cathode and into the anode. The potential of the anode is generally positive with respect to the cathode, however, it need not be at a potential as high as that of the control electrode, especially when electrons are being drawn from the cathode.
Abstract:
An electron source includes a cathode electrode having an emitter of conical shape. A first insulating film surrounds the emitter. A first extracting electrode disposed on the first insulating film draws out electrons from the emitter. A second insulating film is disposed on the extracting electrode and a focusing electrode is disposed on the second insulating film for focusing the electrons. The films and electrodes are hollowed to constitute a well surrounding the emitter, and the electrodes are applied predetermined voltages respectively to control the electrons emitted from the emitter. A disturbance that the voltage applied to the focusing electrode causes to the electric field around a summit of the emitter is suppressed. The electrode source may be made by determining a thickness of a masking material so that, when forming the conical emitter, an area occupied by the films deposited on the masking material in the well is smaller than the well when all the films have been completed. The emitter of conical shape is formed in the cathode electrode by using the mask having the determined thickness. The first insulating film, the extracting electrode, the second insulating film, and the focusing electrode are then successively formed, after removing the mask and the layers deposited on the mask successively.
Abstract:
An electron beam tube for time multiplexing a plurality of signal channels on an extremely high frequency carrier includes an electron gun, a deflection system for causing the electron beam generated by the electron gun to sweep in a circular path past a plurality of individual electrodes which are excited with signals corresponding to the signals of individual channels, for modulating the beam with the channel signals, and a target for collecting the modulated beam to produce a time multiplexed output signal. The output signal may be amplified within the tube.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to apparatus for generating electric signals. Basically, the disclosed apparatus comprises a cathode-ray-type tube wherein the electron-beam sweeps across an especially designed electron-receptor. By suitable design of the receptor in conjunction with the beam-deflecting signal, the disclosed apparatus generates many desired output signals.
Abstract:
To deflect a light spot over a grating until it reaches a predetermined grating line, the beam is initially given a consistent starting point by deflecting it until its intersection with a grating line, or auxiliary line preceding the grating, is sensed and using the detection of this intersection to position the beam a fraction of the grating pitch away from the grating line; the beam is then deflected over the required integral multiple of the grating pitch, leaving the beam between two grating lines, and the beam is then progressively deflected until its intersection with the required grating line is detected.